• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.166-181
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• 1996

This study was conducted to investigate the community structure of old-growth forest and vegetation-environment relationships in the Sangwonsa-Bironbong area, Odaesan National Park. TWINSPAN and DCA were used to identify and describe the community types for 45 sample sites. The results of DCA ordination showed that soil pH, soil organic matters and soil moisture played a role in determining community types in the study area. Community types of the study area were role in determining community types in the study area. Community types of the study area were classified into 6 groups by TWINSPAN; Abies holophylla-Carpinus koraiensis community. Each community types were significantly different in soil pH and soil organic matters. And each community types can be explained by geographical features.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 1990

To investigate the actual vegetation in Sokri mountain area, which consists of Sokri Mt. National Park, forest communities were classified by phytosocialogical analysis according to species composition and physiognomy. Actual vegetation map was drawn on the basis of classified forest communities. The forest communities in Mt. Sokri were classified as follows : 1. Pinus densiflora community 1) P. densiflora-Rhododedron mucronulatum subcommunity 2) P. densiflora-Rhododendron schippenbachii subcomminity 3) P. densiflora-Lespedeza maximowiczii subcommunity 4) P. densiflora-Sasa borealis subcommunity 2. P. densiflora-Quercus serrata community 3. P. densiflora-Q. variabilis community 4. Quercus serrata community 5. Q. serrata-Q. variabilis community 6. Carpinus laxiflora community 7. Quercus mongolica community 1) Typical subcommunity 2) Q. mongolica-Lespedeza maximowiczii subcommunity 3) Q. mongolica-Rhododendron schlippenbachii subcommunity 8. Fraxinus rhynchophylla community 9. Symplocos chinensis for. pilosa community 10. Quercus variabilis community

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.30-41
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• 1995

Vegetational structure were investigated for evergreen broad-leaved forest in (Mt.) Pulgapsan. Forty plots were classified into five groups, which were Aphananthe aspera community, Neolitesea sericea -Aphananthe aspera - Torreya nucifera community, deciduous broad-leaved forest group. Quercus aliena community, Quercus aliena - Quercus variabilis community by the TWINSPAN and DCA ordination techniques. But the vegetation of (Mt.)Pulgapsan was seem to be unstable structure of seral stage. Neolitsea sericea showed positive correlation to Aphananthe aspera and negative correlation to Quercus aliena. Quercus variabilis, Garpinus tschonoskii.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.69-80
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to suggest methods for the community design through users' behavior study in apartment housing. This study was approached by using both theoretical investigation and empirical research. The theoretical investigation actualized the concept of community design in apartment housing through a literature survey. The empirical survey focused on seeking out a user-oriented design criteria based on the analysis of residents' usage behavior and mental map. The results of this study are as follow: First. regarding the analysis of the residents' attitude toward the share community space(SCS), it was found that the SCS made a sense as community facilities in apartment housing. Second, regarding the SCS through the metal map, it was shown that the sketch map analysis was a useful research method for the community design by actualizing the residents' behavior characteristics. Third. as to the results of analyzing the metal map, it was found that the considered characteristics in recognition of the SCS were related to the liking with the main paths, cross nodes of the moving line, the location of center. and the complexity. In conclusion, the SCS is the main of community design in apartment housing and the above characteristics in recognition are useful as the guidelines in the SCS planning.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.122-128
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• 2015

This study aims to figure out the vegetation status and characteristics of the spatial distribution in Taeanhaean National Park. As a result, vegetation communities were Pinus thunbergii community, Pinus densiflora community, Pinus thunbergii-Pinus densiflora community, Camellia japonica community, Carpinus turczaninowii community, Carpinus turczaninowii-Pinus thunbergii community, Kalopanax septemlobus community, Koelreuteria paniculata community, Robinia pseudoacacia community, and sand dune and coastal wetland vegetation including Vitex rotundifolia community, Elymus mollis community, Calamagrostis epigeios community, Ischaemum anthephoroides community, Zoysia sinica community, Suaeda maritima community, and Phragmites communis community. Landscape types in actual vegetation map were Pinus thunbergii community (3.92%), Pinus densiflora community (1.40%), Robinia pseudoacacia community (0.05%), sand dune and coastal wetland vegetation (0.11%), field (0.46%), seashore (0.24%), thinning area (0.08%), bareground (0.16%), and sea (93.58%). Area of Pinus thunbergii community among vegetation type was $14.797km^2$ (3.92%) and the largest. Stratification structure and species composition of Pinus thunbergii community distributed in the seashore were different as a result of disturbance and human use. On the other hand, we assumed that succession will take place to the potential natural vegetation that is Quercus serrata and Quercus dentata in undisturbed Pinus thunbergii community. Meanwhile, Erechtites hieracifolia was occupied in understory of Pinus thunbergii community around the seashore and Diodia teres was invaded to sand dune vegetation. They may affect on natural species negatively. Therefore, monitoring and management plans are necessary.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.113-118
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• 2001

