• 영재교육연구
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.509-541
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• 2014

21세기 지식 기반 사회가 추구하는 가치나 비전에 따른 과학 영재 교육의 새로운 방향으로서 핵심 역량 중심의 교육을 고려해 볼 필요가 있다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 향후 핵심 역량 중심의 과학 영재 교육을 위한 선결 요건으로서 과학자의 핵심 역량 모델을 개발하고, 타당성을 검토하였다. 이를 위하여 논문, 도서, 신문 기사, 행동사건면접에 대한 분석을 바탕으로 설문 문항을 개발한 후 설문 조사를 실시하였다. 그리고 설문 조사 결과를 바탕으로, 탐색적 요인분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 5개의 역량군, 15개의 하위 역량으로 구성된 잠재적인 핵심 역량 모델을 구성할 수 있었고, 확인적 요인분석을 통해 탐색된 핵심 역량 모델의 신뢰도와 수렴타당도, 판별타당도 등을 확보할 수 있었다. 과학자의 핵심 역량 모델에서 '인지' 역량군은 '창의적 사고', '종합적 사고', '탐색적 사고', '분석적 사고', '개념적 사고'의 5개 하위 역량으로 구성되었다. '성취지향' 역량군은 '주도성', '준비 및 문제해결력', '전략적 영향력'의 3개 하위 역량으로 구성되었고, '과학적 태도' 역량군은 '유연한 사고와 태도', '연구 열정', '과학에 대한 견해'의 3개 하위 역량으로 구성되었다. '개인 효과성' 역량군은 '풍부한 경험과 체험', '글로벌 자세'의 2개 하위 역량으로 구성되었으며, 마지막으로, '네트워킹' 역량군은 '대인이해', '의사소통'의 2개 하위 역량으로 구성되었다. 이 연구 결과는 과학자의 핵심 역량 모델을 과학 영재 교육에 소개하고, 핵심 역량 중심의 과학 영재 교육을 위한 프로그램 개발이나 전략 마련 등을 위한 기초 자료를 제공해 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.73-101
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• 2010

본 연구는 유대강도, 공유된 목표, 신뢰와 같은 사회자본이 경제적 성과와 비경제적 성과인 관계지속의도에 미치는 영향에 대하여 부산지역 프랜차이즈 가맹점을 대상으로 공변량 구조방정식모형을 통하여 실증분석하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 유대강도는 관계지속의도에 직접적인 영향을 미치지는 못하지만 신뢰와 경제적 성과를 매개로 간접적으로 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 공유된 가치는 관계지속의도에 직접적인 영향은 물론 신뢰를 매개로 간접적으로 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 공유된 목표가 경제적 성과를 매개로 하여 관계지속의도에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 이러한 결과들을 토대로 본 연구의 이론적 실무적 시사점을 제시하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.88-117
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• 1990

