• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회(2)
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• pp.848-849
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• 2005

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.370-374
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• 2015

Pacific herring Clupea pallasii eggs were attached to the gill net in Korean coastal waters off Busan. To conservation and management the eggs attached to the gill net, we followed the natural hatching in coastal waters from five days after fertilization to the hatching finished, where the temperature was $9^{\circ}C$. The diameter of fertilized eggs was 1.24-1.55 mm (n= 50), and had a segmented pale yellow yolk, no oil globule. Natural hatching had started by 10 days after fertilization. Mass hatching occurred around 11-12 days after fertilization, most of eggs separated from the gill net. Therefore, when the Pacific herring eggs attached in gill net, should be natural hatching-induced in coastal waters during 12-14 days.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2005

Effects of five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) constituents (naphthalene, fluorine, fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene, pyrene) on fertilization and early development of sea urchin egg, sperm and fertilized egg were investigated. The eggs, sperm and fertilized eggs were exposed to several concentrations of PAHs (1, 10, 100, 1000 and 10000㎍/L). The rate of fertilization and hatching decreased when the eggs and sperm were exposed to aqueous solution of PAHs. Also, Exposure of fertilized eggs with each PAHs did decrease survival and hatching rate. Concentration-dependent toxic effects on the rate of fertilization, hatching, survival and abnormality in A. crassispina were observed following exposure to PAHs (1, 10, 100, 1000 and 10000㎍/L). These data show that PAHs exposure decreased in fertilization success of sea urchin egg and sperm and producted abnormal embryo. It is plausible to suggest that PAHs had the potential to significantly reduce coastal recruitment of sea urchin.

• 식물병과 농업
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.14-18
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• 1995

This study was carried out to investigate effect of transplanting method, environmental factor, and fertilizing level on occurrence of Pseudomonas glumae in south-west coastal area of Chonnam province. Occurrence in filed began after heading and increased gradually during 3-4 weeks. Occurrence of this disease was great at daily minimum temperature of 23-$25^{\circ}C$ and series of rainfall during early and mid. August Degree of infection by fertilization of nitrogen and by transplanting fertilizing level of 50% than standard fertilization of nitrogen and by transplanting method was greater machine-transplanting than hand-transplanting. Rate of degradation was 6.5% in case of 10% of infected panicle, 14.5% in 30%, 22% in 50% and 35.9% in 70%. We can reduce occurrence of this disease by sawing non -infected seed and balanced fertilizing in cultural practice and applying oryza 4kg/a in early transplanting or Kasugamin EC and Allta in heading stage.

• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 2003년도 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.158-158
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• 2003

Bioassays using gametes of sea urchins are widely used in ecotoxicological assessments of marine environments. Since most of sea urchin species in Korean coastal water spawn from spring to autumn, bioassay with them during the winter is impossible. In the course of developing standard methods for bioassays with Korean species, we found a winter-spawning starfish, Asterias amurensis, Since reproductive mode of asteroids is similar to echinoids, the bioassay protocol for sea urchins could be applied similarly to the starfish. Here, we tested and determined several conditions for the acceptability of bioassay with A. amurensis. The least required time for formation of fertilization membrane of fertilized eggs to be easily distinguished from unfertilized ones was 60 min. The threshold of sperm to egg ratio that could make acceptable fertilization rates in controls was 3000. The allowed time for manipulation of sperm after dilution in seawater was at most 3 hr. The optimal exposure time of sperms when the response against toxicant solution was relatively stable was in the range of 20-60 min. The tolerance range of sperms to the salinity of test solution was 26-38 psu. The sensitivity of A. amurensis sperm was intermediate among marine organisms commonly used in aquatic toxicity tests. The sperm bioassay with A. amurensis can be satisfactorily applied to toxicity assessments of marine environments.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 1993

해양 식물플랑크톤의 단종배양체 16종류를 대상으로 하여, 배양액 중의 철 및 인 농도차이에 따른 최종 생체량증가 정도를 측정하였다. 시아노세균을 제외한 나머지 모 든 분류군을 제외한 나머지 모든 분규군 가운데, 철은 원양성 단종배양체의 최종 생체 량 증가 정도를 약간 체한하거나 전혀 제한하지 않으며, 연안성 단종배양체의 최종 생체량 증가 정도는 심하게 제한한다. 대조적으로, 시아노세균의 연안성 단종배양체와 원양성 단종배양체 모두 고농도 철의 요구성을 나타낸다: Synechococcus 종류들이 측정 한계 이상의 성장치를 나타내기 위한 철의 최저농도를 $10^{-9}과{\;}10^{-8}{\;}M$ 사이에 있다. 소위 철을 이용한 대양의 비옥화 계획을 실행하기 전에, 철의 증가에 따른 원양성 식물플랑크톤 종들의 반응이 서식환경에 따라 (원양역-연안역간)그리고 분류군 에 따라 어떠한 차이를 나타내는지 세심한 주의를 기울여야 한다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.98-104
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• 2004

