• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.79-83
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• 2006

We present two techniques based on lookup tables to reduce complexity of the well-known Schnorr-Euchner (SE) sphere decoder (SD) without introducing performance degradation. By the aid of lookup tables, the computational loads caused by the SE enumeration and decision feedback are reduced at the cost of higher storage capacity. Simulation results are provided to verify performance and complexity of the proposed decoders.

• 한국산업정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산업정보학회 1997년도 추계학술대회 발표논문집:21세기를 향한 정보통신 기술의 전망
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• pp.435-449
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• 1997

In this paper, a new metric, universal metric, is Proposed for sequential decoding of convolutional decoding. The complexity of Fano metric for Fano's sequential decoding algorithm is compared with that of the proposed universal metric. Since the Fano metric assumes that it has previous knowledge of channel transition probability, the complexity of Fano metric increases as the assumed channel error probability does not coincide with the true channel error probability. However, the universal metric dose not require the previous knowledge of the channel transition probability since it is estimated on a branch by branch basis. It is shown that the complexity of universal metric is much less than that of the Fano metric for bursty noisy channel.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.479-481
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• 2010

An optimal multiuser detection algorithm with a computational complexity of O(K log K) is proposed for the class of linear multiple-access systems which have constant cross-correlation values. Here the optimal multiuser detection is implemented by searching for a monotone sequence with maximum likelihood, under the ranking of sufficient statistics. The proposed algorithm is intuitive and concise. It is carried out in just two steps, and at each step only one kind of operation is performed. Also, the proposed algorithm can be extended to more complex systems having more than a single cross-correlation value.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.564-571
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• 2014

Sphere decoding (SD) for multiple-input and multiple-output systems is a well-recognized approach for achieving near-maximum likelihood performance with reduced complexity. SD is a tree search process, whereby a large number of nodes can be searched in an effort to find an estimation of a transmitted symbol vector. In this paper, a simple and generalized approach called layer pruning is proposed to achieve complexity reduction in SD. Pruning a layer from a search process reduces the total number of nodes in a sphere search. The symbols corresponding to the pruned layer are obtained by adopting a QRM-MLD receiver. Simulation results show that the proposed method reduces the number of nodes to be searched for decoding the transmitted symbols by maintaining negligible performance loss. The proposed technique reduces the complexity by 35% to 42% in the low and medium signal-to-noise ratio regime. To demonstrate the potential of our method, we compare the results with another well-known method - namely, probabilistic tree pruning SD.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2005년도 춘계종합학술대회
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• pp.126-130
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• 2005

In this paper, a low-complexity maximum-likelihood (ML) decoder based on QR decomposition, called real-valued LCMLDec decoder or RVLCMLDec for short, is proposed for the Vertical Bell Labs Layered Space-Time (V-BLAST) architecture, a promising candidate for providing high data rates in future fixed wireless communication systems [1]. Computer simulations, in comparison with other detection techniques, show that the proposed decoder is capable of providingthe V-BLAST schemes with ML performance at low detection complexity.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.1111-1130
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• 2016

Cooperative communications can significantly improve the wireless transmission performance with the help of relay nodes. In cooperative communication networks, relay selection and power allocation are two key issues. In this paper, we propose a relay selection and power allocation scheme RS-PA-PSACO (Relay Selection-Power Allocation-Particle Swarm Ant Colony Optimization) based on PSACO (Particle Swarm Ant Colony Optimization) algorithm. This scheme can effectively reduce the computational complexity and select the optimal relay nodes. As one of the swarm intelligence algorithms, PSACO which combined both PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) and ACO (Ant Colony Optimization) algorithms is effective to solve non-linear optimization problems through a fast global search at a low cost. The proposed RS-PA-PSACO algorithm can simultaneously obtain the optimal solutions of relay selection and power allocation to minimize the SER (Symbol Error Rate) with a fixed total power constraint both in AF (Amplify and Forward) and DF (Decode and Forward) modes. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme improves the system performance significantly both in reliability and power efficiency at a low complexity.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.635-646
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• 2011