The purposes of this study are to delineate a profile of the state of a stroke patient's adaptation at 3 months after hospitalization and to explore the relationship between the level of adaptation and the variables which influence the adaptation of hemiplegic patients. To these ends, theoretical framework was derived basically from the stress adaptation model. The basic assumption underlying the level of adaptation is influenced by the presenting focal, contextual and residual stimuli. This group of stimuli is further operationalized and represented by a perception of stress. which is the perceived effect of the disability and by the mediating variables such as sociodemographic factors as an external conditioning variables and perceived social support and hardiness personality characteristics as an internal intervening variables. The dependent varibales in this study is the level of physical, psychological and social adaptation and is hypothesized to be a function of the interaction between 3 sets of variables namely, the perceived disability effect, external conditioning variables and internal intevening varibles. A total of fourty three subjects from 3 general hospitals in Seoul were observed and interviewed with the aid of 7 structured instruments. The data were collected twice on each subject : first at the pre-discharge period arid at 3 months post-discharge from hospital for the second time. The study was carried out for the period from February to August, 1988. The instruments used for the study include 4 existing scales and 3 scales developed by the researcher for this study. They are : 1) The ADL dependency scale and the scale of the clinical physical functions for the assessment of physical adaptation. 2) the SDS(self report of depression) to measure the level of psychological adaptation. 3) The scale for the amount of social activities for the measurement of the level of social adaptation. 4) The scale for the perceived effect of disability for the measurement of the focal stimuli. 5) The health related hardiness scale and the perceived interpersonal support self evaluation list(ISEL) for the measurement of the hardiness personality character and the perceived social support. The data obtained were analyzed using percentage, oneway ANOVA, Pearson coefficients correlation and stepwise multiple regression. The findings provide valuable information about the present level of physical adaptation at 3 months after discharge. The patient revealed a decreased ADL dependency and lowered limitation of physical function as compared with pre - discharge state. Psycholcgically, the average degree of depression at follow up was within normal range of depression. Socially, the amount of social activities was very low. The one way ANOVA and the correlational analysis revealed the relationship between the 3 sets of variables and the adaptation level as follows : 1) The perceived disability effect was related to the degree of the depression and the amount of social activities but was not related to the physical adaptation. 2) Among the sociodemographic variables, sex and education were related to the difference of ADL dependency and the change of physical function. These factors indicate that women more than men and educated more than the less educated were found more independent. The education was also related to the degree of depression suggesting that the higher the educational level, the more well adapted the patients were both physically and psychologically. Age, marital status and job state were not found to be related to the patient's adaptation level. 3) Among the internal intervening variables, the health related hardiness characteristic was related to the differences of ADL dependency, physical functions and the social activities, indicating that the higher the hardiness character the higher the level of physical and social adaptation. 4) The perceived social support, another internal intervening variable, was related to the degree of depression and the social activities. This data suggest that the higher the perception of social support, the better adapted the patients were psychogically and socially. In summarizing the results of the correlational analysis, the level of physical adaptation was influenced by sex, the years of education and the hardiness character. The level of psychological adaptation was influenced by the years of education, the perceived disability effect and the perceived social support. And the level of social adaptation was influenced by the perceived disability effect, the hardiness character and the perceived social support. The stepwise multiple regression analysis shows findings as follows : 1) The most important factor to explain the difference of ADL dependency was sex, indicating females were more independent than males. 2) The most important factor to explain the difference of physical function and the degree of depression was the patient's education level. 3) The strongest explaining factor for the amount of social activities was perceived self esteem(one of the subconcepts of perceived social support). Thus the most important factors influencing the level of adaptation were found to be sex, education, the hardiness character and self esteem. From the above findings, the significance of this study can be delineated as follows : 1) Corroboration of the assumed relationship between the various variables and the adaptation level as suggested in the conceptual model. 2) Support for the feasibility of the cognitive approach for nursing intervention such as hardness character training, counselling and teaching for self-care in the chronic patients.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.220-235
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• 1998

The revolution of nursing curriculum has been focused on clinical competency for nursing graduates to flexibly respond to changes in societal health needs and disciplinary requirements. In this trend, the study was designed to identify basic concepts of nursing education that reflects the changes in societal needs and nursing discipline, and to develop the instrument to measure performance level in each dimension of clinical competency. The study was conducted in two phases. In phase 1, principal concepts consisted of nursing education were determined through literature review as well as series of discussion sessions on nursing philosophies and educational objectives among researchers. Though the process, the conceptual framework of competency based nursing curriculum was constructed with nursing process and professional role as horizontal threads, client, health needs, and nursing interventions as vertical threads. Then, items were developed to represent each dimension of competency : client and health need, nursing process, professional role, and nursing interventions. The total of 273 items were included as to represent clinical competency required for BSN graduates. In phase 2, questionnaires were distributed to nursing faculties of 41 BSN programs to validate the 273-item Instrument developed to measure competency. The total of 34 subjects returned the questionnaire with 81% of response rates. The subjects of the study had an average of 42 months of clinical experience and 13 years of education experience in various nursing areas with an age range of 30 to 52 years. The data were analyzed by utilizing SPSSWIN and the results are as follows. 1) The mean score of the nursing process dimension was supported most with the mean of 3.60(SD=0.32) compared to client and health need dimension(M=3.49, SD=.40), professional role(M=3.41, SD=.44), and nursing interventions(M=3.57, SD=.34). 2) The dimensions of competency were moderately correlated to each other with a range of r=.433 to r=.829, confirming that four dimensions of competency were related but distinct concepts. 3) The items of each dimension were analyzed based on its appropriateness. 'Assessing risk factors of the clients' were most highly supported in client and health need dimension. Most items of nursing process dimension were considered appropriate, while items related to efficient communication were well supported in professional role dimension. In nursing intervention dimension, items on basic nursing skills were highly supported while items on specific nursing interventions such as music therapy or art therapy were considered relatively inappropriate to competency for BSN graduates. The findings clearly showed that the current nursing education more emphasizes nursing interventions based on nursing process than other dimensions of competency. There is a need to reconceptualize nursing curriculum that is able to reflect more of nursing professional role and client/health need dimensions. Further research to validate the instrument by confirming competency dimensions of nursing graduates who are currently working at the hospital has been suggested.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2020

