• 제목/요약/키워드: coastal diatoms

검색결과 106건 처리시간 0.027초

A study on the fine structure of marine diatoms in Korean coastal waters: Genus Thalassiosira 5

  • Park, Joon-Sang;Lee, Jin-Hwan
    • ALGAE
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    • 제25권3호
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    • pp.121-131
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    • 2010
  • Thalassiosira species were collected from October 2007 to January 2009 in an attempt to better understand species diversity of the genus Thalassiosira in Korean coastal waters. A total of 5 Thalassiosira species (T. concaviuscula, T. oceanica, T. partheneia, T. simonsenii and T. nanolineata) were identified here. Most species in this study were of small size, and 5 species were recorded for the first time in Korean coastal waters. Using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), we described distinctive characteristics of fine structure that proved to be important diagnostic characteristics for the identification of each species. The most important diagnostic characteristics for Thalassiosira species identification were the marginal strutted processes, the position of labiate processes, and the areolation. The differential characteristics of the species studied were: T. concaviuscula has a double layered external tubes on the marginal strutted processes; T. oceanica shows marginal ridges that are interlinked between the marginal strutted processes; the valve face of T. partheneia is fairly convex and its labiate process is positioned midway between two strutted processes; T. simonsenii is characterized by two labiate processes and somewhat coarse areolae; and, T. nanolineata has several central strutted processes and linear areolation.

동해 축산항 연안의 식물플랑크톤 군집 동태 (Dynamics of the Phytoplankton Community in the Coastal Waters of Chuksan Harbor, East Sea)

  • 강연식;최휴창;임주환;전인성;서지호
    • ALGAE
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    • 제20권4호
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    • pp.345-352
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    • 2005
  • In order to investigate the distribution of phytoplankton community in the coastal waters of the Chuksan Harbor, East Sea, the abundance and biomass of phytoplankton have been evaluated through seasonal interval sampling from April 2000 to October 2002. A total of 363 different phytoplankton species was observed and most of them were composed of diatoms. The mean abundance and chlorophyll-a concentration of phytoplankton during the study period ranged from 56 ${\times}$ $10^3$ to 720 ${\times}$ $10^3$ cells $L^{-1}$ and from 0.78 to 3.29 μg chl-a $L^{-1}$, respectively. The relative contribution of the size-fractionated phytoplankton to phytoplankton community showed difference according to seasons. The average contribution of nano-phytoplankton(<20 $\mu$m) was over 50% in the total abundance and biomass of the phytoplankton. Our results show that nano-phytoplankton play an important role in the southern coastal waters of the East Sea. And the environmental factors such as suspended substances, phosphates and silicates were positively correlated with the abundances and biomass of phytoplankton.

이른 여름 동중국해 남서해역의 해양환경과 식물플랑크톤 군집의 분포특성 (A Characteristics of Thermohaline Structure and Phytoplankton Community from Southwestern Parts of the East China Sea during Early Summer, 2004)

  • 윤양호;박종식;박영균;서호영;황두진
    • 수산해양기술연구
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    • 제41권2호
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    • pp.129-139
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    • 2005
  • We investigated the characteristics of the thermohaline structure and phytoplankton community from the southwestern areas of Jeju to the nothern areas of Taiwan in the Ease China Sea, in June 2004. According to the analysis of a T-S diagram, three characteristic of water masses were identified. We classified them into the mixed water mass by the Chiness continental coastal waters and Yellow Sea cold water (Region A), Chinese continental coastal waters (Region B) and Taiwan warm current (Region C). Region A was characterized by low temperature, low salinity, high density and high Chl-a concentration. Region B was characterized by high temperature, low salinity, low density and high Chl-a and Region C was characterized high temperature, high salinity, low density and low Chl-a concentration. The phytoplankton community identified a total of 56 species belonging to 31 genera. The dominant species was mainly dinoflagellates, Gymnodinium breve, Scrippsiella trochoidea, Ceratium fusus, Prororcentrum triestinum, centric diatoms, Chaetoceros lorenzianus, Leptocylindrus danicus, Proboscia alata, Skeletonema costatum and pennate diatoms, Pseudonitzschia pungens, Cylidrotheca closterium. Standing crops of phytoplakton fluctuated between $0.1{\times}10^2$ cells/L and $5.7{\times}10^4$ cells/L by dominance of dinoflagellates. In the phytoplankton community, the Region A was characterized by the various species composition in 39 species, the dominint species with di-atomes, Pn. pungen, Ch. lorenzianus and standing crops from 6.9 cells/$m\ell$ to 56.6 cells/$m\ell$, Region B by the various species composition in 37 species, the dominant species with dinoflagellates, G.breve, S. trochoidea and standing crops from 4.6 cells/$m\ell$ to 26.7 cells/$m\ell$, and the Region C by low species number with 28 species, the dominant species with one dinoflagellate, S.trochoidea and one diatom, L.danicus and very low standing crops from 0.1 cells/$m\ell$ to 5.7 cells/$m\ell$. Phytoplankton productivity in the East China Sea was controlled by Chinese continental coastal waters which include a high concentrations of nutrients.

