• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.397-404
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• 2009

Using rice husk ash as silica, the influence of the firing temperature and holding time on the color intensity of Pr-$ZrSiO_4$ pigments were investigated. The Pr-yellow pigments were calcined at 500, 700, 800, 900, 950, 1000, $1100^{\circ}C$ in a ceramic method. The synthesized pigments were characterized by DT-TG thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and SEMEDAX analysis. The relationship between the zircon phase-formation growth and Pr-yellow color development was evaluated and the optimum firing conditions were determined. The color of the pigment samples was characterized on the grounds of the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) standard procedure (CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ measurement) after an application on the bisque ceramic tile.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.250-257
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• 2007

Characteristics of color application indicated from Kirchsteigfeld is presented the various points of view to be preserved urban housing color. It had been handled as environmental color by view point of community and connectivity rather than color scheme of single housing. First, color to be consisted of basis for urban entirely as background color in urban housing complex has been indicated the bright and cheerful feelings and expressed to be introduced mostly from the single color system. Second, characteristics to be inhibited strongly from housing complex had been indicated by restricted four types of color, formulated the overall context and change through accent and the change from disposition of principal and the accessary of color scheme. In this case, it was not regular formulation, but as a whole category view, it could be provided by orderly regularity system strictly Particularly it had been applied as a whole for lightness change by single color, introduced the different color of building to be centered or remained by a visual point. This had been formed to introduction of color by stand points of housing group not introduction to color by sole concept of building. Third, emphasizing of morphologic feeling by using of difference of lightness, it could be indicated the mild and comfortable stereo-type sensibility from the overall types of housing, we could understand for formation of color code by lightness of slightly differences. Fourth, it had been taken the convenient adaptation method for maintenance of simple graphic system as a environmental color. It has considerable advantage for sustainability of color to indicate on finishing material, form and detail in architecture, as the sole separated color not to be complicated when to be painted over and again or managed continuously.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.863-877
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of dot pattern size(0.8, 1.8, 2.5, 5, 8), color combination (BG/R, Y/B), value tone(lt/dk, p/g), area-ratio on image information. Sets of stimulus and response scales(7 point semantic) were used as experimental materials. The stimuli were 20 color pictures manipulated with the combination of dot pattern size, color combination, value tone and area-ratio using computer simulation. The subjects were 240 female undergraduates living in Gyeongsangnam-do. Image factor of the stimulus was composed of 4 different components, visibility, chastity.feminity, cuteness and attractiveness. In the visibility, color combination, value tone, area-ratio, dot pattern size showed independent effect. In the chastity feminity, color combination, value tone, showed independent effect. In the cuteness, value tone, area-ratio, dot pattern size showed independent effect. Significant interaction effects of color and area-ratio combination on visibility and cuteness were found. Interaction efforts of color and value tone combination, value tone and area-ratio was significant on cuteness. For visibility image, BG/R combination of color and yellow background/blue dots were effective. For cuteness image, pale/grayish tone and background/dots area-ratio were effective.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.27.1-27.1
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• 2010

Globular cluster (GC) systems in most galaxies, particularly in ellipticals, show bimodal color distributions. Because broadband colors trace metallicity at old ages, this phenomenon has been commonly interpreted as bimodal metallicity distributions, implying the presence of two sub-populations in the globular cluster system within a galaxy. However, a new explanation has recently been proposed, in which the non-linear nature of color-metallicity relations induced by horizontal-branch stars can produce bimodal color distributions even from unimodal metallicity distributions. In this study, we put these two explanations to the test on the origin of color bimodality, using multi-band (U,B,V and I) photometry of globular clusters in NGC 1399, the central giant elliptical galaxy in Fornax galaxy cluster. We find significant changes in the morphology of color distributions when using different colors. The observation is also well reproduced by the Monte Carlo realization of GC color when a unimodal metallicity distribution and the theoretical non-linear color-metallicity relations are assumed. We discuss the implications regarding theories on galaxy formation and evolution.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.25-40
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• 2004

