• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2004

Objectives: The purpose of this study was clinical review of pediatric patients with fracture that visited oriental medicine center. Methods: In retrospective study, the pediatric patients, who were visited to oriental medicine center due to fracture, were classified by sex, age, fracture site, date of accident, injury mechanism, time of treatment, kind of treatment. Results and Conclusion: Total 32 patients were visited due to fracture from April 2001 to March 2004. Male Patients were 27, female were 5. In distribution of age, 10 year-old and 11 year-old were 40.7% of totality. In distribution of month, May was 10(31.3%), June was 6(18.8%), and March was 4(12.5%). There are more patients with fracture in spring than other season. In distribution of fracture site, foot was 15(46.9%), hand was 7(21.9%), ankle was 4(12.5%), upper extremity was 3(9.4%), clavicle was 2(6.3%), tibia was 1(3.1%). In distribution of injury mechanism, slip down was 23(71.9%), impaction 5(15.6%), fall down 3(19.4%), crushing injury 1(13.1%). In distribution of injury motive, soccer was 8(25.0%), basketball 4(12.5%), skating 3(9.4%), cycling 2(6.3%), sliding 1(3.1%), Tae-kwon-do 1(3.1%), other sports 5(15.6%), collision 1(3.1%), walking 2(6.3%), hit 3(9.4%), etc. 2(6.3%). In distribution of treatment account, one time was 23(71.9%), twice 3(9.4%), three times 2(6.3%), four times 2(6.3%), five times 2(6.3%). In distribution of treatment time, 1 week was 26(81.3%), 2 weeks 4(12.5%), 3 weeks 2(6.3%). In distribution of treatment kind, acupuncture treatment was 18(56.3%), negative cupping 7(21.9%), splint 13(40.6%), and other treatment(coban taping, medical patch, and so on) 5(15.6%), transfer 14(43.8%).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2009

The 21st century is often referred to as maritime age. The sea is a rich repository of natural resources, comfort shelters and the hopes and dreams of human being. But there is always possibility of disaster as well as hopes and dreams. Although there have been many advances in the ship building technology, the risk of accidents is on the increase due to the increase of maritime traffic and the revitalization of marine leisure. I like to refer to the systematic search and rescue system for the rapid response by analyzing recent marine accidents. For the safe navigation, it is necessary to establish institutional systems such as ship technology, navigation equipments, excellent human resources, traffic control, etc. and navigation components also have to be well organized each other. It is also necessary to build a prompt accident management system. The search and rescue system for the rapid response and the way of reducing the incidence of marine accidents were reviewed through the analysis of recent marine accidents.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.41-46
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• 2005

It have been known that the probability of accidental happening in towing-barge is higher than that of other merchant vessels. Because the towing-barge is restricted in thier manoeuvring ability due to its towingline. A report from ministry maritime affairs and fisheries said that the rate of collision accident for towing-barge is $40\%$ high tlnn other transport system in sea. A number of researches have been carried out to improve the safety policy in the towing-barge sea transportation system by the gorvernment. This study examined the safety status in domestic towing-barge sea transportation system The registration status, safety operational policy and post accidental data were also examined A survey research of experts relating to towing-barge operation also was carried out to find the detailed of safety status. This study would be applicable to set up safety policy for towing-barge marine transportation system.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.47-52
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• 2005

It have been known that the probability of accidental happening in towing-barge is higher than that of other merchant vessels. Because the towing-barge is restricted in thier manoeuvring ability due to its towingline. A report from ministry maritime affairs and fisheries said that the rate of collision accident for towing-barge is $40\%$ high than other transport system in sea A number of researches have been carried out to improve the safety policy in the towing-barge sen transportation system by the gorvernment This study examined the safety status in domestic towing-barge sen transportation system The registration status, safety operational policy and post accidental data were also examined. A survey research of experts relating to towing-barge operation also was carried out to find the detailed of safety status. This study would be applicable to set up safety policy for towing-barge marine transportation system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.229-231
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• 2018

As autonomous vehicle technology has been gradually developed, robots that have introduced autonomous navigation systems have been actively involved in areas where there is a lot of livelihoods such as industrial sites and accident sites. For this reason, the unmanned transportation system equipped with the autonomous traveling system is widely used in harmful environments where human access is difficult. In addition, the introduction of the autonomous driving system reduces the collision and casualties that occur in a mobility environment like the industrial field, and it helps the efficient work process. In addition, autonomous driving vehicles can be handled more safely and quickly in a wider area by transmitting the surrounding environment of each vehicle to a server connected to each autonomous driving vehicle and passing it through the main server. In this paper, by utilizing V2X communication for autonomous unmanned forklift system, it can increase industrial workload, reduce loss of life and damage to property through wide area forklifts.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.9-17
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• 2011