여수 연안해역에서 침편모조류 Chattonella속 출현환경 및 영양염에 대한 성장특성 (The Effect of Environmental Factors on the Advent of Chattonella (Raphidophyceae) in Yeosu Coastal Waters, Korea, and the Effect of Nutrients on the Growth of Chattonella)

  • 노일현;오석진;신현호;강인석;윤양호
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제43권4호
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    • pp.362-372
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    • 2010
  • In order to understand what leads to the appearance of harmful Chattonella algae in the Yeosu coastal waters of Korea, we measured environmental parameters every week at one station from May to November, 2006, and April to October, 2007. Four species of Chattonella appeared during the monitoring period: C. antiqua, C. globosa, C. marina and C. ovata. The range of water temperature and salinity were $15.0-27.9^{\circ}C$ and 17.6~33.0 psu, respectively, when Chattonella appeared, and their maximum cell density (4,840 cells/L) was at $27.1^{\circ}C$ and 33.0 psu. During the monitoring periods, the range of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), phosphate (DIP) and chlorophyll $\alpha$ (Chl-$\alpha$) concentrations in surface waters were $1.20-52.23\;{\mu}M$ ($8.59{\pm}8.97\;{\mu}M$), $0.03-1.56\;{\mu}M$ ($0.47{\pm}0.31\;{\mu}M$) and $0.45-31.12\;{\mu}g/L$ ($3.58{\pm}4.77\;{\mu}g/L$), respectively. Chattonella occurred at low cell density when the Chl-$\alpha$ concentration increased because of supplied nutrients, whereas their cell density increased during the periods of rapid decrease in Chl-$\alpha$. The results of growth experiments based on batch culture showed that the half saturation constant ($K_s$) of C. antiqua on ammonium (${NH_4}^-$), nitrate (${NO_3}^-$) and phosphate (${PO_4}^{2-}$) were $3.89{\mu}M$, $5.01\;{\mu}M$ and $0.63\;{\mu}M$, respectively. These Ks values are higher than those reported for diatoms and other flagellates at the DIP concentration (average $0.47{\mu}M$) of Yeosu coastal waters. Although the maximum specific growth rate (${\mu}_{max}$) of C. antiqua was lower than diatoms, it was higher than those of other flagellates. Therefore, our results indicate that the DIP level in the study area was too low to support Chattonella blooms, although Chattonella species have physiological characteristics that enable them to grow more rapidly than other flagellates when nutrient levels are higher than their $K_s$.

통영 연안의 잠재독성 Pseudo-nitzschia 출현종 (Potentially toxic Pseudo-nitzschia species in Tongyeong coastal waters, Korea)

  • 박종규;김응권;임월애
    • 한국해양학회지:바다
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.163-170
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    • 2009
  • Pseudo-nitzschia 속의 일부 종은 신경독 domoic acid(DA)를 생산하여 기억상실성 패독을 일으킨다. 이들의 잠재적인 독성 피해에도 불구하고 국내에서는 아직 출현종의 조성과 그 출현 시기가 명확하지 않다. 본 연구에서는 통영 연안해역에 출현하는 Pseudo-nitzschia 속의 종조성과 출현 시기를 알아보기 위하여 2008년 5월부터 11월까지 격주 간격으로 시료를 채집하여 광학현미경과 전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 조사기간 동안 출현한 종은 P. americana, P. brasiliana, P. caciantha, P. calliantha, P. cuspidata, P. delicatissima, P. micropora, P. multiseries, P. multistriata, P. pseudodelicatissima, P. pungens, P. subfraudulenta, P. subpacifica로 모두 13종이었다. 월별 출현종은 5월에 4종으로 가장 적었고, 그 이후 조금씩 증가하여 9월에 12종으로 최고에 이르렀으며, 9월 이후로 다시 감소하여 11월에는 5종만 출현하였다. 출현종 중 6종, P. americana, P. brasiliana, P. caciantha, P. calliantha, P. micropora, P. pseudodelicatissima는 5종만 출현하였다. 출현종 중 6종, P. americana, P. brasiliana, P. caciantha, P. calliantha, P. micropora, P. pseudodelicatissima는 국내 연안에서 처음 보고하는 종이며, P. calliantha, P. cuspidata, P. delicatissima, P. multiseries, P. multistriata, P. pungens 6종은 문헌상 DA를 생산하는 것으로 알려진 잠재 독성종이다. 통영 연안에서 이들의 독성 여부는 확인 하지 못하였다.