The rainbow has been considered as a perfect representative of color harmony in nature. In this study rainbow's colors include seven spectral colors and changeable colors according to observational angle. This study performed a bibliographical inquiry into rainbow colors and the survey research for classification of rainbow color images in fashion design. First, a bibliographical inquiry includes the definition of rainbow colors, physical formation principles of the rainbow, and its aesthetical attributes and symbolism. Second, this survey classifies rainbow color images in fashion design. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The rainbow was the religious and symbolic object before 17th century, and after that period, the rainbow became an aesthetical object. The main symbolic meanings are similar in eastern and western culture: temporary bridge between two world, divine nature, hope/beauty/richness, war/ death/flood/drought. 2. This survey shows that 6 main factors of rainbow color images in fashion design are 'vigorous', 'colorful'. 'fairy', 'fresh', 'mysterious', 'brilliant'. Rainbow color image in fashion design shows past and futuristic image at the same time. The purpose of this study is to systematized the images theoretical bases which are applied to color expression and of rainbow colors and to find out the development about rainbow theme by designers.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 1999

It has been known that spray characteristics have an important effect on the mixture formation and directly influence the engine performances and the emissions. Up to now, the measurement of droplet size is well developed such as PDPA and PMAS though the behavior of small droplets during secondary atomization is not clear. Particle image velocimetry(PIV), a planar measuring technique, is a very efficient tool for studying complicated behavior and a fast and reliable method to track numerous droplets during injection. In this study, two-color scanning PIV is designed to obtain quasi-instantaneous two dimensional velocity data by using he-ion laser, rotating mirror and beam splitter. This PIV method which has high temporal and spatial resolution provides the information about the small complex droplet behavior.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.18-27
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• 2002

Flame behavior in inner and outer the cavity and flame temperature have an important influence on the formation and oxidation of NOx and soot. Therefore, in this study, the combustion chamber of toroidal and reentrant that have different flow characteristics of inside and outside the cavity and load, and so forth are determined as parameters of experimental conditions. An attempt has been made to obtain the effect of flame temperature and KL value in idler and outer cavity on the formation and oxidation of soot using the two-color method.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.172-178
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• 2008

This paper described the study of a sphene-pink pigment based on $Cr_2O_3-SnO_2-CaO-SiO_2$ system exhibits stable pink-red color at high temperature. This study is focused on the optimization of the synthesis parameter such as temperature and holding time for the formation the Malayaite crystal. Malayaite crystal is sensitively influenced by the synthesizing temperature, maintaining time and contents of substituting chromium. The crystal phases formed at different temperatures exhibits various color. The optimum temperature is suggested at $1300^{\circ}C$ for 2 h and substituting contents of Cr for Sn is 0.01 mole. The maximum substituting contents is 0.02 mole based on analysis results by XRD, FT-IR, SEM and UV-vis.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.173-182
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• 1997

The instantaneous flame temperature and soot formation and oxidation in a D. I. diesel engine are measured by using a two-color method. The proposed method based on the continuous spectral radiation from the soot particles in flames is applicable to industrial diesel engines without major modifications of their main characteristics. Measurements are performed at one location inside the combustion chamber of a D.I. diesel engine. Effects of different engine speeds and loads on flame temperature and KL factor which is an index of soot concentrations were examined. A little temperature change were observed with increasing engine speed, while increased with loads. The higher the flame temperature is, the lower the KL factor is.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.29.3-29.3
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• 2009

Recent observations for the Galactic globular clusters (GCs) have shown that a number of GCs have characteristic features of multiple stellar populations, such as multiple main-sequences (MSs), splits in sub-giant branch (SGB), bimodal and/or extended horizontal branches (HBs). Based on the population synthesis models, we investigate star formation histories of the GCs with multiple populations, $\omega$ Cen, M54, NGC 1851, NGC 6388, NGC 6441, and NGC 2808, by comparing synthetic model color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) with observations. We adopt most up-to-date Yonsei-Yale (Y2) stellar evolutionary tracks and isochrones from MS to post-HB, as well as improved color-temperature transformations from the recent stellar atmosphere libraries. Our models show that the observed features can be naturally explained by assuming the presence of helium-enhanced subpopulations.