제조 혁신을 위한 스마트 팩토리의 구현을 위하여 점차 디지털 트윈이 많이 개발되고 또 적용될 것이다. 특히 개발된 디지털 트윈에 대하여 시뮬레이션 및 최적화 분석을 실시함으로써 설비의 예지보전과 같은 중요한 의사결정을 지원할 수 있다. 본 연구는 사용자 관점에서 이러한 분석을 지원하는 체계인 디지털 트윈 관리시스템(DTMS: Digital Twin Management System)의 개념적 구조를 제시한다. 디지털 트윈은 다양한 분석 모듈과 데이터 등으로 매우 복잡하게 구성되어 있다. 스마트 팩토리가 진행될수록 디지털 트윈의 관리는 더욱 어려워지게 될 것이다. 따라서 이를 체계적으로 관리를 가능하게 하는 DTMS가 필요하다. 본 연구는 DTMS의 개발을 위하여 제조공학, 의사결정지원시스템, 그리고 최적화 분야에서 제시된 이론 및 체계들을 문제 해결 관점에서 통합한다. 그리고 제시된 프레임워크의 현실적용 가능성을 보이기 위하여 DTMS를 디스플레이 제조공정에 적용해 본다. 본 연구에서 제시된 DTMS는 전형적인 DSS(Decision Support System) 구조를 띤다. 즉 DTMS는 대화관리시스템, 모델관리시스템, 그리고 데이터관리시스템 등과 같은 3개의 서브시스템과 분석용 디지털 트윈 및 최적화 툴로 구성된다. 본 연구를 통하여 제시한 DTMS는 스마트 펙토리를 지향하는 경쟁력이 있으며 복잡한 산업 영역에 적용될 수 있다. 학문적으로는 새로운 시각에서 디지털 트윈의 분석을 조명한 것으로 추후 연구의 방향을 제시했다는 점에서 의미가 있다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.893-903
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• 2009

스마트 의류는 섬유 및 의류 산업, 전자 산업의 미래를 상징하는 것으로, 전자 기기들을 일생생활의 일부로 만들기 위한 노력이 지속적으로 진행되고 있다. 기술 혁신이나 스마트 의류의 적용에 관한 선행연구들이 진행되어 왔으나, 스마트 의류에 대한 인지나 태도에 대한 소비자 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 소비자들이 스마트 의류 수용 속성에 대하여 지각된 위험이 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 파악하고자 개념적 연구모형을 제시하였다. 또한 한국, 미국, 스페인간의 연구모형을 비교 분석하였다. 자료 분석을 위하여 Amos 7.0을 이용하였으며 그 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 한국, 미국 스페인 모두에서 심리적 위험이 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 심리적 위험은 상대적 이점과 복잡성에 부정적인 영향을 미쳤으나, 사용용이성에는 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 손실 위험은 상대적 이점에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 손실 위험은 한국 소비자들의 복잡성에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 한국과 미국 소비자들의 사용용이성에는 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 성과 위험의 영향은 국가별 소비자에 따라 다른 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 스마트 의류 관련 마케팅 전략에 필요한 정보와 시사점을 제공하였다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.15-27
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• 2011