This study was carried out to provide basic data for establishment of Natural Ecology Center through vegetation research in Nodong valley, Pyungchanggun of Kangwondo. The vascular plants consisted of total 178 taxa such as 56 families, 121 genera, 152 species, 24 varieties and two forms. In the study area, we found some plants designated as protect plants by the Ministry of Environment such as Dryopteris crassirhizoma and Rodgersia podophylla that is a vulnerable species and Iris odaesanensis that is an endemic species. Communities by characteristic in species composition of Nodong valley forest were classified into Quercus mongolica - Acer pseudosieboldianum community as a natural forest community and Larix leptolepis and Pinus koraiensis community as artificial forest. The Quercus mongolica-Acer pseudosieboldianum community was further classified as Pinus densiflora subcommunity and Acer mono subcommunity. A protection program will be needed for Iris odaesanensis classified as an endemic species to make a Natural Ecology Center.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.713-729
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to suggest an activation plan for community centers. The community centers, categorized into 3 types by the number of visitors, were comparatively analyzed by their programs, operation, and visitors' opinion. 6 community centers in Heungduk-gu, Cheongju-city, their 6 operators, and their 220 visitors were the sample. This study surveyed community centers on the spot about their space characteristics and programs, interviewed operators, and asked questionnaires to visitors. The data of the 3 categorized centers were analyzed by frequency, average, and percentage. The following is the result: 1) The number of visitors was dependent on the type of residence and age of the residents. The activated community centers were found in residence type apartment blocks, and with an age group in its 40s. 2) The space satisfaction was dependent on the year of construction; it was higher with newer buildings and wider sizes. 3) All the centers were affirmative on the communication of the participants of programs. In conclusion, the activation plan of the community center has to comprise a renovation of old buildings, public promotion, and the development of programs taking into consideration the age group of the residents.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.745-764
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of ethical consumption in the Community Currency Movement participant's daily life as a consumer. Qualitative research methods are used for the understanding about the participation activities and the daily lives as a consumer of Hanbat LETS participants'. The characteristics of ethical consumption used for analysing of the Community Currency Movement are the subjective participation, production process-aware consumption, others care to consumption, sustainable consumption, voluntarily simple life. The major results of this study show that the Community Currency Movement is the alternative economic system practicing the ethical consumption. The Community Currency Movement increase the subject participation, realize the social responsibility and community society and the ecological value and voluntary simple life. This research get the meaning for considering the Community Currency Movement & the ethical consumption on the discriminatory perspective.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.228-235
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• 2015

Stream ecosystems are closely related to many human activities. Therefore, streams are affected by anthropogenic disturbances such as riverine development and gravel-mining as well as deterioration of water quality. The goal of this study was to elucidate the recolonization process of the macroinvertebrate community after a small-scale anthropogenic disturbance. Field studies were conducted at three sites in a natural stream. The number of recolonizing species tended to increase slightly over time, exceeding the total species number of the control. Ephemeroptera contributed the most to shaping the recolonizing pattern of the entire community. From the result of changes in dominant species, the early recolonizers of each site were the species that showed more frequent occurrence particulary at each sites. But the late recolonizers are Chironomidae at all the sites commonly. This result implies that the actual differences exist among the recolonizing trends of each benthic macroinvertebrate taxon. Collector-gatherers and scrapers comprised about 70% of the recolonizing species. These results indicate that the recolonizing process of an aquatic community after an artificial disturbance depends on the environmental conditions(particularly substratum composition or organic pollution) of the habitat.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.60-62
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• 2010