• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.336-343
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• 2013

Recently various types of driver assistance systems have been used for automobiles. In 2008, the U.S Congress passed a law which required that most cars be equipped with devices to warn objects behind the vehicle. Because of that, market of rear view cameras is expected to rise dramatically. Therefore many suppliers try to provide a wide angle camera for car makers. But a high distortion is caused by the wide angle might result in lower image quality. In order to improve the image quality, normally we use an algorithm to correct a distortion. Though we can improve the distorted image by correction algorithm, we must pay more cost to use it. In this paper, we propose a new optical system reducing a distortion in contrast to a conventional lens without cost. In other words, we can see only an area of interest. That is similar to reducing a field of view. Using a new optical system, we can get a less distorted image. In order to view an area of interest, we introduce an off axis optical system having refractive surfaces and reflective surfaces. In this paper, we describe the results of design and, evaluation of an off axis wide angle compact imaging system. In comparison to conventional wide angle lens, we can get the improvement of MTF, distortion, and lateral color aberrations. And we also can reduce a total cost because we don't need the outer apparatus or bracket to mount on the car.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.10B no.5
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• pp.535-542
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• 2003

This study is concerned with an assistive technology which reduces color blinds´s confusion when they access electronic documents including color objects in their computers. In this study, 1 restrict the assistive technology would apply to windows operating system, 256 color mode and implement to minimize color distortion which occurs in multi window environments because of color approximation process. As a basic palette, I use a 216 colors web safe palette which the Christine proposed as a standard for color blind, expand it to 256 colors to apply all computer displays using Microsoft Windows as its operating system and implement it as windows application. To test its effectiveness, I use a simulator for dichromats, as results of the test, the developed color vision deficiency correction S/W is effective to reduce the confusion. It is more effective to use the implemented S/W in both of design and client process for electronic documents.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.626-636
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to show a theoretical system of expressional area, the characteristics and the effects which is applied to fashion illustration by metaphor theory. The theoretical system of expressional area was analyzed by category analysis and 150 fashion illustrations from 1900 to 1999 were analyzed by contents analysis. The results of this study were as follows: Metaphor in fashion illustration was categorized to replacement, parody, heterogeneous combination, surrealism, magnification and reduction of size, optical illusion, juxtaposition and distortion of form. In detail, First, replacement was showed omission of form, non-object color, texture. Second, parody was showed using the part in artistic work, differentiation of original work. Third, heterogeneous combination was showed unreal body combining between animal and plant. Fourth, surrealism was showed creation of object which is impossible to present. Fifth, magnification and reduction of size was showed bizarre magnification of part of body, size of clothing. Sixth, optical illusion was showed ambiguity of object because of creation of new form. Seventh, juxtaposition was showed the parallel of contradicting idea and change of meaning between heterogeneous objects. Eighth, the distortion of form was showed grotesque distortion of part of body and disgusting object.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.431-442
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• 2018

2-dimensional barcode, QR code has been used for containing various information such as image, video, map, and business cards. Currently, a smartphone is used as a QR code scanner, displaying the code and converting it to a standard URL for a website. However, QR codes are not very common in encrypted application and so have a few applications. This paper proposes a new color-code, which integrates the conventional QR code and color design, and can be effectively used in some product certification system. The proposed method exploits the fact that genuine code is produced by CMYK color model, but the counterfeit is captured by RGB color model and during this process, color information of the code is changed. This paper introduces the color matrix model to measure the distortion between genuine code and counterfeit code. By investigating the statistical characteristics of color matrix, an effective detection of print image forgeries are designed. Various experiments with color codes show that the proposed system can be effectively used in product certification systems.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.429-438
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• 2012

This study presents two reversible data hiding schemes based on the coefficient shifting (CS) algorithm. The first scheme uses the CS algorithm with a mean predictor in the spatial domain to provide a large payload while minimizing distortion. To guard against manipulations, the second scheme uses a robust version of the CS algorithm with feature embedding implemented in the integer wavelet transform domain. Simulations demonstrate that both the payload and peak signal-to-noise ratio generated by the CS algorithm with a mean predictor are better than those generated by existing techniques. In addition, the marked images generated by the variant of the CS algorithm are robust to various manipulations created by JPEG2000 compression, JPEG compression, noise additions, (edge) sharpening, low-pass filtering, bit truncation, brightness, contrast, (color) quantization, winding, zigzag and poster edge distortion, and inversion.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.9
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• pp.127-135
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• 2013