Although a huge number of academic researchers have paid considerable attention to exploring both the degree to which store image influences retailer brand customers and how to develop store personality, they have overlooked the contemporary retail context in which retailers have developed many different types of retailer brands, that is, price-oriented or quality-oriented retailer brands. Rather than focusing on the latter, much literature has looked at the former. Accordingly, even though there are many articles related to store image, a few authors have shown their interest in identifying the extent to which store personality affects customers purchasing retailer brands at lower prices. As a result, their efforts have been to illustrate the relationship between store image and consumer behaviours buying retailer brands. In that multiple retailers over the world such as E-Mart, Lotte-Mart, Tesco Korea and Tesco UK have actively introduced not only the quality-focused retailer brands that quality is better than, or equal to national brands, and prices are slightly higher than, or equal to them, but also price-focused retailer brands, academicians should make an effort to investigate how store image affects customers purchasing a quality-oriented retailer brand, comparing with previous research results. That is why the authors illustrate the extent to which store personality components influence retailer brand customers, including particularly quality-oriented retailer brand customers through an empirical research. By adopting a questionnaire method as a research technique to illuminate the relationship between store image components and retailer brand customers, research validity increases and further, data gathered through a field survey are analysed through a few statistic analysis methods, in order to minimise statistical deviations. Compared with the prior research concentrated on price-focused retailer brands, the authors have significantly shed light on customer behaviours purchasing retailer brand products with higher quality. When it comes to store personality components, the research suggests the following five items: merchandise attributes, services, physical facilities, promotions, and institutional image, considering the subcomponents mentioned by the previous research. Proposing the conceptual research model which those elements are differently hypothesised, according to retailer brand types: PR (Price-oriented Retailer brand) and QR (Quality-oriented Retailer brand), the research is proceeded. Through empirical research, the authors found that amongst the five items, only promotion influenced retailer brand customers in the Korean retailing marketplace, unlike other countries explored by many researchers, such as UK. Although much literature emphasises that those elements are closely related to retailer brand buying proneness, it is completely not fit to the Korean market. Also, research findings provide new insights into the degree of store image effects on retailer brand customers for academiciansand practitioners. Whether the retailer brand development program that a retailer has carried simultaneously both price-focused and quality-focused retailer brand types is practically profitable should be explored in the future.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국HCI학회 2008년도 학술대회 2부
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• pp.131-135
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• 2008

전자 기술 및 관련 기반 기술의 급속한 발달로 인해 다양한 정보디바이스들이 출시되고 있다. 이러한 정보디바이스들은 현재의 PMP(Portable Multimedia Player), PDA(Personal Data Assistant)나 핸드폰 등에서부터 사용자의 욕구를 만족시켜주는 다양한 장치들이 개발 될 것으로 보인다. 이러한 디바이스들은 통신 기술의 발전과 통신 인프라 발달 및 보급의 확대로 네트워크로 연결되고 있으며, 이에 따라 사용자는 중앙 서버 등에 접속하여 언제 어디서나 원하는 정보를 주고 받을 수 있게 되었다. 이렇게 언제 어디서나 자연스럽게 네트워크로 연결된, 유비쿼터스 시대의 디바이스를 사용하게 되면서 기존의 GUI(Graphic User Interface)에 최적화된 사용성 평가 원칙이 아닌, 새로운 사용환경에 적함한 사용 편의성 원칙을 재정의 해야 할 필요성이 높아졌다. 유비쿼터스에 관한 기존의 연구는 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 디바이스의 설계 혹은 디자인의 방법을 제시하기 보다는 유비쿼터스 사회의 특정 및 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 서비스가 가져야 할 특정에 관한 것이 대부분이며, 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 서비스의 사용성에 대한 연구는 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 서비스에 대한 평가의 원칙만 제시할 뿐 구체적인 사용성 원칙을 제시하지 않고 있다. 또한 컨텍스트어웨어 컴퓨팅에서도 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅과 관련된 많은 연구가 이루어지고 있지만 사용성 원칙과 관련된 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 기존의 사용성에 대한 연구 및 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅에 대한 연구를 바탕으로 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 디바이스의 사용성 평가에 적합한 평가 프레임워크를 개발하였다. 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 사용성 모델을 개발하였으며, 이를 통하여 유비쿼터스 디바이스에 관련된 다양한 이슈들을 확인할 수 있다. 또한 유비쿼터스 디바이스 사용성 평가 원칙 개발을 위하여 기존의 GUI를 대상으로 하는 기존의 사용성 평가 원칙에서 본 연구에 적용 될 수 있는 원칙을 선별하였다. 이는 디바이스의 사용성 평가를 위한 일반적인 사항을 평가한다. 여기에 유비쿼터스외 관련된 기존연구로부터 유비쿼터스 디바이스 사용성 평가에 활용할 수 있는 사용성 평가 원칙을 추출하여 유비쿼터스 디바이스 사용성 평가 원칙을 개발하였다.