2018년 이른 여름 남해 연안해역 식물플랑크톤 군집의 공간분포 특성 (Spatial distributions of phytoplankton community in the coastal waters of South Sea, Korea during the early summer of 2018)

  • 윤양호;박종식;김병섭
    • 환경생물
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    • 제37권2호
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    • pp.164-176
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    • 2019
  • 남해 연안해역에서 이른 여름 식물플랑크톤 군집의 분포특성을 파악하기 위해 2018년 6월말에서 7월 중순까지 11개 해역을 대상으로 실시하였다. 결과 출현한 식물플랑크톤 출현 종은 56속 105종으로 규조류가 52.4%, 와편모조류가 40.0%, 기타 편모조류가 7.6%였다. 현존량은 표층에서 5.5~593.2 cells mL-1로 변화하여, 출현종과 현존량 모두 동부해역에서 높고, 서부 해역에서 낮은 특정을 나타내었다. 식물플랑크톤 군집은 남해 금포, 여수 오천동 및 고흥 외나로도 해역을 제외하면 규조류에 지배되는 특성을 보였으며, 우점종은 여수 오천동과 완도 충도를 제외하면 중심규조 Skeletonema costatum-like species (ls)에 의해 우점되었다. 그러나 오천동 해역은 유독와편모조류 Gymnodinium catenatum에 의해 극우점되었고, 남해 금포 및 외나로도 해역은 와편모조류 Tripos fusus에 의해 12% 이상의 우점율을 나타내었다. 이른 여름 남해 연안해역의 식물플랑크톤 군집의 공간분포는 강수량 등 영양염류 공급에 크게 지배되고 있는 것으로 판단할 수 있었다.

西海 京畿 植物 플랑크톤에 대한 생態學的 硏究 III. 植物플랑크톤 種조성, 現存量, 일시浮流플랑크톤 (The Ecological Study of Phytoplankton in Kyeonggi Bay, Yellow Sea. III. Phytoplankton Composition, Standing Crops, Tychopelagic Plankton.)

  • 최중기;심재형
    • 한국해양학회지
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.156-170
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    • 1986
  • 경기만 식물플랑크톤의 조성과 분포, 생태특성에 관한 조사가 1981년 5월부터 1982년 9월까지 총 20회에 걸쳐 행하여 졌다. 채집된 식물플랑크톤은 총 228종으로 규조류가 대부분이었고 그외에 쌍편모조류, 규질편모류, 녹조류, 남조류등이 다양하게 출현하였다. 이중 92종이 저서성 규조류로 일시 부유하여 식물플랑크톤으 로 나타났다. 이들 일시 부유규조류는 출현종 수에서 뿐만 아니라 식물플랑크톤 현존량에서도 늦가을부터 초봄까지 72%이상의 높은 출현상태를 보여 식물플랑크톤 군집내에서 큰 비중을 차지하였다. 이들 일시부유플랑크톤이 겨울철에 높은 출현 상태를 보인것은 저서성 부착 규조류가 동계의 강한 북서 계절풍에 의해 형성된 전단응력에 의해 수층으로 일시적으로 부유되고 또한 동계의 강한 수괴혼합에 의하 여 상층으로 유입되었기 때문이다. 이들 일시부유플랑크톤 중 가장 우점하는 종은 Paralia sulcata로 서해 연안역의 수괴 혼합정도를 지표할 수 있는 종이다. 이종은 동계에 가장 우점하고 하계에 낮은 출현상태를 보여 수괴의 안정도와 높은 역상관 관계를 보인다. 경기만내 수괴가 안정되어 환경조건이 좋은 춘하추계에는 skeletonema costatum 부유종이 많이 나타나나 환경이 나쁜 겨울에 내성이 강한 저소종들이 많이 나타난다. 현존량의 변화는 봄과 가을에 대증식이 뚜렷이 나타나 춘계대증식은 주로 skeletonema costatum 에 의해 주도되고 가을철 증가는 수괴의 안정에 의해 다양한 종들에 의해 일어난다.

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태안 조간대에 서식하는 참굴과 바지락의 먹이특성에 관한 연구 (Study of the Food Characteristics on Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas and Manila Clam Ruditapes phillippinarum in the Intertidal Zone of Taeahn, Korea)

