• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to find out the color preference on rural rooftop color. Today, public profit value of a rural community has been heavily recognized in the areas of preservation of pro-environmental and traditional life styles and foundation of collective community. Comparatively with urban, rural town conserves the scenic of those days when the historic landscape existed. Therefore, elements of historic and tradition in rural town are interesting resources to people who want traditional experience. Color is one of the most influenced elements for the image of Landscape. On the other hand, radical modernization has brought conflicting color element that does not blend with existing environmental color. Among others, roof represents one of the important traits of rapidly developing rural community due to vast amount of space it covers. In order to come up with more appropriate coloring scheme, it is necessary determine color that forms a balance with present conditions of rural life and historic landscape. This study provides more objective rooftop coloring selection process by employing additional surveys regarding color image adjective. I justified necessity of the balance between environmental color and roof color through analyzing correlation between environmental color of the rural town and Color Image Scale of the preliminary selection of roofs.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.506-512
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• 1998

In order to replance systhetic colors by natural colors as food additive, properties of Gardenia yellow color and Gardenia blue color were compared with Food yellow No. 4 and Food blue No. 1. Color differeance between Food yellow No. 4 and Gardenia yellow color was 7.55. Thermal stability of Food yellow No. 4 was above 99%. On the other hand, in case of Gardenia yellow color, showed adove 90% of residual color units in 8$0^{\circ}C$$\times$30min and 10$0^{\circ}C$$\times$30min at pH 7.0 but 75% in 121$^{\circ}C$$\times$15min. Difference of light stability between Food yellow No. 4 and gardenia yellow color was about 18%. Addition of ascorbic acid was increased about 6% in light stability. Color difference between Food blue No. 2 and Gardenia blue color was 107. Thermal stability of Food blue No. 2 was above 99%. But Gardenia blue color showed 92% of residual color units in 8$0^{\circ}C$$\times$30min and 10$0^{\circ}C$$\times$30min at pH 7.0 but 90% in 121$^{\circ}C$$\times$15min. Difference of light stability between Food blue No. 4 and Gardenia blue color was about 8%. Addition of -tocopherol was increased about 4% in light stability of Gardenia blue color.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.65-80
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• 2007

The input and output device requires precise color representation and CMS (Color Management System) because of the increasing number of ways to apply the digital image into electronic publishing. However, there are slight differences in the device dependent color signal among the input and output devices. Also, because of the non-linear conversion of the input signal value to the output signal value, there are color differences between the original copy and the output copy. It seems necessary for device-dependent color information values to change into device-independent color information values. When creating an original copy through electronic publishing, there should be color management with the input and output devices. From the devices' three phases of calibration, characterization and color conversion, the device-dependent color should undergo a color transformation into a device-independent color. In this paper, an experiment was done where the input device used the linear multiple regression and the sRGB color space to perform a color transformation. The output device used the GOG, GOGO and sRGB for the color transformation. After undergoing a color transformation in the input and output devices, the best results were created when the original target underwent a color transformation by the scanner and digital camera input device by the linear multiple regression, and the LCD output device underwent a color transformation by the GOG model.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.191-195
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to identify the change of perception and preference of color according to time passage. The subjects were university students and for the survey 257 questionnaires in 1998 and 522 questionnaires in 2005 were effectively used to compare the perception and preference of color between the both period. The statistics was performed with frequency analysis and independent t-test in SPSS 10.0. The results were as follows. 1) Color perception according to time passage showed significant differences in red, yellow, green, and blue color. 2) Color preference according to time passage showed significant differences in red, green, and blue color. 3) Color perception among three regions according to time passage showed significant differences in red color in Seoul, yellow color in Seoul, Mokpo and Jeju, green color in Seoul and Mokpo, blue color in Seoul, Mokpo and Jeju, and purple color in Seoul. 4) Color preference among three regions according to time passage showed significant differences in yellow color in Mokpo, green and blue color in Seoul, Mokpo and Jeju.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.68-83
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• 2020

This study suggests a method to predict the color appearance of textiles that shifts depending on illumination variations. The suggested method allows the calculations of lightness, chroma, and hue appearance values from the spectral reflectance values of the textile and illuminant. The accuracy of the method was evaluated through numerical and statistical comparisons between the predicted and the measured color appearance values of 24 fabric samples under CIE standard illuminant D65. As a result, there were excellent agreements between the two data sets with the error values close to zero. The predicted color appearance values of 24 samples under two illuminating (color temperature-luminance) conditions, 2700 K-100 cd/㎡ and 6500 K-100 cd/㎡, were then compared to prove the significant effect of illumination on the color appearance of textiles. The color appearance values were also compared with spectrophotometrically measured physical color attributes, that is, true colors of the samples. The physical color attributes of samples were unchanged; however, differences in color appearance under different conditions were generally much larger than the suprathreshold color difference tolerances discussed in the color science literature. Finally, the magnitude of the illumination effect depending on the physical color attributes of samples was also analyzed.

