• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.19-33
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• 2010

This study examined the effects of family climate, peer support and self-esteem on children's self-regulation. The participants in this study were 369 children (M=11.78 year) who completed questionnaires regarding family climate, peer support, self-esteem and self-regulation. Data were analyzed means by of a Structural equation model using AMOS 7.0. Our results indicated that (1) family climate, peer support and self-esteem were directly linked with children's self-regulation (2) the associations between family climate or peer support and children's self-regulation were mediated by children's self-esteem. These results imply that family climate and peer support are important antecedent variables in predicting children's self-regulation as well as their relative levels of self-esteem.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.85-98
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the path model of child's sex, temperament, maternal parenting behavior, and child's emotion regulation on child social behaviors. The subjects were 286 elementary school children. Data were gathered through questionnaires reported by mothers and teachers. Path analysis revealed that (1) mother's overprotective or coercive parenting behaviors effected neither child's emotion regulation nor social behaviors (2) child's sex and activity level effected child's aggression both directly and indirectly through child's emotion regulation (3) child's 'activity level' and 'avoidance' temperament effected child's social withdrawal both directly and indirectly through child' emotion regulation. Findings underscore the role of emotion regulation as a mediator in predicting child aggression and social withdrawal.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.30-35
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• 2006

Munc18, a mammalian homolog of C. elegans Unc, is essential for neurotransmitter release. The aim of this study was to identify estrogen-dependent expression of Munc18-1 and its role in the regulation of glutamate release for puberty onset. Hypothalamic munc18-1 mRNA levels were significantly increased by estrogen treatment in ovariectomized, immature female rats. During pubertal development, the munc18-1 mRNA levels dramatically increased between the juvenile period and the anestrous phase of puberty. Intracerebroventricular administration of an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide against munc18-1 mRNA significantly decreased glutamate release and delayed the day of puberty onset. These results suggest that Munc18-1, expressed in an estrogen-dependent manner, plays an important role in the onset of female puberty via the regulation of glutamate release.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.294.1-294.1
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• 2002

The effects of estradiol and its metabolites on the regulation of CYP1A1 expression. K.E. Joung and Y.Y. Sheen College of Pharmacy, Ewha womans University, Seoul. 120-750, Korea 2, 3.7.8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is the most potent halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon congener that induces expression of several genes including CYP1A1. Exposure to TCDD results in many toxic actions such as carcinogenesis, hepatotoxicity. immune suppression. and reproductive and developmental toxicity. (omitted)

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.166-177
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• 2022

Background: Recently clinical trials have expanded extensively in Korea; thus, ensuring the rights of subjects participating in clinical trials is imperative. Accordingly, national regulations on subject recruitment advertisement were enforced from October 25, 2018. In this study, the effect of this regulation was evaluated by analyzing the difference in the provision of information before and after enforcement of the regulation. Methods: Recruitment advertisements for clinical trial subjects 3 years before and after enforcement of the regulation were collated by the significance sampling approach. Print-based (newspapers, buses, and subways) and web-based (clinical trial center websites and online platforms) materials for recruitment in clinical trials of phase 1 to 4 for investigational drugs, medical devices, and oriental medicine were considered. Chi-square tests were conducted for inter-group comparisons. SPSS version 26 was employed for statistical analyses. Results: A total of 137 advertisements were collected comprising 60 pre- and 77 post-regulation enforcement. The overall rate of delivery of critical information in advertisements increased significantly from 47.5% before regulation to 93.2% after regulation enforcement. Particularly, details on expected adverse events augmented significantly (p<0.001). Benefits from participation in clinical trial reduced significantly from 88.3% to 70.1% (p<0.05). As the information provision amplified, the inclusion of professional terms increased. Conclusions: Enforcement of regulations has led to a surge in the amount of information and challenging terms contained in advertisements for recruiting subjects. Therefore, additional efforts are required by subjects to completely understand the information provided in the advertisements.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.34-41
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• 2016

Objective : Emotional state and emotion regulation strategies are considered to be important factors influencing the pattern and severity of somatic pain. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between cognitive emotional regulation strategies and somatic pain in patients with depression and/or anxiety disorders. Methods : A total of 140 outpatients, diagnosed with depression and/or anxiety disorders according to DSM-IV-TR, were evaluated using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), and the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for somatic pain. Pearson correlations and independent t-tests were performed to analyze the relationship between somatic pain, the severity of depression and/or anxiety and cognitive emotion regulation strategies. Results : The severity of pain was significantly correlated with depressive symptoms, but not with anxiety. Patients with somatic pain tend to use maladaptive cognitive emotion regulating strategies more frequently, especially rumination and catastrophizing. Conclusion : These findings suggest that somatic pain correlates with maladaptive cognitive emotional regulating strategies. Interventions which modulate these non-productive strategies, especially rumination and catastrophizing, would be a new approach for managing patients with depressive and/or anxiety disorders who are suffering from somatic pain.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.38 no.8
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• pp.705-714
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• 2015