• ALGAE
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.121-137
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• 2015

Studies on carbon flux in the oceans have been highlighted in recent years due to increasing awareness about climate change, but the coastal ecosystem remains one of the unexplored fields in this regard. In this study, the dynamics of carbon flux in a vegetative coastal ecosystem were examined by an evaluation of net and gross ecosystem production (NEP and GEP) and $CO_2$ exchange rates (net ecosystem exchange, NEE). To estimate NEP and GEP, community production and respiration were measured along different habitat types (eelgrass and macroalgal beds, shallow and deep sedimentary, and deep rocky shore) at Gwangyang Bay, Korea from 20 June to 20 July 2007. Vegetative areas showed significantly higher ecosystem production than the other habitat types. Specifically, eelgrass beds had the highest daily GEP ($6.97{\pm}0.02g\;C\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$), with a large amount of biomass and high productivity of eelgrass, whereas the outer macroalgal vegetation had the lowest GEP ($0.97{\pm}0.04g\;C\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$). In addition, macroalgal vegetation showed the highest daily NEP ($3.31{\pm}0.45g\;C\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$) due to its highest P : R ratio (2.33). Furthermore, the eelgrass beds acted as a $CO_2$ sink through the air-seawater interface according to NEE data, with a carbon sink rate of $0.63mg\;C\;m^{-2}\;d^{-1}$. Overall, ecosystem production was found to be extremely high in the vegetated systems (eelgrass and macroalgal beds), which occupy a relatively small area compared to the unvegetated systems according to our conceptual diagram of a carbon-flux box model. These results indicate that the vegetative ecosystems showed significantly high capturing efficiency of inorganic carbon through coastal primary production.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.145-161
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• 1998

This correlational study sought to find the relationship among women's health status and the level of importance & performance of postpartal care. One hundred thirty three women who live in Seoul and rural area including hospitalized in a general hospital and midwifery clinic were studied from 1st April, 1998 to 25th April, 1998 for 25 days. Data analysis consisted of frequency, percentage, Pearson Correlation Coefficiency, t-test, ANOVA and Sheffe test as a post hoc, using SPSS. The results of analysis were as follows ; mean age of respondents was 31.9 years and mean number of children was 1.8. The most of family type was nuclear family and lived int apartment. Mean frequency of pregnancy was 2.7 times and most women delivered at local clinic, general or University hospital. Mean period of after delivery was 53.7 month. The level of importance and performance of traditional postpartal care (Sanhujori) was more higher than hospital postpartal care. The level of importance, performance of postpartum care and health status had significant relationship. The higher level of importance was, & the higher level of performance was higher, and the higher degree of health status. The factors related to health status were postabortal sahujori period after abortion, nuclear family, the evaluation of sahujori, whether women and followed the caregiver's advice well or not and whether they have physical symptoms or not, at the level of $5{\sim}0.1%$ of significance statistically. The factors related to the level of importance of postpartal care were the number of child, present health status and health status of pre-post of delivery, deliver place and the opinion of effective postpartum care method at the level of $5{\sim}0.1%$ of significance statistically. The factors related to the level of performance of postpartal care were delivery place, the opinion of whether they can do at the hospital or not and whether they have physical symptom or not at the level of $1{\sim}0.1%$ of significance statistically. In conclusion, this finding reconfirmed the relationship among women's health status and the postpartal care. It provides a challenge to the health professional caregivers to research continually and repeatedly and confirm the conceptual model of Sanhujori, reestablish effective and integrative postpartal caring system which contains oriental and western paradigm for women's life long health toward the 21C.