• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.309-319
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• 2009

This study's goal is to analyze the color characteristics of Blue used in men's fashion for design developing process. First, we researched the previous studies and examined documents about color characteristics of Blue in general as well as coloration in fashion design and men's fashion. We composed color samples by collecting two-color coloration used in men's fashion collection for 5 years from 2004 S/S to 2008 F/W through a specialized fashion information web-sites. We limited the colors from Blue Green(BG) to Purple Blue(PB). Second, we analyzed the characteristics of hue combination and tone combination. A total of 351 pictures were collected and RGB and HV/C value were converted with Munsell Conversion program(ver.8.0.1). Color data has been sorted to 10 hues and 12 PCCS tones. From this, we were able to figure out that similar/same hue coloration was used more than contrary hue coloration and similar/same tone coloration was used more than contrary tone coloration for Blue. We've limited Blue coloration characteristics of men's fashion to two-color coloration for an analysis; the succeeding study will need to examine on the characteristics of multi-coloration and detailed Blue coloration image by various garments.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.5 s.164
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• pp.801-812
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• 2007

In this research, 128 stimuli of same-color coloration of lipstick and clothing were evaluated to the degree of harmony in the coordination of makeup and clothing color depending on the combination of eyeshadow color, lipstick color, lipstick tone, clothing style, and clothing tone. As to the brown eyeshadow, vivid lipstick and vivid, dull clothing, dull lipstick and light, dull, dark clothing, dark lipstick and dull, dark clothing among the combinations of red lipstick and clothing, vivid lipstick and vivid, light, dark clothing, dull lipstick and light, dull, dark clothing, dark lipstick and dark, clothing among the combinations of orange lipstick and clothing were evaluated as harmonious coloration regardless of the clothing style. As to the violet eyeshadow, vivid lipstick and vivid clothing, dull lipstick and light, dark clothing, dark lipstick and dull, dark clothing among the combinations of red lipstick and clothing, vivid lipstick and vivid, dull clothing, dull lipstick and vivid, light, dull clothing, dark lipstick and vivid, dull, dark clothing among the purple lipstick and clothing were evaluated as harmonious coloration regardless of the clothing style. Thus, the degree of harmony cannot only be different according to the clothing style even in the same coloration, but also the same clothing style can be perceived to be different degree of harmony depending on how the color and tone of clothing and lipstick are coordinate.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.144-153
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• 2012

This study performed a simultaneous sensory evaluation and color measurement, targeting 136 female university students who live in the Dae-Jeon region. the study measured participants'facial coloration under the condition of available light between 11 AM and 3 PM from Spring (May) to Autumn (October) in 2009. For statistical analysis, descriptive statistics, a member variate analysis, and discriminant analysis were executed using SPSS version 18.0 of the statistics program. The results of this study are as follows. First, as a result of the sensory evaluation, the blue undertone well matched to face type was dominantly distributed among the female university student participants. Second, the forehead showed a type of yellowish coloration and was relatively dark to cheeks. However the cheek displayed a reddish coloration and was relatively bright compared to the forehead from an evaluation of a cheek and forehead color measurement. Third, due to the investigation the of facial coloration variable, a yellowish and reddish chromaticity on the cheek were evident as a variable of facial coloration, which has an influence on the classification of the types of facial color. As a result of the induced discriminant through these two color variables, the yellowish chromaticity appeared as a color variable to have a greater influence than the reddish chromaticity on the cheek.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.5 s.207
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• pp.107-115
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• 2005

The purpose of this research was to compare the harmony of tone on tone coloration according to transformation of color area-ratio in traditional Korean dress. The respondents were asked to evaluate 36 stimuli of the traditional Korean skirt and jacket with different color tone. The subjects were 83 female undergraduate students. The results are as follows. For red colors, combinations of vivid/dull, vivid/dark, and light/dark made a difference in the harmony of coloration according to the transformation of color area-ratio. For yellow colors, combinations of vivid/dark, light/dull, and light/dark made a difference in the harmony of coloration according to the transformation of color area-ratio. For green colors, combinations of vivid/dull, vivid/dark, light/dull, and light/dark made a difference in the harmony of coloration according to the transformation of color area-ratio.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.138-144
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• 2007

The purpose of this research was to compare the harmony of tone on tone coloration according to transformation of color area-ratio in shirt and necktie. The respondents were asked to evaluate 48 stimuli of the shirt and necktie with the coloration of the shirt/necktie, the necktie/shirt was separately compounded to be 4 tones such as vivid, light, dull, dark. The subjects were 288 female undergraduate students. The data was analyzed by using SPSS program. Analysis methods were ANOVA, LSD test and t-test. The results of each can be summerized as follows. As to the red, combination of v-lt made a difference in the harmony of coloration according to the transformation of color area-ratio. As to the blue, combination of v-lt, v-dk, lt-d made a difference in the harmony of coloration according to the transformation of color area-ratio. As to the purple, v-lt, v-d was evaluated as harmonized coloration regardless of area-ratio by both male and female students. As to the green, v-lt, lt-d was evaluated as harmonized coloration regardless of area-ratio by both male and female students.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.133-143
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the clothing image according to gender, coloration of chromatic and achromatic color, and interval of checked pattern. The experimental materials developed for this study were a set of stimulus and response scales. The stimuli were 16 color pictures, in which the gender(male, female), interval(0.5cm, 1.5cm, 3.5cm, 5.5cm), and coloration(WR: white+red, WY: white+yellow, WB: white+Blue, WP: white+purple) were manipulated. The 7-point scale was used for evaluation of clothing image. Data were obtained from 192 male college students and 192 female college students living in Seoul, Gwangju, Daegu, Jinju, and Changwon on March 2010. For data analysis, ANOVA and Duncan-test were used by using SPSS program. Results of this study were as follows.; Clothing image according to coloration of chromatic and achromatic color, and interval of checked pattern consisted of six dimensions of attractiveness, appeal, activity, freshness, modesty, and cuteness. Gender showed an independent effect on attractiveness, appeal, activity, freshness, and cuteness. Interval showed an independent effect on attractiveness. Coloration showed an independent effect on appeal, activity, freshness, modesty, and cuteness. Also, interaction effects of gender and coloration on freshness and cuteness were found.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.17-26
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• 2005