Early development and metamorphosis of the ascidian (Halocynthia hilgendorfi ritteri) were investigated from fertilized egg. The samples were collected in the coastal waters of Yongdam, northwest of Jeju Island in November 2002. H. hilgendorfi ritteri was solitary ascidian and produced spheral eggs with egg size ranging from $0.33\pm0.01\;mm.$ On the outer surface of the vitelline coat are attached many follicle cells. At $21.0\pm0.5^{\circ}C$ of water temperature, first cleavage took place in about 1.5 hrs after fertilization, and gastrulation followed in about 12.5 hrs. The formation of tailbud embryos and free swimming larvae were observed 13.3 hrs and 20.5 hrs after fertilization, respectively. The size of newly hatched tadpole larva was 1.30-1.45 mm, the larva swam for 2 hrs to 14 hrs. At 4 hrs after hatching, the palpi were lost and tail absorption began with an abrupt rupture of the anterior end of the notochord. At 17-18 hrs after hatching, tail completely absorption and remained trunk. The coniform adhesive papilla began protrusion at 30 hrs after hatching. The oral and atrial siphon formed at 6-7 days after settlement. At 17-18 days after settlement, metamorphosed the larvae developed into protoascidian of which the external morphology was similar to their adult.

• 한국해양생명과학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 살균제, 항진균제 등의 의약품을 포함하여 다양한 목적으로 사용되며, 신방오도료로서의 가능성이 확인된 바 있는 Zinc undecylenate (ZU)를 이용해 연안환경 내 1차 소비자를 대표할 수 있는 성게 2종(H. pulcherrimus, M. nudus)에 대한 독성평가를 실시하였다. 실험결과 ZU에 대한 H. pulcherrimus와 M. nudus의 수정률 EC₅₀은, 각각 11.27 mgl^-1과 1.48 mgl^-1로 나타났다. 또한, 정상배아 발생률의 EC₅₀은 각각 0.94 mgl^-1와 3.78 mgl^-1로 나타났으며, NOEC는 0.20 mgl^-1, 0.78 mgl^-1를 나타내었다. 본 연구에서 도출된 성게 2종과 문헌조사를 통한 연안양식생물 2종의 급성독성결과를 이용하여 Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNEC)를 계산하였다. PNEC 값은 0.0094 mgl^-1로 나타났으며, 위와 같은 결과는 해양환경 오염물질에 대한 환경보호전략 수립을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 것이다.

• 한국해양생명과학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.80-87
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 과불화합물 PFOA와 PFOS potassium salt가 Mesocentrotus nudus의 10 min-수정률과 48 h-정상유생발생률에 미치는 독성영향을 반수영향농도, 무영향농도, 최소영향농도 등의 독성값 계산을 통해 확인하였다. PFOA와 PFOS potassium salt에 대한 10 min-수정률의 EC₅₀ 값은 각각 1346.43 mg/l와 536.18 mg/l로 나타났으며, 48 h-정상유생발생률의 EC₅₀ 값은 각각 42.67 mg/l와 17.81 mg/l로 나타났다. 최근 연구에 의하면, 환경 내의 PFOA와 PFOS의 농도는 지속적으로 감소하였으며, 성게류에게 급성독성을 나타낼 정도는 아닌 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 생물체내에서는 여전히 높은 농도로 관측되고 있다. 결국, PFOA와 PFOS는 생물체의 생애전주기에 걸쳐 체내 축적이 가능하기 때문에, 연안환경에 서식하는 해양생물을 이용한 생애전주기적 만성독성 연구가 필요할 것이다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2011

Behaviour habitats of sailfin sandfish, Arctoscopus japonicus, one of the stock recovery species of Korea, were investigated when they were approaching toward the eastern coastal waters of Korea during spawning season. Underwater surveys were conducted in December, 2009 at Jug-island, Goseong, Gangwon-province to observe the behaviour of sailfin sandfish by underwater video camera and underwater camera, and the body characteristics of sailfin sandfish caught by gillnet were measured. It was observed that the species generally move in school but a few of individuals go out of the school to approach and dig into the sand bottom. Eggs of sailfin sandfish were shown in many cases to be attached to seaweed like Sargassum fulvellum and Zostera mairna. The females maintain its body in horizon and shake the body to breed eggs. It was also observed that the males spray sperm on the eggs attached on seaweed. Sailfin sandfish is assumed to make diurnal migration by moving to the shallow coast at night for spawning and fertilization, and moving out to the offshore at sunrise.