We investigated the role of HDAC3 in anti-cancer drug-resistance. The expression of HDAC3 was decreased in cancer cell lines resistant to anti-cancer drugs such as celastrol and taxol. HDAC3 conferred sensitivity to these anti-cancer drugs. HDAC3 activity was necessary for conferring sensitivity to these anti-cancer drugs. The down-regulation of HDAC3 increased the expression of MDR1 and conferred resistance to anti-cancer drugs. The expression of tubulin ${\beta}3$ was increased in drug-resistant cancer cell lines. ChIP assays showed the binding of HDAC3 to the promoter sequences of tubulin ${\beta}3$ and HDAC6. HDAC6 showed an interaction with tubulin ${\beta}3$. HDAC3 had a negative regulatory role in the expression of tubulin ${\beta}3$ and HDAC6. The down-regulation of HDAC6 decreased the expression of MDR1 and tubulin ${\beta}3$, but did not affect HDAC3 expression. The down-regulation of HDAC6 conferred sensitivity to taxol. The down-regulation of tubulin ${\beta}3$ did not affect the expression of HDAC6 or MDR1. The down-regulation of tubulin ${\beta}3$ conferred sensitivity to anti-cancer drugs. Our results showed that tubulin ${\beta}3$ serves as a downstream target of HDAC3 and mediates resistance to microtubule-targeting drugs. Thus, the HDAC3-HDAC6-Tubulin ${\beta}$ axis can be employed for the development of anti-cancer drugs.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.10-16
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• 2022

Objective : The present study examined the effectiveness of the mindful self-compassion (MSC) program on anxiety, depression, self-compassion and emotion regulation. Methods : A total of 29 subjects (mean age 27.5±6.5 years, 15 males and 14 females) participated in a standardized 8-week MSC program. The control group consisted of age- and sex-matched twenty participants (mean age 26.0±2.9 years, 11 males and 9 females). All subjects completed self-report measurements at two weeks before and after the MSC program. Results : MSC training improved self-compassion as demonstrated by the significant group x time interaction effects on the total Self-Compassion Scale scores (F[1, 47]=8.324, p<0.01). Regarding the subscale scores, a significant improvement in self-kindness, isolation and mindfulness components of self-compassion was observed after MSC training. A significant group x time interaction was observed on the self-kindness subscale (F[1, 47]=4.664, p<0.05), with a significant main effect of time (F[1, 47]=23.723, p<0.001). The isolation subscale showed a significant group x time interaction (F[1, 47]=8.698, p<0.001). For the mindfulness subscale, there was a significant group x time interaction (F[1, 47]=6.611, p<0.05) and main effect of time (F[1, 47]=6.611, p<0.05). MSC training also improved the acceptance emotion regulation strategy, as demonstrated by the significant group x time interaction in the acceptance subscale scores of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (F[1, 47]=6.845, p<0.05). Conclusion : MSC training showed efficacy in fostering self-compassion and improving emotion regulation. Thus, this program might be applicable to improve mental health.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.89-102
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• 2020

This study aimed to compare the effects of two emotion regulation strategies, namely, cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression in female college students. Specifically, the effects of these two emotion regulation strategies were tested and the intrapersonal factors related to the effects of these strategies were explored. The participants included 60 female college students. In Study 1, 40 participants were randomly assigned to each of the two different strategy groups, i.e., a between-subject design was employed. In Study 2, 20 participants were asked to use both strategies to regulate their emotion, i.e., a within-subject design was employed. The results revealed that both emotion regulation strategies effectively reduced negative emotion of emotional stimuli. However, the use of emotion regulation assessed with a questionnaire was not matched to the actual usage of regulation strategies examined with a task. Finally, the use of a suppression strategy was related to the extroversion psychological adaptive variable. Our findings suggest that the subjective assessment of the use of an emotion regulation strategy may not be the same as the actual use of an emotion regulation strategy. Furthermore, we demonstrated that when participants have an option to use both strategies, the cognitive reappraisal is more functional than expression suppression. This concurs with the previous findings on the effects of emotion regulation strategies.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.23 no.4 s.76
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• pp.17-26
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• 2005

The purpose of the this study was to identify the relations among intelligence, parenting environment and self-regulation of preschool children. The subjects were 81 children between the ages 3 and 6 and their mothers from one day-care center in Seoul. T-test, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis were used for data analysis. First, the result of this study showed that children's self-regulation ability by sex difference was significant to only girls and children's self-regulation ability by no was not significant. Parents who had higher educational background were positively related to children's intelligence and children's self-regulation ability was significant to mothers' educational background. Second, the preschool children who got higher scores in intelligence scale were higher self-regulation ability. Third, the young children's self-regulation ability showed significance only in motor intelligence which was one of the subscales of intelligence scale. Fourth, the effect of children's intelligence and parenting environment on preschoolers' self-regulation were relatively presented as intelligence($\beta$=.34, p<.01), trauma state($\beta$=0.31, p<.05) and development state($\beta$ =.23, p<0.5) which were subscales of parenting environment.