It is possible to set up the Roadside Barrier which is suitable for Performance Evaluation Criteria by domestic standard. But a number of section of expressway roadside have old guardrail that was installed before reform the guideline. These poor performance guardrails threaten driver's life. There is lots of difficult problem to change old guardrails that are installed 2,777km in expressway of whole road side at the same time. Especially budget problem. The purpose of study is to develop performance improvement guardrails by the minimum reinforcement. In this study, guardrail improvement method(SB1, 3, 5 grade) is developed through crash simulation using LS-DYNA 3D and vehicle crash test. And it's expected not only to decrease of collision accident but to increase safe level. Of course one thing that can't be missing is to reduce a lot of budget of guardrail change.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.102-109
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• 2016

The hydrodynamic interaction between two large vessels can't be neglected when two large vessels are closed to each other in restricted waterways such as in a harbor or narrow channel. This paper is mainly concerned with the ship maneuvering motion based on the hydrodynamic interaction effects between two large vessels moving each other in curved narrow channel. In this research, the characteristic features of the hydrodynamic interaction forces between two large vessels are described and illustrated, and the effects of velocity ratio and the spacing between two vessels are summarized and discussed. Also, the Inchon outer harbor area through the PALMI island channel in Korea was selected, and the ship maneuvering simulation was carried out to propose an appropriate safe speed and distance between two ships, which is required to avoid sea accident in confined waters. From the inspection of this investigation, it indicates the following result. Under the condition of $SP_{12}{\leq}0:5L$, it may encounter a dangerous tendency of grounding or collision due to the combined effect of the interaction between ships and external forces. Also considering the interaction and wind effect as a parameter, an overtaken and overtaking vessel in narrow channel can navigate while keeping its own original course under the following conditions; the lateral separation between two ships is about kept at 0.6 times of ship length and 15 degrees of range in maximum rudder angle. On the other hand, two ships while overtaking in curved narrow channel such as Inchon outer harbor in Korea should be navigated under the following conditions; $SP_{12}$ is about kept at 1.0 times of ship length and the wind velocity should not be stronger than 10 m/s.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.29 no.8 s.104
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• pp.661-666
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• 2005

Recent warnings indicate that there is a potential risk of massive earthquake. These earthquakes could produce large-scale tsunamis. Consideration of the effect of Tsunami to the moored ship is very important bemuse it brings the loss of life and vast property damage in a viewpoint of ship operations within a harbor. If a tsunami occurs, a ship in a harbor may begin drifting in case of ship entering and departing harbor, and breakage of mooring rope and drifting of moored ship are happened. And extremely serious accident, such as stranding and collision to a quay, might occur. On the other hand, since the tsunami consists of approximately component waves of several minutes, there is a possibility of resonance with the long period motion of mooring vessel. As the speed of Tsunami is much faster than tidal current in a harbor, a strong resisting force might act on the moored ships. In this paper, the numerical simulation procedure in the matter of ship motions due to the attack of large-scale tsunamis are investigated and the effects on the ship motions and mooring loads are evaluated by numerical simulation.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.104-110
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• 1997

Increase of marine transpotation in coastal area frequently yields oil spill accidents due to collision or grounding of oil tankers, which affects great deal of damages on ocean environments. Exact prediction of oil pollution area in time domain, which is called oil map, is very important for effective and efficient oil recovery and minimization of environmental damage. The prediction is carried out by considering the two distinct processes which are initial diffusion on the still water surface and advection due to tide, wind wave induced surface currents. In the present paper, only the initial diffusion is dealt with. Somewhat new simulation model and its numerical scheme are proposed to predict it. Simple diffusion experiment is also carried out to check the validity of the present method. Furthermore, some example simulations are performed for virtual oil spill accident. Quite realistic oil map including oil thickness distributions can be obtained by the present model.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.57-66
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• 2017

In this paper, we suggest a novel physics-based real-time animation technique for vehicles, and introduce an easy and intuitive animation authoring tool which uses our proposed technique. After a user specifies a trajectory of a virtual car as input, our system produces a more accurate simulation faster than a previous research result. This is achieved by a trajectory splitting method based on directional features and a trajectory library. As a result, the user can create not only a car animation including lane changing and passing, but also a crash animation which is a rarely researched topic. Also, we propose a virtual car structure that approximates a real car's structure for real-time simulation, the resulting animation shows high plausibility such as a small vibration which occurs when the virtual car breaks and a deformation of when a car accident happens.