In this research, in order to find out the effect of the area ratio in the harmonic sense assessment of the coloration of Korean clothes, the coloration of a Korean jacket and a skirt was compounded with a similar coloration and a contrast coloration. The respondents were asked to evaluate 16 stimuli of the traditional Korean skirt and jacket with the coloration of the Korean jacket/ skirt, the skirt/ Korean jacket was separately compounded to be 4 tones such as vivid, light, dull, dark. The subjects were 44 female undergraduate students. The results of each can be summerized as follows. As to similar coloration, the korean yellow jacket and red skirt, Korean students feel vivid and dull tone was harmonious, and American students feel vivid, light, and dark tone were harmonious coloration. In inversed case, red korean jacket and yellow skirt, both countries' students recognized that the vivid tone was harmonious. Korean students gave higher points to korean traditional dress in similar coloration such as yellow korean jacket which was small area and red skirt which was large area coloration than inversed color area ratio which red korean jacket and yellow skirt. As to contrast coloration, the korean green jacket and red skirt, Korean students feel vivid tone was harmonious, and American students feel vivid, dark tone were harmonious coloration. In inversed case, red korean jacket and green skirt were recognized that any tone was not harmonious for both countries' students. Both countries of student showed the culture gap. Compared with American students, Korean students were familiar with korean dress's traditional coloration, as a result familiar coloration was recognized harmonious coloration.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.147-154
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the clothing image according to coloration, tone, and interval of checked pattern in color contrast. The experimental materials developed for this study were a set of stimulus and response scales. The stimuli were 24 color pictures, in which coloration(RB: Red+Blue, YP: Yellow+Purple), tone(light, dull, dark), and interval(0.5 cm, 1.5 cm, 3.5 cm, 5.5 cm) were manipulated. The 7-point scale was used for evaluation of clothing image. Data were obtained from 240 female college students living in Seoul, Gwangju, Jinju, and Masan on May 2010. For data analysis, ANOVA and Duncan-test were used by using SPSS program. Results of this study were as follows.; Clothing image according to coloration, tone, and interval of checked pattern consisted of five dimensions of attractiveness, freshness, appeal, modesty, and activity. Coloration showed an independent effect on attractiveness and appeal. Tone showed an independent effect on freshness, appeal, and modesty. Interval showed an independent effect on freshness. Also, interaction effects of coloration and tone on appeal were found. Interaction effects of coloration and interval on modesty were found.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.1297-1309
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of shirt color, tie color, tone, perceiver' gender on impression formation by applying tone-in-tone coloration of shirt and necktie: coloration of two colors. This experiment was designed to utilize the $2{\times}6{\times}4{\times}2$ factorial designs. and they are shirt color(red, blue), tie color(red, yellow red, yellow, green, blue, purple), tone(vivid, light, dull, dark), and perceiver' gender(a male, a female). The experimental materials developed for this study were a set of stimulus and response scales. The stimuli were 48 upper body photographs which were color outputs by CAD system(4D-box program). The subjects of this research were 288 male and 288 female college students. There were established impression dimension from factor analysis 27 bi-polar adjectives and investigated the effect of interaction between each variable affected impression formations. The items of the adjectives are classified into 4 Impression dimensions: activity, potency, attractiveness, and tenderness. Shirt color, tie color, tone, and perceiver' gender influenced on impression formation. Specially, tie color and tone influenced on the 4 impression dimension greatly by interaction as well as independently. As a result tie is very important clue of impression formation in tone-in-tone coloration of shirt and necktie. Even though tie occupies only a small area in men's clothes it has great effect since it is close to the face.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.399-407
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the visual images of shirts according to coloration and the interval of checked patterns. The experimental stimulus and questionnaires for scaling response were developed for this study. The stimuli were 12 color pictures, in which the gender, coloration(WG: white+gray, WK: white+black, GK: gray+black), and interval(0.5 cm, 1.5 cm, 3.5 cm, 5.5 cm) were manipulated. The 7-point rating scale was used for evaluation of the visual image. Data were obtained from 144 male college students and 144 female college students living in Gyeonggi, Gyeongnam, Seoul, Gwangju, Daegu, and Busan on December 2009. For data analysis, ANOVA and the Duncan-test were used by using the SPSS program. The results of this study were as follows; the visual images for shirts according to the coloration and interval of checked patterns consisted of four dimensions of attractiveness, appeal, youth, and modesty. Gender was the main factor when looking at attractiveness. Coloration had the main effect on appeal, youth, and modesty. Also, there was a significant interaction effect of gender and coloration on attractiveness, while there was a significant interaction effect of coloration and interval on modesty.