• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.31-56
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• 2015

This study compares the relative effectiveness of private tutoring and self-directed learning on the formation of cognitive (academic achievement on Korean, math, and English) and noncognitive skills (friendship, self esteem, creative personality, and motivation) of primary and secondary school students in Seoul. The results show that private tutoring has positive but diminishing effects on cognitive skill formation with no effects on noncognitive skill formation, while self-directed learning has positive effects on both cognitive and noncognitive skill formation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.176-187
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the levels of self-esteem, rehabilitation motivation and quality of life and to identify the influencing factors of quality of life in stroke patients who were receiving rehabilitation therapy. Data were collected from February 22 to March 20, 2016 using self-administered questionares and the data from 216 participants were analyzed using SPSS WIN 21.0 program(SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The results of this study were as follows: the mean self-esteem was 3.09/5, rehabilitation motivation was 3.60/5, and quality of life was 2.95/5. Sex, age, education, caregiver, occupation, duration after attack, the degree of disability(dependence), and cognitive function were significantly associated with quality of life. There was positive correlation between quality of life and self-esteem(r=.45, p<.001) and there was positive correlation between quality of life and rehabilitation motivation(r=.27, p<.001). Variables such as self-esteem, duration after attack, the degree of disability(dependence), and cognitive function explained 43.6%(F=14.87 p=<.001) of the variance in quality of life in model 3. Consequently, it is needed to develop and apply nursing intervention and programs for improving self-esteem during rehabilitation in order to improve quality of life of stroke patients.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.584-594
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• 2000

This study was the done to describe health behavior and determine affecting factors in middle aged women. The subjects of this study were 306 middle aged women, living in M city, during the period from June 28th to August. 31st 1999. The instruments for this study were Health Behavior Assesment tool developed by Kim (1998), Self esteem scale developed by Rosenberg(1965), the perceived health status scale by Lawston, et al.(1982), the Quality of life by Ro(1988), the attitude toward Climacteric symptom by Ji(1983). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. The result of this study are as follows; 1. The total mean score for Health behavior was 2.51(range 1-4). The mean scores on the subscale were 2.83 for nutrition, 2.81 for stress management, 2.71 for limitation of liking in the menstrual group, health behavior was 2.64. The mean scores on the subscale were 2.98 for nutrition, 2.85 for stress management, 2.82 for limitation of liking, 2.80 for energy conservation in the menopausal group, 2. The mean scores for cognitive-perceptual variables in the menstrual group were perception of health status: 2.61, quality of life: 3.17, self-esteem: 2.59, and attitude for climacteric symptom: 3.02. In the menopausal group the scores were perception of health status: 2.41, quality of life: 3.10, self-esteem: 2.62, attitude for climacteric symptom: 3.06. 3. Health behavior and self-esteem(r=.269, p=.000; r=.205, p=.042), attitude for climacteric symptom(r=.192, p=.005; r=.545, p=.000), quality of life(r=.385, p=.000; r= .195, p=.050) and health behavior were correlated positively, and the perception of health status and health behavior were correlated negatively(r=.-135, p=.050; r= -.207, p=.040 ) in the menstrual group and menopausal group. 4. Perception of health status, quality of life, age, self-esteem, job and marital status explained 33.7% of the variance for health behavior in the menstrual group; self-esteem and education explained 33.1% of the variance for health behavior in the menopausal group. In conclusion, health behavior should be considered when developing nursing strategies for middle-aged women, especially when dealing with perception of health status, quality of life, and self-esteem.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.471-484
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• 2017

The objective of this study is to develop self-esteem program for elementary school students by accepting themselves. Elementary school students' self-esteem is closely related with accepting themselves as they are. For this reason, the contents of this study were consisted of stability, self-understanding, self-acceptance, self-respect, personal relationships. Three experts accomplished program structure and contents design performed by two tests on validity. The need-survey for this was based on the participants who were 93 elementary school students and 32 elementary school teachers. Also, this program was designed in 3 steps of observation, conversion and relation-orientation. The contents of these steps are related with this program's propriety. This program has a little weakness in behavioristic sides because it concentrated on cognitive and affective aspect for the self-esteem development of elementary school students.

• 한국노년학
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.27-45
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to identify between the successful aging-related predictive factors and the successful aging in the middle aged office. The predictive factors of successful aging such as subjective health condition, cognitive functions, self-esteem, and social support were confirmed by the existing literature. The population of the study was the middle aged office employees, who are generally defined an age group from 40 to 60. The sample of this study was targeted to employees working at companies registered to securities, KSDAQ, and KONEX in Korea. SPSS WIN 23.0 and AMOS 21.0, and M-plus 6.12 were used for the data analysis. The findings of this study were presented below. First, the result of the structural relationship between the predictive factors of successful aging (subjective health condition, cognitive function, self-esteem, and social support) and successful aging was appropriate as RMSEA=.059, TLI=.932, CFI=.944. Second, subjective health condition and social support were significant variables for successful aging but cognitive function and self-esteem were not significant. Third, social support, which is a social factor, was the most influential among other variables. Based on the results, theoretical and practical implications were presented.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.229-244
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• 2007