In order to acquire images in low-light environments, it is usually necessary to adopt long exposure times or resort to flash lights. However, flashes often induce color distortion, cause the red-eye effect and can be disturbing to subjects. On the other hand, long-exposure shots are susceptible to subject-motion, as well as motion-blur due to camera shake when performed hand-held. A recently introduced technique to overcome the limitations of traditional low-light photography is that of multi-spectral flash. Multi-spectral flash images are a combination of UV/IR and visible spectrum information. The general idea is that of retrieving details from the UV/IR spectrum and color from the visible spectrum. However, multi-spectral flash images themselves are subject to color distortion and noise. This works presents a method to compute multi-spectral flash images so that noise can be reduced and color accuracy improved. The proposed approach is a previously seen optimization method, improved by the introduction of a weight map used to discriminate uniform regions from detail regions. The weight map is generated by applying canny edge operator and it is applied to the optimization process for discriminating the weights in uniform region and edge. Accordingly, the weight of color information is increased in the uniform region and the detail region of weight is decreased in detail region. Therefore, the proposed method can be enhancing color reproduction and removing artifacts. The performance of the proposed method has been objectively evaluated using long-exposure shots as reference.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.738-747
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• 2015

It is difficult to use a recognition algorithm of an image in a foggy environment because the color and edge information is removed. One of the famous defogging algorithm is haze removal by using 'Dark Channel Prior(DCP)' which is used to predict for transmission rate using color information of an image and eliminates fog from the image. However, in case that the image has factors such as sunset or yellow dust, there is overemphasized problem on the color of certain channel after haze removal. Furthermore, in case that the image includes an object containing high RGB channel, the transmission related to this area causes a misestimated issue. In this paper, we purpose an enhanced fog elimination algorithm by using improved color normalization and haze rate revision which correct mis-estimation haze area on the basis of color information and edge information of an image. By eliminating the color distortion, we can obtain more natural clean image from the haze image.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.819-830
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• 2017

This study aims to gather precise information on the real fabric color and texture, and purchasing intention of mobile shoppers buying clothes. Eighty volunteers participated in the sensory test on three smartphones with four colors and two fabrics-smooth taffeta and hairy doeskin. This study carried out the posteriori test using the one-way ANOVA and Duncan test by SPSS21.0. In the analysis' results of color preference, there were no differences among the four colors of taffeta between the smartphones, but different preferences between the red and yellow doeskin exist. In the case of the Samsung phone, which has an immense color distortion, the red fabric has a low color preference. In contrast, on the Apple phone yellow fabric had the highest preference because of its brightness. The Apple phone also has the highest purchasing intention of yellow colored taffeta, which is similar to the color preference results, although the real fabric has the opposite result. For doeskin, the real red and blue colored fabric has the highest purchasing intention. The Samsung phone has the biggest color mismatch with the real fabric. It also has the lowest purchasing intention of red taffeta fabric, while the LG phone has the lowest purchasing intention of blue fabric. Using the paired comparison method of the similarity between 'real' fabrics and the mobile version of fabric colors has a low similarity on all four colors of taffeta and doeskin fabrics. Therefore it can be concluded that phones do not represent the 'real' fabric color.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.36S no.10
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• pp.58-71
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• 1999

When the same image is displayed in many different devices, the reproduced colors are not same due to the differences in the gamut between devices. Therefore, many gamut mapping method were proposed to solve this problem. In this paper, color discrimination enhancement gamut mapping method using color distribution rearrangement is proposed to reduce the unnecessary distortions by compression mapping and to minimize the decrease of color discrimination by clipping method. The proposed method constructs color distribution, the 3-dimension array of input image's colors. if the maximum of color distribution is within the boundary of printer gamut. the colors are mapped to the same colors. Otherwise, out-of-gamut colors are compressed into the printer gamut with minimum distortion. Consequently, the printer output image was highly consistent with the corresponding monitor image and had an enhanced color discrimination in region where high chroma varied linearly.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.375-382
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• 2010

In this paper, we propose the simplified and improved system of One Color Detector to protect color distortion of simple color images in the processed of Auto White Balance (AWB). The proposed One Color Detector is based on Grayworld algorithm which controls color compensation except one color in simple image and widely applies for mobile phone camera because of high efficiency. This system can be suitable for diverse image size, and let user control the threshold in diverse size and environments compared with conventional system. Also the hardware size of the proposed system is reduced by 80% over that of the conventional one.