• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.487-503
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate residents' perceptions and attitudes towards Han-Ok based on a study of the characteristics and elements of Han-Ok that experts perceived. For the study, in-depth interviews were conducted and the data of 7 experts and 24 Han-Ok residents were analyzed. The results of the study were as follows. First, the characteristics of spatial arrangements are primarily emphasized and provide emotional stability for the residents. Placement on the ground, a suitable scale, appropriate openings and closures, hierarchical spatial system and a spatial relationship provide a feeling of comfort and protection. Second, the spaces and the materials of Han-Ok are considered the representative elements providing functionality and health. The close relationship between the inside and outside area makes the air naturally circulate and natural materials such as wood, soil, and paper have the function as natural ventilation, heat storage, and in the prevention of various illnesses. Third, residents in modern society put more of a value on experiences of natural environments that are usually impossible in the city. The simple and incomplete characteristics in using color, materials, and form, provide a culture of story telling and a leisurely lifestyle. Fourth, the cold and spatial inconvenience of Han-Ok are solved by partially using modernized equipment and material. The functionality of spatial systems in Han-Ok needs to be promoted in order to change the residents' perceptions of cold in Han-Ok.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37 no.6A
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• pp.458-463
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose a direct depth map acquisition method for the convergence camera array as well as the parallel camera array. The conventional methods perform image rectification to reduce complexity and improve accuarcy. However, image rectification may lead to unwanted consequences for the convergence camera array. Thus, the proposed method excludes image rectification and directly extracts depth values using the epipolar constraint. In order to acquire a more accurate depth map, occlusion detection and handling processes are added. Reasonable depth values are assigned to the obtained occlusion region by the distance and color differences from neighboring pixels. Experimental results show that the proposed method has fewer limitations than the conventional methods and generates more accurate depth maps stably.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.823-834
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• 2015

This study analysed motion graphic formative image composition of TV LED backdrop to be used as background display for performers such as singers appeared on TV music show. Motion graphic LED images are comprised of various plane figures, and backdrop's design function as background screen has a goal to convey synesthesia and sensibility of visual elements. And this analyse classified sensibility concept about color, motion direction and speed to be elements of transmitting sensibility. As the analyse of graphic form among transmitting sensibility elements, this classified form type into its' applied elements, and studied how these elements' motion pattern and arrangement could be placed and replaced at song's four step composition, intro, verse, bridge, chorus part, and also characterized differences of backdrop design for male and female performers. As a case study, it included terrestial broadcasting TV song ranking shows targeted at teenagers. Because they carried out various motion design utilizations. Finally, this reasoned out mainly designing form type, its' applied elements, motion pattern and its' arrangements type division according to the song developing four steps.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.327-335
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• 2019

In the 1970s, Korea actively produced so many animated works which is called the "golden age" of korean animation. However, Korea imported and subcontracted foreign animations than creating original works and, there has been a constant controversy that many of the korean animations imitated foreign works. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the factors that caused this and its patterns, focusing on works suspected of plagiarism in Korean animation during the 1970s and 1980s. First, the focus will be on the definition and composition of plagiarism in art creation, secondly, on the political-ideological, industrial-administrational, production-structural, and copyright awareness aspects of the factors of plagiarized animation. Thirdly, 30 korean animations produced at the time will be analyzed on the degree of design theft and plagiarism based on six criteria focusing on characters' shapes and color arrangements. By analyzing the social factors and patterns of plagiarism, this study aims to provide a social and cultural understanding of academic value about the process of korean animation's development.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.139-161
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• 2002