A comprehensive program for children's leadership improvement by enhancing their self-esteem, empathy, communication competence and emotion regulation utilized core concepts and techniques or the Solution-Focused Model of Chung et al. (2005), Satir's Experiential Model(Chung, 2003), Cognitive-Behavioral Model (Kim, 2002) and problem-solving games (Chung & Kim, 2005). Twenty-six $3^{rd}$, $4^{th}$, and $5^{th}$ graders from public schools in Seoul participated in six 2.5 hour sessions and their mothers participated in two 2.5 hour sessions. All subjects received pre-, post- and follow-up tests. The results showed that children's self-esteem, empathy, communication competence, and emotion regulation increased as a result of this program and the effects lasted for at least three months after the termination of the program.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.489-503
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• 2019

This study aimed to analyze the preference of subfertile women for forest therapy programs depending on their emotional characteristics, and to provide basic data for the development of forest therapy programs in order to promote the mental health of subfertile women. Among the surveyed emotional characteristics of subfertile women, the level of emotions including pressure to become pregnant, impatience and frustration were high, while that of emotions including anxiety and fear; depression, hopelessness, helplessness, loneliness and sadness tended to be medium. The level of emotions including shame and guilt tended to be low. The top six forest therapy programs preferred by subfertile women include a deep breath of air /phytoncide, forest bathing/wind bathing/sun bathing, self-esteem recovery program, eating organic foods, low body bathing/foot bathing/hot spring bathing, and breathing/breathing exercises. Subfertile women highly pressured to become pregnant showed significant differences in the preference of the self-esteem recovery program, Domar 's relaxation therapy, NLP therapy, and sleeping in the woods, while women with anxiety and fear showed significant differences in the preference of walking barefoot in forests, mountain walking in silence, listening to water sounds/ hand and foot soak, self-esteem recovery program, NLP therapy, cognitive behavior therapy, aroma therapy, integrated art therapy in forests, forest bathing/wind bathing/sunbathing, a deep breath of air/phytoncide, and observing stars. Women with depression, hopelessness, helplessness, loneliness, and sadness showed significant differences in eating organic foods, self-esteem recovery program, counseling/coaching, and cognitive behavior therapy. The significance of this study was to analyze the preference of subfertile women, as subjects, for forest therapy program. The results of this study are expected to be used as basis data for developing forest therapy programs for subfertile women.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.328-335
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between eating disorders, body image, and self-esteem of female university students. Methods: A total 123 university female students were recruited in April 2009. Data was collected by using questionnaires. The collected data was analysed by SPSS/WIN using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, ANOVA, & Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: As defined by body mass index (BMI), the obese subjects were rare (8.9%) and the rest (91.1%) was under weight or normal. More than 51.2% of the subjects perceived their weight as overweight, while 8.9% of the women were obese as defined by BMI. Eighty-eight percent of the subjects were not satisfied with their body shape. The total mean score of anorexia nervosa was higher than bulimia nervosa. The scores of eating disorders did not differ significantly by the BMI score. The score of body image was highest in the group of the overweight. There was high positive correlation between self-esteem and body image. Conclusion: To ensure resonable body image and weight control behaviors in female university students, education should be reinforsed. Therefore, nursing intervention programs for cognitive changes correcting the understanding about body image need to be developed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.61-72
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• 2010

This study examined the effects of maternal parenting, children's self-esteem and emotion regulation strategy on emotion regulation. Data were collected from 493 5th and 6th graders. The results were as follows: Firstly, maternal authoritarian and permissive parenting directly affected children's maladaptive emotion regulation, while maternal affectionate and permissive parenting directly affected children's adaptive emotion regulation. Secondly, children's selfesteem directly affected both their maladaptive and adaptive emotion regulation, while also acting as a mediator between maternal parenting and children's maladaptive and adaptive emotion regulation. Children's cognitive reappraiser strategy positively affected adaptive emotion regulation, but emotion suppressive strategy negatively affected adaptive emotion regulation. These emotion regulation strategies played a mediating role between maternal parenting or children's self-esteem and adaptive emotion regulation.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.37-48
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• 2011

As people increasingly play online games, numerous new features have been proposed to increase players' log-on time at online gaming sites. However, few studies have investigated why people continue to play certain online games. This research would verify that enjoyment experience could be explained by the conceptual framework. In the first, this study results indicate that customers would show a higher level of loyalty if they had an optimal experience with the games. The state of flow was felt when players were aware of opportunities for personal interaction and social interaction. The personal interaction could be motivated either to achieve the high cognitive performance or by providing the equity of distribution of the objective performance in order to examine players' cognitive performance; the social interaction can be motivated either to enhance a high level of self-esteem of player or to achieve the positive reputation in order to evaluate their self-esteem. This finding can answer the questions of what enjoyment experience is and why players are repeatedly playing specific online games.