• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.18-23
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• 2013

In this paper, we consider the problem of designing optimal sensing time and the minimization of energy consumption in the Cognitive radio Network. Trade-off between throughput and the sensing time are observed, and the equations are derived for the optimal choice of design variables. In this paper, we also look at the optimization problem involving all the design parameters together. The advantages of the proposed scheme for the spectrum sensing and access process are shown through simulation.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.59-69
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to design the framework of evaluation on learner's cognitive skill for artificial intelligence(AI) education through computational thinking. To design the rubric and framework for evaluating the change of leaner's intrinsic thinking, the evaluation process was consisted of a sequential stage with a) agency that cognitive learning assistance for data collection, b) abstraction that recognizes the pattern of data and performs the categorization process by decomposing the characteristics of collected data, and c) modeling that constructing algorithms based on refined data through abstraction. The evaluating framework was designed for not only the cognitive domain of learners' perceptions, learning, behaviors, and outcomes but also the areas of knowledge, competencies, and attitudes about the problem-solving process and results of learners to evaluate the changes of inherent cognitive learning about AI education. The results of the research are meaningful in that the evaluating framework for AI education was developed for the development of individualized evaluation tools according to the context of teaching and learning, and it could be used as a standard in various areas of AI education in the future.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.261-271
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• 1998

This study investigated the influences of applying the Cognitive Conflict Process Model (the Procedural Teaching Model using Cognitive Conflict Strategy: Kwon, 1989) upon students' achievement and attitudes in a middle school science concept instruction. For the treatment group, science instruction to apply the Cognitive Conflict Process Model was used. For the control group, traditional instruction was used. Prior to instruction, students' pre-conceptions test and attitudes test related to the science were administered. After instruction, the above two tests and the regular examinations were measured. Also students' perceptions of their teacher's new teaching style was investigated by questionnaire. But, above all, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the principal accompanying matters of general application of the teaching model to science concept instruction rather than conceptual and attitudinal change. Therefore, this study identified necessary conditions of applying the teaching model to science instruction.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.201-262
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• 1994

This paper portrays software reuse as analogical mapping and rule development.In order to explore the impacts of inconsistent representationS on the cognitive process of software resuse,it manipulates the intermal representations of source and target problems and their program solutions.The experimental design for this study has two factors:1)the degree of structural consistency between the source problem and the target problem,and2) the degree of structural consistency between the source problem and the source solution.A full-scale protocol analysis reveals that these two factors influence the cognitive process of mapping between source and target,the process of developing rules,and the interrelation between analogical mapping and rule development.The paper concludes by discussing the implications of these results for software reuse.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.639-653
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to design an instructional framework and cognitive learning environment for AI education based on computational thinking in order to ground the theoretical rationale for AI education. Based on the literature review, the learning model is proposed to select the algorithms and problem-solving models through the abstraction process at the stage of data collection and discovery. Meanwhile, the instructional model of AI education through computational thinking is suggested to enhance the problem-solving ability using the AI by performing the processes of problem-solving and prediction based on the stages of automating and evaluating the selected algorithms. By analyzing the research related to the cognitive learning environment for AI education, the instructional framework was composed mainly of abstraction which is the core thinking process of computational thinking through the transition from the stage of the agency to modeling. The instructional framework of AI education and the process of constructing the cognitive learning environment presented in this study are characterized in that they are based on computational thinking, and those are expected to be the basis of further research for the instructional design of AI education.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.140-148
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• 2022

This study focuses on the finding out the structural effect of consumers' cognitive age affecting consumer innovativeness due to the mediating effect of perceived easy of use of mobile and perceived usefulness of mobile. For this study, a self report survey is conducted through a structured questionnaire, and a parallel double-mediated effect analysis is performed using the process macro of SPSS for the analysis. In the study results, it is found that the cognitive age of consumers directly have a statistically significant negative effect on consumer innovativeness. In addition, in the analysis to verify the mediating effect of perceived easy of use of mobile and perceived usefulness of mobile, it is shown that perceived usefulness of mobile has a positive and significant effect on consumer innovativeness. Through this, The contribution of this study can be attributed to the fact that it analyzed the structural relationship between the perceived ease of use of mobile and the perceived usefulness of mobile in the process of consumers' cognitive age affecting consumer innovativeness.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.38-48
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• 2017

Finding causes of workers' unsafe behaviors is important to prevent construction accidents because 80 percent of accidents occur by workers' unsafe behaviors. In this regard, this research aims to investigate possible reasons of workers' unsafe behaviors based on workers' cognitive process model using System dynamics. This study is based on two ways of workers' cognitive process which are in relation to hazard perception and failure of hazard perception. Based on existing literature, causal loops for workers' cognitive process are developed to explain workers' habituation by staying out of accidents, safety learning by experience, failure of hazard perception, and attitude change by accidents. The interactions between the developed loops provide managerial insights to reduce workers' unsafe behaviors from a safety manager's perspective including increasing the probability of workers' hazard perception through knowledge management, maintaining workers' positive attitude toward safety, and controlling first-line supervisors to eliminate workers' unsafe behavior. The research allows us to better understand the causes and solutions of workers' unsafe behaviors in workers' cognitive perspectives.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.81-90
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• 2000

This study proposes the knowledge discovery process for the effective mining of knowledge on the web. The proposed knowledge discovery process uses the Prior knowledge base and the Prior knowledge management system to reflect tacit knowledge in addition to explicit knowledge. The prior knowledge management system constructs the prior knowledge base using a fuzzy cognitive map, and defines information to be extracted from the web. In addition, it transforms the extracted information into the form being handled in mining process. Experiments using case-based reasoning and neural network" are performed to verify the usefulness of the proposed model. The experimental results are encouraging and prove the usefulness of the proposed model.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.146-154
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• 2014

This paper proposes a bandwidth-aware localized-routing algorithm that is capable of sensing the available spectrum bands within a two-hop neighboring for choosing the highly opportunistic routes. A mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) is utilized to formulate the optimization problem. Then, the proposed algorithm is used to determine the maximum bandwidth possible of link pairs via a bandwidth approximation process of relaxed variables. Thereby, the proposed algorithm can allow selected routes corresponding to maximum bandwidth possible between cognitive radio (CR) users through link pairs in cognitive radio networks. By comparing the solution values to previous works, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can offer a closed-optimal solution for routing performance in cognitive radio networks. The contribution of this paper is achieved through approximately 50% throughput utilized in the network.

• BMB Reports
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• v.49 no.9
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• pp.474-487
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• 2016

Itch is one of the most distressing sensations that substantially impair quality of life. It is a cardinal symptom of many skin diseases and is also caused by a variety of systemic disorders. Unfortunately, currently available itch medications are ineffective in many chronic itch conditions, and they often cause undesirable side effects. To develop novel therapeutic strategies, it is essential to identify primary afferent neurons that selectively respond to itch mediators as well as the central nervous system components that process the sensation of itch and initiate behavioral responses. This review summarizes recent progress in the study of itch, focusing on itch-selective receptors, signaling molecules, neuronal pathways from the primary sensory neurons to the brain, and potential decoding mechanisms based on which itch is distinguished from pain.