• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.203-212
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• 2024

The purpose of this study was to survey by the veterinary hospital Specialists (VHSs) and radiology students (RSs) for radiology curriculum development veterinary hospital (VH), and for veterinary hospital radiological technologists (VHRTs). VHSs were surveyed to regarding the basic information and radiological examination training, radiological examination experience, anatomy physiology, radiation safety management training, radiation biology training. RSs were surveyed to regarding the basic information and career paths, VH awareness, and VH-related department environments. The survey results were quantitatively entered into Excel and then analyzed using the SPSS ver. 26.0. The students were aged by 22.6 years old, and out of 171 students, male and female were 92 and 79 espectively. In employment career paths, 62.6% of all subjects responded that employment prospects at medical institutions were good. Employment prospects outside of medical institutions, VH had the highest number of students. Of the 83 students who responded that they wanted to work at a VH, 64 students liked animals, and 47 students the high potential for advancement. Of the 159 students who responded that there is potential for development of VH, 96.2% responded that it was due to the increase in companion animals. In the VH-related department environment, 94.7% responded that there was no related equipment, and 72.5% responded that the department needed to open animal care courses and 82.5% anatomy and physiology courses. 76.6% responded that they would be willing to take animal-related courses if they were offered. Among the 20 VHSAs, 4 had no experience in radiological examination of animals, 2 VHRTs, and 2 others. There were 7 people who had not received training in animal radiography, and 2 VHRTs had not received training in animal care and animal anatomy and physiology. This study is expected to be helpful in developing a radiology curriculum for VHRTs in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.83-96
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• 2016

Through the research and analysis on the vegetation environment, flora of habitats through documentary and field studies over 14 habitats of Euryale ferox Salisbury within Jeollabukdo, with the objective of acquiring the basic data for forming an environment based on plantation of reservoirs that are composed with Euryale ferox, the following results were obtained. 1. The entire flora of the 14 habitats appeared to be 79 families, 211 genus, 298 species, two subspecies, 30 varieties and six forma, thus, a total of 336 taxa was confirmed. Among these, emergent water plants appeared to compose 17 taxa, floating-leaved plants to compose seven taxa including Euryale ferox floating plants to compose five taxa and submerged water plants to compose two taxa. As a result of analyzing the similarity only over the water plants. The lowest similarity rate appeared between Gamdong Reservoir and Aedang Reservoir, as the similarity rate between the two regions appeared to be 0% as a result of the analysis. Floating-leaved plants, lotuses and caltrops, appeared to be equally inhabiting in Hanseongji at Jeongeup and Seoknam Reservoir at Gochang, which showed the highest similarity rate, in addition to Euryale ferox. 2. When examining the appearance frequency of aquatic plants per growth type, Actinostemma lobatum and Phragmites communis, in addition to Euryale ferox each appeared 11 times, showing a high frequency of 78.6% and Trapa japonica, which is a floating-leaved water plant, appeared ten times(71.4%) and Zizania latifolia appeared eight times(57.1%). In addition, the appearance rate appeared to be high in the order of Persicaria thunbergii, Leersia sayanuka, Ceratophyllum demersum, Echinochloa crusgalli var. oryzicola, Scirpus maritimus, and Nelumbo nucifera. 3. The rare plants discovered in the Euryale ferox habitats pursuant to the IUCN evaluation standards was confirmed to be composed of five taxa, with three taxa including the least concerned species(LC), Melothria japonica at Yanggok Reservoir, Hydrocharis dubia at Myeongdeokji and Ottelia alismoides at Daewi Reservoir, in addition to vulnerable species(VU), Utricularia vulgaris at Sangpyeong Reservoir, along with Euryale ferox. 4. Most of the group or community types of the natural habitats of Euryale ferox appeared to be the Euryale ferix community' and the Daewi Reservoir of Gunsan was defined as caltrop + Euryale ferox + Nymphoides indica community. The green coverage ratio of Euryale ferox per natural habitats showed a considerably huge deviation from 0.03 to 36.50 and as the average green coverage ratio was appropriated as 9.8, it can be considered that maintaining the green coverage ratio of Euryale ferox in a 10% level would be advisable when forming a reservoir with Euryale ferox as the key composition species. 5. The vegetation community nearby the natural habitats of Euryale ferox per research subject area appeared to be composed of three Leersia japonica communities, two communities each for Zizania latifolia community and Trapa japonica community and one community each for Nelumbo nucifera community, Nymphoides peltata + Typha orientalis community, Trapa japonica + Nelumbo nucifera community, Hydrocharis dubia community, Leersia japnica + Paspalum distichum var. indutum community and Euryale ferox + Trapa japonica community, showing a slight difference depending on the location conditions of each reservoir. Thus, this result may be suggested as a guideline to apply when allocating the vegetation ratio and the types of floating-leaved plants upon planting plants in reservoirs with Euryale ferox as the main companion species.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.98 no.4
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• pp.435-443
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to construct user satisfaction model using factor analysis and regression analysis through survey on various factors which decide users' satisfaction index of OK-SUNG Recreation Forest located in Gumi-city, Kyungbuk (newly opened on Dec, 26, 2007) and to suggest the right operation plans referring to the studies on existing recreation forests. The research results are as follows; The using behavior of recreation forests reported similar pattern to existing researches such as companion pattern, duration of status, ages and costs. The result of construction regression model after dividing of using behavior of recreation forests into two sections, which are physical sector and mental sector, showed that recreation environmental factor and inner recreation factor influenced more highly on satisfaction index. This result showed that the recreation factor, which is for obtaining mental satisfaction and friendship among companions, nature friendly factor and environmental factor more highly influence on the satisfaction index and the existing studies also support this result. Therefore, in order to offer higher standard recreation opportunities to the users, there needs consideration not only concerning experience facilities, walks and paths up a mountain, but also concerning the harmony between nature and facilities. In addition, in order to offer comfort and stableness in body and mind to users, it is necessary to educate and train the staff to offer better service and to maintain the facilities of recreation forest peaceful and calm.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.35-43
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• 2012