• Food Quality and Culture
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 2008

Color is one of the most important attributes determining the purchase of food products by consumers. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify consumer color preferences for songpyun, a traditional Korean rice cake, by a consumer acceptance test and using coated Pantone color chips. Color evaluation tools for the study were developed accordingly. From the results, the songpyun sample designated as product E was given the highest color acceptability score, and was 'slightly liked' (p<0.05). The color of product E was 'very pale red-purple'. All the evaluated pink-color songpyun products were based on this red-purple hue, however, they had differences in tone. The consumer panel favored a pale tone over a bright tone. The color concept for traditional songpyun within the pink color category was identified as 'very pale red-purple', using coated Pantone color chips. This result for the conceptual color preference was consistent with that of the consumer color acceptance test. Thus, color chips could be an effective tool when applied for color standardization in traditional foods production. From the overall results, it seems consumers are perceiving color trends and are willing to adapt to such changes in food applications.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.535-546
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• 2010

Digital images have undesired color casts due to various illumination conditions and intrinsic characteristics of cameras. Since the color casts in the images deteriorate performance of color representations, color correction is required for further analysis of images. In this paper, an algorithm for detection and removal of color casts is presented. The proposed algorithm consists of four steps: retrieving similar image using color by correlation, extraction of near neutral color regions, kernel density estimation, and removal of color casts. Ambiguities in near neutral color regions are excluded based on kernel density estimation by the color by correlation algorithm. The method determines whether there are color casts by chromaticity distributions in near neutral color regions, and removes color casts for color constancy. Experimental results suggest that the proposed method outperforms the gray world algorithm and the color by correlation algorithm.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.1 no.1 s.1
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• pp.27-47
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• 2003

This research is to build the foundation of systematic application of color in cosmetology by analyzing color attributes in women's makeup presentation. The result were as follows. 1. The most popular color series in make up were R then RP and YR. The most popular color tone is 'd' and 'lt'. 2. Colors in make up according to age was as follows. For eye shadow, people aged 18 to 24 used 'lt' tone of the R color series; people aged 25 to 34 used 'lt', 's', 'sf tone of the R color series, 'lt' tone of the PB color series, 'lt' tone of the YR color series; people over 35 'g' tone of the YR color series, 'sf' tone of the P color series. For lipstick, people aged 18 to 24 used 'd' tone of the R color series; people aged 25 to 34 used 'd', 'sf' tone of the R color series; people over 35 used 'd' tone of the R color series. For lip-gloss, people aged 18 to 24 used 'v', 'lt', 'b', 's' tone of the R color series; people aged 25 to 34 used 's' 'd' 'dp' 'sf' tone of the R color series; people over 35 used 'b' tone of the R color series. 3. Make up colors according to marital status was as follows. For eye shadow, while married interviewees used 's', 'dk' tone of the R color series, single interviewees used 'lt', 'sf' tone of the R color series. For lipstick, while married interviewees used 'd', 'g' tone of the R color series, single interviewees preferred to use madder 'd', 'sf' tone of the R color series. For lip-gross, while married interviewees used 'd' tone of the R color series, single interviewees used 'b' tone of the R color series the most.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.25-38
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• 2003

The main problems of disordered and congested urban landscape are due to the lack of holistic management that can control various elements of forming a city. Especially, the color of urban landscape is problematic because it is related to individual and social characteristics as well as to physical characteristics. Therefore, temporary expedients that can solve only visualized problems can not be a proper solution for color problems of urban landscape. This study originated from the question about why the color of disordered and congested urban landscape has not been improved. This study aims at directly improving the urban environmental color by finding out what the actual problems related to color are, and what the solutions would be. The goal of this study is to find a holistic systematic problem-solving method. Problems of urban environmental color are identified from both literature review and questionnaires to the expert group, such as environmental planning, design group, and the landscape executive group. Through mapping of relationships among these problems, the intellectual map was made to layout the structures of problems. Based on this method, the structures of problems of urban environmental color were classified into 5 categories: 1) the items related to the administrative structure, 2) the items related to the color management goal and system, 3) the items related to the color planning and design phase, 4) the items related to the color consulting committee, and 5) the items related to the present state of color use. Thus, in order to solve the color problem in urban landscape, practical strategy is strongly required. It is not a temporary expedient but a holistic approach. The solution for the problems of urban environmental color could be divided into 6 types; ‘regulations amendment’,‘color standard amendment’,‘color management plan’,‘color education’, and ‘advertisement for the goal of color management’. Regulations amendment among these types was proposed as the most effective method due to the close relationship with problem categories. Thus, as the solution for the problems of urban environmental color, the ‘color management system’ was suggested. Detailed contents the suggested color management system were divided into three parts; 1) legislation by regulations, ordinance and acts, 2) management by controling the level of guidelines, and 3) the standards for execution of this system.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.98-110
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• 2013

This research is to study the functional color arrangement of work clothes based on the color chroma value arrangement, which could affect the safety of workers at the site of the mechanical industry. For the study, 5PB hue, indicating a high satisfaction level with proper colors at the site of the mechanical industry, were selected from previous research for 6 types of CAD simulation on a 2-color chroma value arrangement. To analyze the color data of each color arrangement after applying the color chroma value arrangement as well as to figure out the level of recognition on the color arrangement, an analytical result, which was based on the NCS color system, was evaluated. Furthermore, the survey study on items regarding the safety of the relevant work site for the simulated result was executed. As a result of the evaluation, the color arrangements which include high color chroma value indicated a high satisfactory level in all items under the visibility criteria for the safety of workers, propriety as a color arrangement of work clothes, and safety from the perspective of work site management. In particular, the color arrangement mixture between high color chroma obtained the highest satisfactory evaluation, indicating that the color arrangement of high color chroma is essential in the color arrangement of work clothes for the establishment of safety by adjusting the color chroma value. Yet, in order to figure out the independent function of the color chroma value, other factors are restricted in this study. Thus, it is not proper to apply the result of this study only at the actual work site. Therefore, a follow-up research centered on the tones of all three types is proposed, from which we can expect, a suggestion of the applicable color guideline for the industrial site.