  • 백승호;이주연;이해옥;한명수
    • 환경생물
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    • 제26권3호
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    • pp.145-158
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    • 2008
  • 본 연구는 2000년 12월에서 2007년 5월 사이 태안조간대에서 참굴(Crassostrea gigas)과 바지락 (Ruditapes phillippinarum)의 먹이원을 평가하기 위해서 굴과 바지락의 소화기관 내용물 속의 식물플랑크톤의 종 조성과 더블어 수증과 퇴적물의 식물플랑크톤의 군집조성을 격월로 조사했다. 조사기간 동안 수온은 7$^{\circ}C$에서 23$^{\circ}C$로, 염분은 34PSU에서 35PSU로, 각각 관찰되었다. 수중의 식물플랑크톤의 총 개체수는 옷점이 정산포 지점보다 높았고, 퇴적물 속의 총 개체수는 반대로 정산포가 옷점보다 높게 나타났다. 수중과 퇴적물의 식물플랑크톤의 총 개체수는 2월과 4월에 비교적 높게 관찰되었다. 규조류 중에서 Paralia sulcata는 항상 우점했고, 조사기간 중 정산포(St. J)의 2월을 제외하면 전체 식물플랑크톤의 41.3$\sim$87.9%로 압도적으로 우점했다. 굴과 바지락의 소화기관 내용물 속에 발견 된 종은 규조류 Paralia, Melosira, Coscinodiscus, Navicula속과 침편모조류 Dictyocha속, 와편모조류는 Prorocentrum, Dinophysis 속의 순으로 나타났다. 각 계절의 굴과 바지락의 소화기관에서 발견된 식물플랑크톤은 당 해역에서 수중과 퇴적물에서 출현하는 종 조성과 비교적 잘 일치했다. 굴과 바지락의 전중량과 소화기관의 무게와는 유의한 상관관계를 보였으나, 포식된 식물플랑크톤의 총량과는 직접적인 관계는 나타나지 않았다. 본 연구에서 P. sulcata는 태안 조간대에서 굴과 바지락의 중요한 먹이원의 하나로 항상 우점 출현하고 있다는 것을 제안했다.

Effects of an Artificial Breakwater on the Distributions of Planktonic Microbial Communities

  • Kim, Young-Ok;Yang, Eun-Jin;Kang, Jung-Hoon;Shin, Kyoung-Soon;Chang, Man;Myung, Cheol-Soo
    • Ocean Science Journal
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    • 제42권1호
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    • pp.9-17
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    • 2007
  • The summer distributions of planktonic microbial communities (heterotrophic and phtosynthetic bacteria, phtosynthetic and heterotrophic nanoflagellates, ciliate plankton, and microphytoplankton) were compared between inner and outer areas of Lake Sihwa, divided by an artificial breakwater, located on the western coast of Korea, in September 2003. The semi-enclosed, inner area was characterized by hyposaline surface water (<17 psu), and by low concentrations of dissolved oxygen (avg. $0.4\;mg\;L^{-1}$) and high concentrations of inorganic nutrients (nitrogenous nutrients $>36\;{\mu}M$, phosphate $>4\;{\mu}M$) in the bottom layer. Higher densities of heterotrophic bacteria and nanoflagellates also occurred in the inner area than did in the outer area, while microphytoplankton (mainly diatoms) occurred abundantly in the outer area. A tiny tintinnid ciliate, Tintinnopsis nana, bloomed into more than $10^6\;cells\;L^{-1}$ at the surface layer of the inner area, while its abundance was much lower ($10^3-10^4\;cells\;L^{-1}$) in the outer area of the breakwater. Ciliate abundance was highly correlated with heterotrophic bacteria (r = 0.886, p < 0.001) and heterotrophic flagellates (r = 0.962, p < 0.001), indicating that rich food availability may have led to the T. nana bloom. These results suggest that the breakwater causes the eutrophic environment in artificial lakes with limited flushing of enriched water and develops into abundant bacteria, nanoflagellates, and ciliates.

Feeding behavior of the copepod Temora turbinata: clearance rate and prey preference on the diatom and microbial food web components in coastal area

  • Chang, Kwang-Hyeon;Doi, Hideyuki;Nishibe, Yuichiro;Nam, Gui-Sook;Nakano, Shin-Ichi
    • Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • 제37권4호
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    • pp.225-229
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    • 2014
  • Feeding behavior of Temora turbinata was investigated through laboratory experiments with special emphasis on its food preference and consequent clearance rate on diatom and microbial components given as common natural food assemblage of coastal area (Uchiumi, Uwa Sea, Japan). Among available prey items, T. turbinata showed the highest clearance rate for Thalassiosira spp. ($0.23{\pm}0.08L\;Temora^{-1}day^{-1}$) followed by Chaetoceros spp. ($0.11{\pm}0.03L\;Temora^{-1}day^{-1}$), but clearance rates for other diatom, Nitzschia spp. was lower (0.03 to $0.07L\;Temora^{-1}day^{-1}$). Bacterial abundances showed no response against 24-h feeding of T. turbinata. Feeding of T. turbinata on heterotrophic nanoflagellates (HNF) was apparent when clearance rates of T. turbinata on diatoms were relatively low, but T. turbinata did not consume HNF as well as ciliates with Thalassiosira spp. of which clearance rate was highest. The results suggest that HNF and ciliates are possible supplementary prey item for T. turbinata, but their contribution as food sources can be limited by the presence of other prey items such as preferable diatom species.