• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.480-486
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• 2005

Recently, domestic interest about wireless internet is rising gradually. Characteristic of present domestic wireless market is that mobile communication businessmans appropriate each other different mobile platform. So, contents provider's development environment can not be same each other. This makes contents providers repeat same work. To solve this problem, standardization work of wireless internet market was begun. The three mobile communication companies and TTA (Telecommunications Technology Association), RRU(Radio Research Laboratory), ETRI(Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute) progressed standardization. By the result, May 2002, WIPI that is wireless standard platform selected by mobile platform standard that is TTA organization standard. In this paper, 1 am going to examine the WIPI. WIPI can reduce mostly expense that happen when we use different platform. 1 design and embody common phrase function. Through this, 1 am going to show improvement of the character input speed in cellular phone. And I wish to discuss expected cost decrease effect. Investigate about platform of treatise that is used in domestic. analyze about the characteristic, merits and demerits. Chatting service and common phrase function design and embody. Finally, wish to discuss about advantage of common phrase function and practical use field.

• Language and Information
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.31-58
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• 2003

The main goal of this paper is to describe and analyse intensifiers, especially non-head-bound-intensifiers (NHBIs), which can be included in the discussion and analysis of these elements as focus particles. In doing so, NHBIs such as Korean susulo, casin/cache, English x-self and German selbst are dealt with in a rather cross-linguistical perspective. The pure and strict comparison between Korean, English and German is not intended. This paper is mainly concerned with the semantic domain where the respective contributions of the expressions in question overlap, which offers the common base for the discussion regarding Korean, one of the non-European languages and English and German, two European languages. They share the semantic domain ‘intensification’ regarding relevant subject-NP. They introduce an ordering distinguishing center and periphery. In contrast to head-bound-intensifiers (HBIs), however, NHBIs add self-involvement (directness of involvement) of subject-NP to the meaning of the relevant sentence. I adopt the proposals of Konig (1991), Primus (1992) and Siemund (2000) in the treatment of intensifiers as focus particles. However, I reject Konig (1991) that just NHBIs talre scope over a whole clause, Primus (1992) that NHBIs focus VPs, not NPs, and Siemund (2000) that NHBIs can be further devided into two groups, viz. NHBIs with exclusive readings and NHBIs with inclusive readings. Evidence for my position is presented mainly in the course of describing and analysing some syntactic properties and the meaning and use of NHBIs. I come to the conclusion that both the common meaning of intensifiers as focus particles and the common meaning of NHBIs of three languages can be represented by a simple logical formalism.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.105-119
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the program for the control of acute respiratory infections(ARI) in children in a Korean rural area(Yonchon county). Evaluating the program, we focused on the pattern of prescription and appropriateness of antibiotics prescribed by the health personnel who had participated in the ARI Control Program. It was implemented at the primary health care setting in rural area, such as district hospital, health subcenters, and health posts. During six-months programme monitoring period, medical records were reviewed and collected data were analysed by the pediatrician, research coordinator of this study. The baseline data were collected from medical records of the same period(six months) of one year before the implementation of the ARI programme. The study results were as follow : 1. Common cold was the most prevalent disease(78.7%. 594 cases) among the all ARI cases (755 cases). The less frequent cases were bronchitis(11.9%), acute pharyngitis(5.2%), and pneumonia(1.8%). 2. Significant reduction in the use of antibiotics was observed after the programme implementation. Ninety three(15.7%) of 594 common cold cases were received antibiotics compared with 282(35.2%) of 802 in the baseline period. In the cases of bronchitis and acute pharyngitis, the reduction rates were 15.1% and 23.2% respectively compared to the baseline period. 3. Mean duration of antibiotics prescription was 1.81-1.75 days, similar to the baseline data. 4. The appropriateness rate of antibiotics prescriptions were 84.3%(common cold), 35.6% (bronchitis) and 28.2%(acute pharyngitis). In the case of pneumonia, the antibiotics prescription was compatible to the criteria developed. 5. Pediatrician prescribed antibiotics more appropriately for all cases than general practitioners in health sub-center, and nurse practitioners in health posts. 6. Antibiotics therapy was shown to be of no effect in the treatment of the all ARI cases. At the 5 and 10 days check-up of common cold cases after visits, proportion of improved patients were 58.3% in the antibiotics-used group and 51.4% in the control group. In the other cases of ARI, the patterns of response were similar to common cold. None of the differences in outcome between the antibiotics-used and control group was statistically significant. This ARI programme may have substantial a substantial impact on antibiotics use at the public health institutions(district hospital, health subcenters, health posts) which are of major domain for primary health care in Korean rural areas.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.61-79
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the three aspects of the construction and common use of old document DB in the foreign countries: i) the processing of old documents, ii) the problem and improvement of DB systems of old documents. and iii) the common use of old document DB. Results from this research are as follows: The National Library of Korea(NLK) copied old documents in the foreign countries from 1982 to 2006 and published the brief catalog. The Reogang Publishing company issued four volumes catalogs of old document in Japan. The National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage(NRICH) investigated old books and published some catalogs of several organizations in Japan. America. France. and all. The National Institute of Korean History(NIKH) investigated old archives and published some catalogs of several organizations in Japan. The characteristics of the Korean Old and Rare Collection Information System(KORCIS) of the NLK, the Old Books Cultural Heritage in Overseas System of the NRICH. and the Korea History DB System and MF Catalog/ Image System of NIKH were described in the DB systems of old documents, the problems of DB systems were checked over and some alternatives were suggested. In the common use of old document DB, KORMARC format and description rules(draft) for archives should be revised to adopt a new standard such as KS editions. and all the institutes involved should thoroughly follow the standards. when creating bibliographic records and digitizing texts. It is necessary to educate and train the specialists of old documents. A government organization should be established to supervise all the procedures of developing technology for sharing digitized resources. using contents. and cooperating with the related internationl organizations and institutes.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.85-97
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• 2008

