• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.109-114
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• 1998

Let H be a separable complex H be a space and let (equation omitted)(H) be the *-algebra of all bounded linear operators on H. An operator T in (equation omitted)(H) is said to be p-hyponormal if ($T^{\ast}T)^p - (TT^{\ast})^{p}\geq$ 0 for 0 ＜ p ＜ 1. If p = 1, T is hyponormal and if p = $\frac{1}{2}$, T is semi-hyponormal. In this paper, by using a technique introduced by S. K. Berberian, we show that the approximate point spectrum $\sigma_{\alpha p}(T) of a pure p-hyponormal operator T is empty, and obtains the compact perturbation of T.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.352-357
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• 1998

Conventional marketing research generally focuses on a single layer's benefit. A notable example is the consumer layer providing managers with partial market information to evaluate relevant strategies. As generally known, marketing management encounters complex supply and demand behaviors, thereby necessitation that a successful marketing strategy adopt multi-layer considerations, such as the consumer layer, channel-retailer layer, and marketing planner layer. In light of above situation, this study applies fuzzy theory and the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) technique to analyze the performances of marketing strategies under multi-layer benefits, In addition, conventional marketing research has difficulty in efficiently allocating the limited budget so that each desired criterion can be significantly enhanced by a group of events. Therefore, a weighting structure among the goal, layers, criteria, and strategies(i.e. a group of events) is also developed herein to trace the influential process and assist marketing managers in efficiently allocating resources(i.e.budget).

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.16-22
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• 2010

This paper proposes the real-time moving object tracking system UAV using color information. Case of object tracking, it have studied to recognizing the moving object or moving multiple objects on the fixed camera. And it has recognized the object in the complex background environment. But, this paper implements the moving object tracking system using the pan/tilt function of the camera after the object's region extraction. To do this tracking system, firstly, it detects the moving object of RGB/HSI color model and obtains the object coordination in acquired image using the compact boundary box. Secondly, the camera origin coordination aligns to object's top&left coordination in compact boundary box. And it tracks the moving object using the pan/tilt function of camera. It is implemented by the Labview 8.6 and NI Vision Builder AI of National Instrument co. It shows the good performance of camera trace in laboratory environment.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.752-756
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• 2002

Variable weld bead penetrations related to the base metal chemistry of stainless steels in GTA welding have been under constant investigations due to their industrial implications. It has been proposed that among other elements, the sulfur content of steels determines the weld pool geometry, particularly its penetration. It is suggested that the surface tension temperature gradient of steels becomes positive with appropriate dosing in sulfur and results in inward melt flow, propitious for deeper welds. However, the chemistry of industrial steels is complex due to the presence of multiple minor elements either deliberately added or remnant impurity traces. With this in view, investigations on 41 austenitic and nine martensitic stainless steels were carried to see if there existed any possible relation between the weld profile and some of the designated elements. The results suggest no direct correlation between sulfur or any other major or trace element and weld penetration. At first glance the results are contradictory to what is often asserted.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.50-64
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• 1997

Life cycle assessment (LCA) on total sewage sludge treatment system from thickening to incineration and melting was performed for estimating global environmental impact as $CO_2$. In general, the life cycles of actual treatment facilities consist of construction, operation and dismantlement. In this study, the amount of $CO_2$ produced from both whole and each life cycle step of currently used unit sludge treatment processes were calculated by inventory analysis. In addition, in the all processes investigated in this study, individual $CO_2$ production unit (CPU), i.e. total produced $CO_2$ by treating a unit weight of sludge was also calculated. By using the CPU matrix of the unit processes, it was possible to simulate the $CO_2$ production for any type of complex-system as well as to trace a dominant cause of $CO_2$ production in each process. Four selected alternatives examined here, each involve the same disposal way but differ substantially in the $CO_2$ exhaust.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.3109-3120
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• 1996

SDL has been standardized to specify behavioral aspects of communication systems based on the formal description technique, and it is powerful and user friendly in the sense of supporting human communication and understanding, formal analysis andcomparison of behaviors, alternative implementations and design optimization, and its structural decomposition. However, SDL is not sufficient for an efficient handing of entrire system descriptions because the communication systems are generally very complex, and composed from the various interactions among sub-systems. Also, it is very difficult to explicitly verify dynamic views such as liveness and reachability. it leads the demands on analysis scheme to verify dynamic behaviros of specified systems. This paper presents modeling concepts of Petri Nets from SDL and transformation rules to Numerical Petri Nets to provide efficient technqiques for verification of dynamic behaviors, and proposes the reachability garaph that is able to trace all reachable states of a modeled system and reduce an information loss on the reachability tree.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.151-157
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• 2007

It is important to manage internal and external interfaces in a system integration. As there are many of related multi-disciplinary engineers and high level complexity in big and complex project, it is difficult that carrying out interfaces management by consistent method. We study the method that represent efficiently system interfaces by matrix structure. And we suggest the way to identify system interfaces and trace interfaces between components using Interface Analysis Matrix and Interface Control Document.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2004.09a
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• pp.295-298
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• 2004

It was revealed that leaching of elements were partly inhibited because seawater contains plenty of dissolved ions than fresh water. On the other hands, the low activity coefficient and the formation of complex with chloride and sulfate play roles in enhancing element leachability. However, the pH buffaring capacity of seawater is the most important factor that makes the leaching of elements and its chemical behavior in the seawater system different from those in the fresh water environments. In general, the leaching from the weathered ash was smaller than that from the fresh ash. However, it was revealed that the leaching of Si, Fe, Al, Mn, phosphate, and some other elements were independent of ash weathering. They were dependant only on the pH of the solutions.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.155-156
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• 2003

대도시내의 산업단지의 경우 주거지역과 인접하여 위치하고 있기 때문에 산업단지에서 발생하는 오염물질들은 시민들의 생활에 큰 영향을 미치고 있다. 그러나 국내에서는 아직 PM10의 장기적인 연구가 다소 미흡하고 가장 오염이 심하리라고 예상되는 산업단지에서 조차 PM10의 장기적인 자료가 없다. 따라서 장기간 자료에 근거한 대기 중 미량금속의 특성평가, 인체 위해도 분석 및 오염원 평가가 원활히 이루어지지 못하고 있는 실정이다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1999.10c
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• pp.783-785
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• 1999

Distributed Object Systems are very complex. So, it is difficult to see overall relationship among objects participated in the system. Moreover the performance tuning or maintenance are also important issues of it. So, it needs a way to view the system with low-cost and an efficient method. One of solutions is a visualization tool or system. In this paper, we proposed a tracing facility for Java-based distributed object system, especially RM(Remote Method Invocation). Our up-coming visualization system will use two phase hybrid post-mortem/on-the-fly technique. To support it, the fundamental tracing part must have some flexible and dynamic mechanism. The main idea of our tracing technique is the Plug-in Sensor Model(PSM). The relationship between tracing (monitoring) part and visualization part is closely related. So, we considered the appropriate factors for visualization. We developed 'Traced RMI(TRMI)'. For more precise visualization of a working system, the casuality of events has to be preserved. TRMI can support global event ordering.