This study investigates the characteristics of Nordic sweaters works from a historical perspective. Specifically, this study deals with the following research topics: 1) development of Nordic sweaters, 2) the characteristics of Nordic sweaters industry according to the change of times, 3) the comparison of local knitting patterns, 4) the symbolic meaning of the designs in the Nordic sweaters and patterns. The results of the study are summarized as follows. 1. Knitted work developed mostly in Northern Europe, a cold area, and the barren, mountainous coastal areas where people frequently used woolen materials for clothes. It was also developed in Scandinavian regions which lead the fashion in modern days. Scandinavian knitting techniques have been diffused into the east coast of England and Northern Europe by Vikings. 2. Scandinavian countries are distinguished from other countries by their conservative but creative cultural tradition. Their knitting patterns are characterized by small geometric figures such as dots, triangles, squares, rhombuses, and crosses used often with stars and roses. Scandinavian knitting is also salient for its vertical stripes and simple motifs repeating at short intervals. 1) Norway ; Simple and geometric Norwegian patterns are classified into three groups of motifs: (a) the motifs of cross, diamond, X, and swastika (equation omitted). (b) the motifs of human figures, animals and birds, (c) floral motifs (especially eight-petal roses). Their use of color is also simple, and is limited to more than two colors. (2) Sweden ; Swedish patterns are colorful and geometric. They are characterized by features such as brocade, complex embroidery, and contrast of red and black colors. They also show Guernsey patterns. Initials and production years were knitted in sweaters which have different patterns in their trunks and sleeves. 3) Denmark ; The Danish pattern is the purl stitch knitted against the stockinette stitch. The technique is used to copy woven damask motifs. The patterns are seen most clearly when they are knit with smooth yarn. The Faeroe sweaters are the representative work of Danish knitting. Faeroe knitting, incorporates stranded pattern and is knit in the round, either with circular needles. 4) Finland ; Finnish patterns are similar to Norwegian patterns. Finnish knitted work show very colorful, variety and free-flowing geometric patterns. 5) Iceland ; Icelandic knitting shows original ribbon pattern. Lope sweater is the representative work. 3. The traditional knitting patterns not only carried symbolic meanings but also served as means of communication. First of all, patterns had incantatory meanings. Patterns were symbolic of one's social standing, too. The colors, motifs and their arrangements were very important features symbolizing one's social position or family line. People often communicated by certain pieces of knitted work or patterns. In short, the knitted work in the Nordic sweaters served the function of admiring the beauty of nature and symbolizing various meanings. The unique designs and colors of the knitted work reflected the characteristics of the culture those works belonged to. This study also turns our attention to the issue of how the traditional colors and designs of the knitted work can contribute to the development of modern designs, and by doing so, if makes us realize the importance of knitted works in modern society.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.81-96
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• 2013

Video information retrieval has become a very important issue because of the explosive increase in video data from Web content development. Meanwhile, content-based video analysis using visual features has been the main source for video information retrieval and browsing. Content in video can be represented with content-based analysis techniques, which can extract various features from audio-visual data such as frames, shots, colors, texture, or shape. Moreover, similarity between videos can be measured through content-based analysis. However, a movie that is one of typical types of video data is organized by story as well as audio-visual data. This causes a semantic gap between significant information recognized by people and information resulting from content-based analysis, when content-based video analysis using only audio-visual data of low level is applied to information retrieval of movie. The reason for this semantic gap is that the story line for a movie is high level information, with relationships in the content that changes as the movie progresses. Information retrieval related to the story line of a movie cannot be executed by only content-based analysis techniques. A formal model is needed, which can determine relationships among movie contents, or track meaning changes, in order to accurately retrieve the story information. Recently, story-based video analysis techniques have emerged using a social network concept for story information retrieval. These approaches represent a story by using the relationships between characters in a movie, but these approaches have problems. First, they do not express dynamic changes in relationships between characters according to story development. Second, they miss profound information, such as emotions indicating the identities and psychological states of the characters. Emotion is essential to understanding a character's motivation, conflict, and resolution. Third, they do not take account of events and background that contribute to the story. As a result, this paper reviews the importance and weaknesses of previous video analysis methods ranging from content-based approaches to story analysis based on social network. Also, we suggest necessary elements, such as character, background, and events, based on narrative structures introduced in the literature. We extract characters' emotional words from the script of the movie Pretty Woman by using the hierarchical attribute of WordNet, which is an extensive English thesaurus. WordNet offers relationships between words (e.g., synonyms, hypernyms, hyponyms, antonyms). We present a method to visualize the emotional pattern of a character over time. Second, a character's inner nature must be predetermined in order to model a character arc that can depict the character's growth and development. To this end, we analyze the amount of the character's dialogue in the script and track the character's inner nature using social network concepts, such as in-degree (incoming links) and out-degree (outgoing links). Additionally, we propose a method that can track a character's inner nature by tracing indices such as degree, in-degree, and out-degree of the character network in a movie through its progression. Finally, the spatial background where characters meet and where events take place is an important element in the story. We take advantage of the movie script to extracting significant spatial background and suggest a scene map describing spatial arrangements and distances in the movie. Important places where main characters first meet or where they stay during long periods of time can be extracted through this scene map. In view of the aforementioned three elements (character, event, background), we extract a variety of information related to the story and evaluate the performance of the proposed method. We can track story information extracted over time and detect a change in the character's emotion or inner nature, spatial movement, and conflicts and resolutions in the story.