Objectives : Moxibustion therapy is one of the most popular oriental treatments in Korea. In this study, we operate the in-depth interview for use of moxibustion therapy in Korea. Methods : Survey questions were developed based on consensus of acupuncture professors. The list of the Korean medical doctors with experiences more than 10 years is provided by the Association of the Korean Oriental Medicine. The in-depth interview was conducted in 30 Korean medical doctors who answered in the previous telephone survey that they use moxibustion therapy for more than 30 % of patients everyday. Interview survey with them were conducted by the well-trained interviewers of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine in medical researcher from 22th May to 28th June 2007. Results : Korean medical doctors prefer to use the moxibustion with moxa stick (83.9%). The most common treatment disease was musculo-skeletal disorder (28.9%), gynecology (14.1%), digestive disorder (28.6%). The most common treatment area was the abdomen (35.3%), back (22.5%), lower extremity (15.8%) and upper extremity (16.9%). Indirect moxibustion’s was as frequent as 73.5% of moxibustion method. The most common instrument for treating was mini-moxa of manufactured goods (39.3%). Most Korean medical doctors (48.8%) took up the position that bring symptom relief following good treatment area. 'High preferences of patients' (32.7%) was one of moxibustion strong points but 'Lots of smell and smoke' (54.7%)' was a weak points. The most common side effects was the 'slight burn' (34.9%), 'skin rash' (22.5%), 'skin pruritus' (23.8%) Conclusions : This survey provides unique insight into the perception of the Korea medical doctor at moxibustion therapy. Future research needs to provide more in-depth insight into doctor views of the experience.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 1994

Anxiety and anxiety disorders are one of the most common and most serious psychiatric problems. Anti-anxiety drugs are one of the most effective treatment method for these problems. Benzodiazepines have various side-effects and the risk of overuse and abuse. Therefore, physicians should prescribe benzodiazepines carefully. However, they should not be discouraged from prescribing benzodiazepines when they have a knowledge of the pharmacological characteristics of these drugs and there is a clear indication for their use. Generally speaking, problems of benzodiazepine use such as dependence withdrawal symptoms, and cognitive impairment are more likely to occur with high dose, long-term use(more than 4 months), in geriatric patients and patients with a history of alcohol or other sustance abuse. But long-term or high-dose use can be jusified for patients with panic disorder of agoraphobia, and medically-ill patients with persistent anxiety that cannot be otherwise treated. In summary, there cannot be a general prescribing formulation for benzodiazepine use. Physician should always make their decision based on the individual patient's risk/benefit factors.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.39-46
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• 2003

Now we using purpose area rule of city planning code in city planning areas for efficient, economical use of land and increasement of common welfare. Architectural code restrict building purpose after each division of area and this aimed for making more comfortable and convenient living atmosphere in city environment. Through this research we extracted conclusion about purpose area distinction system and restriction of building purpose after examined changes and tendencies of these rules. And the conclusion is the changes of purpose area distinction system issued from 32 kinds of distinctions in 1978, 28, 30, 32 kinds of distinctions in 1992 to 21kinds of distinctions in 1999 are caused by demand of enabling different purposes of programs can exist within one building possible.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.95-104
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• 2009

The windows games and the console games that use DirectX occupied 20% or more of world game market and that are developed by C++ Language occupied 75% or more of the market. This study proposed that commonality and variability for code of the 20 projects based on DirectX and C++ is analysed and patternized, that common modules are created, and that modules are modeled. As a result of applying a case study, it is verified that the proposed model reduces effort in game development.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.62-65
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• 2002

Permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) are in-situ barriers constructed in a subsurface to treat contaminated groundwater using various reactive media. The common reactive medium used in PRB is zero-valent iron, which has been widely used to treat chlorinated solvents (i.e., PCE, TCE). A disadvantage of iron media is high cost. In this study, waste foundry sands were tested to determine the feasibility of their use as a low cost reactive medium. Batch and column tests were conducted with TCE to determine transport parameters and reactivity of the foundry sands. The reactivities of foundry sands for common groundwater contaminants are comparable to or slightly higher than those for Peerless iron, a common medium used in PRBs. In addition, the TOC and clay in foundry sands can significantly retard the movement of target contaminant, which may result in lower effluent concentration of contaminant due to biodegradation. In general, PRBs 1-m thick can be constructed with many foundry sands to treat TCE provided the zero-valent iron content in the foundry sand is higher than 1%.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.63-71
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• 2005

In the field of nuclear reactor safety study, common cause failures (CCFs) became significant contributors to system failure probability and core damage frequency in most Probabilistic risk assessments. However, it is hard to estimate the reliability of such a system, because of the dependency of components caused by CCFs. In order to analyze the system, we propose an analytic method that can find the parameters with lack of raw data. This study adopts the shock model in which the failure probability increases as the shock is cumulated. We use two-step Expectation and Maximization (EM) algorithm to find the unknown parameters. In order to verify the analysis result, we perform the simulation under same environment. This approach might be helpful to build the defensive strategy for the CCFs.