Following the companion paper (I. Comparisons with Well-known Seismic Code and Site Response Characteristics), several acceleration data recorded during recent earthquake events in Korea were analyzed to verify the suitability of the proposed two-parameters site classification system and the corresponding site coefficients. For all of rock-soil site pairs less than 30 km distant, response spectrums and corresponding site coefficients, $F_a$ and $F_v$, were determined. Unfortunately, some of data have an eccentric error, where the spectral acceleration of rock site is more amplified than that of soil site. The $F_a$ and $F_v$ for all of pairs except the pairs of error were compared with those in the current code and the proposed system. The $F_a$ and $F_v$ from the recorded motions show definitely different trend from that of the current code. In addition, the site coefficients from recorded motions at four 765 kV substation sites, which are several hundred meters distant, have a remarkably similar trend and absolute values to those in proposed two-parameters site classification system. Based on earthquake motions recorded in domestic areas including data from the four 765 kV substation sites, the two-parameters site classification and site coefficients are superior to the results obtained from the current Korean seismic code.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.345-351
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• 2017

This study evaluated the effectiveness of V-shaped ties as an alternative to the supplementary crossties specified in ACI 318-14 on the flexural ductility of reinforced concrete columns. From column specimens tested under constant axial loads and reversed cyclic lateral loads, the mode of failure and lateral load-lateral displacement relationship were measured according to the variation of the applied axial load levels. After the columns reached the peak lateral load capacity, the $90^{\circ}$ hooks of the crossties gradually opened, which eventually caused premature buckling of the longitudinal reinforcement and severe crushing of the core concrete, whereas no V-ties were extracted from the core concrete until the column failure. As a result, the cumulative work damage indicators up to 80% of the peak lateral load for V-tie columns under the axial load level of 0.2, 0.4, and 0.55 was as much as 2.4, 2.3, and 5.2 times higher, respectively, than those of the companion crosstie columns. The superiority of the V-ties to the conventional crossties in enhancing the flexural ductility of columns became more prominent as the axial load level increases.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.266-273
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• 2016

Objectives: This study evaluated the virucidal efficacy against avian influenza virus (AIV) of a disinfectant spray containing 0.25% grapefruit seed extract, 0.2% citric acid, 0.0625% malic acid and 0.0125% benzalkonium chloride. Methods: The disinfectant spray was diluted several times with hard water (HW) and organic matter (OM). Two point five mL of each diluent was added into each test tube, and 2.5 mL of AIV suspension was inserted into each test tube. After 30 minutes of virus-disinfectant contact reaction at $4^{\circ}C$, 2.5 mL of 10% inactivated fetal bovine serum was added into each test tube to neutralize the sanitizer efficacy. The neutralized solutions were serial 10-fold dilutions with phosphate buffer solution, and 0.2 mL of the diluents was injected into the allantoic cavity of five ten-day-old-chickens per dilution time. After incubation of the embryos for five days, the viability of the AIV was examined by hemagglutination titer. The valid dilution of the disinfectant spray was estimated according to the dilution time that the virus titer was inactivated more than $10^4$ 50% egg-infective dose (EID50)/mL compared with pathogen control. Results: In HW and OM conditions, the valid dilutions of the disinfectant spray against AIV were seven- and three-fold dilutions, respectively. The AIV titer of the pathogen control was more than 6.1 log10EID50/mL, and there was no embryonic toxicity. Conclusion: The present study showed that this disinfectant spray has effective virucidal activity against AIV.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.148-153
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• 2010