분산 비디오 압축 기술은 부호화기의 복잡한 과정을 복호화기로 이동시킴으로써 저복잡도 부호화기를 가능하게 한다. 하지만 WZ 복호화기는 움직임 예측/보상 과정뿐만 아니라 채널 복호 과정까지 수행하기 때문에 복호화 과정의 높은 복잡도가 문제점으로 지적되고 있다. LDPC 부호의 복호화는 상당히 반복적인 과정으로 수행되기 때문에 그 수행 횟수만큼 복잡도가 늘어나는데, 실제로 이러한 반복적인 복호 과정은 전체 WZ 복호화 복잡도의 60% 이상을 차지하고 있기 때문에 복잡도 절감의 주요 대상이다. 따라서 이러한 복잡도 절감을 위해 과거에 HDA(Hard Decision Aided) 방법을 적용하는 방법이 제안되었다. HDA 방법은 해당 패리티에 대한 복호 과정의 복잡도를 상당량 줄여주지만, 채널 복호가 성공하기에 부족한 패리티량에 대해서도 여전히 복호 과정을 수행하는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 따라서 이러한 소모적인 과정을 줄임으로써 추가적인 복잡도 절감 효과를 얻을 수 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 비트 플레인 간의 상관도와 시간적 상관도에 기반하여 최소 연산으로 패리티 요구량을 예측하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안 방법과 HDA 방법을 함께 적용할 경우 채널 복호 과정에서는 평균 72% 정도의 고속 복호가 가능하며, 저하되는 율 왜곡 성능은 -0.0275 dB (BDPSNR) 정도로상당히 낮다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2004년도 ICEIC The International Conference on Electronics Informations and Communications
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• pp.302-309
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• 2004

The transmission capacity of wireless communication systems may become dramatically high by employ multiple transmit and receive antennas with space-time coding techniques appropriate to multiple transmit antennas. For large number of transmit antennas and at high bandwidth efficiencies, the receiver may become too complex whenever correlation across transmit antennas is introduced. Reducing decoding complexity at receiver by combining array processing and space-time codes (STC) helps a communication system using STC to overcome the big obstacle that prevents it from achieving a desired high transmission rate. Multi-carrier CDMA (MC-CDMA) allows providing good performance in a channel with high inter-symbol interference. Antenna array, STC and MC-CDMA system have a similar characteristic that transmit-receive data streams are divided into sub-streams. Thus, there may be a noticeable reduction of receiver complexity when we combine them together. In this paper, the combination of array processing and STC in MC-CDMA system over slow selective-fading channel is investigated and compared with corresponding existing MC-CDMA system using STC. A refinement of this basic structure leads to a system design principle in which we have to make a trade off between transmission rate, decoding complexity, and length of spreading code to reach a given desired design goal.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.14-22
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to provide the connectivity between the preference of architectural buildings and automobile companies as the most widely used background images for automobile advertisements. Based on the familiarity of the brand, the complexity of the message, and the novelty of the advertisement, this research is discovered with preferred images of automobile companies as well as the connectivity by analyzing architectural buildings emerging with various background images of automobile advertisements. After analyzing all three elements for the advertising communication, the conclusions through case investigations of nine automobile companies are the below. Firstly, the familiarity of the brand from nine automobile companies was high ranked satisfaction scores after questionnaire surveys. Secondly, all the aspects for the space, formative, material, height, and utilization related to the complexity of the message are not only matched the preferred images which automobile companies persue but the same preferred design elements after reviewing the most preferred and next most preferred images from the companies. Lastly, the methods for emphasizing the automobile itself which is related to the novelty of the advertisement simplify background images along with preferred artificial structures.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 GE 삼각 화를 이용해 LT 부호의 복호 과정을 수행함으로써 복잡도와 오버헤드 성능을 모두 개선한 효율적인 복호 방식을 제안하였다. BP 복호 방식은 간단하고 빠르기는 하나 부호 블록이 짧을수록 복호하는데 큰 오버헤드가 필요하다는 단점이 있고, OFG 알고리즘은 오버헤드는 작으나 연산 양이 많다. 시뮬레이션 결과 제안한 복호 방식은 OFG 알고리즘에 비해 연산 양이 5배 이상 감소되었으며 오버헤드는 1~5%의 적은 양을 보였다.