The aim of this study was to investigate the virulence factor profiles of Escherichia coli strains isolated from pork and chicken meats purchased from retail markets in Korea. From 943 pork and 142 chicken meats, 217 isolates of E. coli were cultured. The presence of 11 virulence factors (elt, estI, estII, astA, stx, cdt, cnf, agg, inve, eae, afa) were detected by polymerase chain reaction. Forty one (18.9%) of 217 E. coli isolates carried at least one virulence factor. Among 175 E. coli isolates from pork, the detection rate of astA, elt, eae, estII, estI, afa, and cnf were 6.9%, 4.6%, 4.6%, 4.0%, 2.3%, 1.1%, and 0.6%, respectively. However, stx, agg, and cdt were not detected in our isolates. Therefore, we conclude that astA is the most prevalent virulence factor in E. coli isolates contaminated in pork and chicken meats in Korea.

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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• v.1 no.2 s.2
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• pp.47-62
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• 1999

To meet the interoperability requirements associated with geospatial data access and geoprocessing, much efforts to design prototypical systems conforming to $OpenGIS^{TM}$ specification has been made. With respect to Object Web GIS, however, current internet mapping technology mainly focuses on either developing mapping libraries or client applications regardless of the future needs for interoperability such as an integration of $OpenGIS^{TM}$ standard for CORBA. In this paper, we propose an $OpenGIS^{TM}$ compliant mapping kernel. OpenViews, which is designed to meet those requirements. The kernel of OpenViews encapsulates the process of acquiring geospatial data in the format of $OpenGIS^{TM}$ Geometry through ORB(Object Request Broker). OpenViews, being designed based on well-known design patterns, is a highly extensible in that programmers can easily customize it on the object oriented architecture. The components implemented in OpenViews are CORBA/Java objects, and as such are portable and scalable in a networked environment. A companion package, OpenBroker, is also developed as a portable geoprocessing application server to facilitate the implementation and configuration of server side CORBA objects. It can be used for implementing objects for spatial analysis service which would be independent of legacy spatial database systems in many cases. OpenViews, together with OpenBroker, has been successfully prototyped using the technologies including EJB and servlet as the core components of an Open GIS compliant internet mapping.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.218-222
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• 2007

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) were screened for estrogenic activity using a recombinant yeast screening system consisted with estrogen receptors and ${\beta}-galactosidase$ as reporter gene. The chemicals showed estrogenic activity in ranges of $1{\times}10^{-10}\;to\;1{\times}10^{-7}M(DEHP)\;and\;of\;1{\times}10^{-9}M\;to\;1{\times}10^{-6}M(DBP)$ respectively. $17{\beta}-estradiol$, as a positive control of, showed maximal activity at $1{\times}10^{-9}M$. The concentration of half-maximal estrogenic activity was $1{\times}10^{-9}M$ for both chemicals. However, the concentration of maximal estrogenic activity was $1{\times}10^{-7}M$ for DEHP and $1{\times}10^{-8}M$ M for DBP. These results suggested that DBP was higher in relative potencies and more sensitive than DEHP. In conclusion, DEHP and DBP were both estrogenic, even though DBP was more reactive to estrogen receptor.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.167-172
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• 2007

Manure recycle is an emerging issue in agriculture in Korea these days. Farmers are keeping eye on legume mixture with grasses for nitrogen fixation and transfer to companion crops by legumes. We had a trial to investigate the effect of different legume mixtures on nitrogen fixation and transfer in spring soil. The treatment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Three different mixtures were used(rye+hairy vetch, Italian ryegrass+crimson clover, oat+pea) and sowed in pots with paddy soil from western part of Korea(Seo Chon County). Pots with rye+vetch were transplanted from field of RDA(rural development administration) in Suwon on 2 February 2007 and other mixture treatments were sowed on early March with different sowing rate(7:3=Italian:crimson, 6:4=oat:pea). $(^{15}NH_4)_2SO_4$ solution at. $99.8\;atom%^{15}N$ was applied to the each pot at the rate of $2kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$. Application was done on 6 April at rye+vetch pots and remainder were applied on April 16. Forage were harvested from each pot at ground level in heading stage and separated into legume and grass. Total N content and $^{15}N$ value were determined using a continuous flow stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry. DM yield of rye+vetch, Italian+crimson and oat+pea were 6,607, 3,213 and 4,312 kg/ha, respectively. Proportion of N from fixation was 0.73(rye+vetch), 0.42(Italian+crimson) and 0.93(oat+pea). The percentages of N transfer from legume to grass were from 61% to 24% in different method by treatment and -35% to 21% in isotope dilution method.