• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.132-132
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• 2017

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.615-622
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• 2015

East Asia is characterized by anthropogenic emissions resulting from the large population and fast economic growth of this region. Since the prevailing wind is westerly and northwesterly, emissions from Ul-jin can be expected to contribute to acidic deposition increase in downwind direction. Aerosols collected at the near coast site, Uljin geun, gyungbook and were analyzed for $NH_4{^+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, $Na^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Cl^-$, $SO_4{^{2-}}$, and $NO_3{^-}$ from Aug. 2012 to Feb. 2013. The seasonal averaged aerosol concentration showed the highest potassium and calcium ion in winter and the highest ammonium ion due to a meadow and high solar intensity in summer. Sodium and chloride ion showed the same ratio all seasons and sulfate and nitrate species showed the maximum value in winter Chemical components of aerosols collected at the near coast site, Uljin geun, gyungbook were lower by 16 to 73% than those collected at other similar environment site such as kanghwa, yangyang. Comparing air quality data at the near coast site, Uljin geun, gyungbook, There was found that Uljin coast site is less influenced by the sea salts(potassium, magnesium, calcium) and nss-$SO_4{^{2-}}$ percentage is 3~13% higher than similar condition site.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.375-383
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to examine the U.S. Coast Guard's origins and powers with respect to the warrantless searches of vessels at sea. In principle, searches and seizures of vessels at sea require a warrant. However, a ship at sea may easily slip away and destroy evidence while authorities attempt to get a warrant. Thus, warrantless searches and safety inspection need to be validated because of the exigent circumstances at the sea. There are also two kinds of exceptions that justify warrantless searches at sea namely, border searhes and administrative searches. These theories in the U.S. will be useful for legislation and law enforcement related to the Korea Coast Guard's mission.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2002

Eelgrass, Zostera marina L. widely spreads throughout all the coastal areas of the Korean Peninsula. However, some previously reported eelgrass populations disappeared. The disappearance was probably caused by anthropogenic disturbance such as reclamation and pollutant or exceeded nutrient release. Eelgrass beds occurred from the intertidal to the subtidal zone, mainly in lagoon, estuaries, ports, barrier reef and bays. Eelgrass beds were also found at the intertidal mud and sand flats, subtidal mud and sandbank in more exposed areas. Habitat characteristics of eelgrass beds distributed on the coasts of the Korean Peninsula varied among coast areas. Eelgrass distributed constantly throughout the southern coast of Korea, while the distribution was limited at lagoon, bay, port, or barrier reef on the eastern coast, because of steep water depth and high wave energy in that coast. On the western coast, eelgrass mainly appeared at the intertidal and subtidal zones in islands. Sediment characteristics of the Z. marina beds varied with locality, tidal current and water motion. Sediments of Z. marina beds were composed of sand, muddy sand, sandy mud and mud. Mean grain size ranged from 1.5 to 4.1 phi.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.679-685
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• 2010

This study aimed to find a proper size of Korea Coast Guard. To attain this goal, this study constructed an experimental standard quota model then calculated the proper number of employees of Korea Coast Guard, The findings of the analysis can be summarized as follows: The formula of the model constructed through reviewing related literature is as folllows: Y(manpowers) = constant + (B $\times$ the number of crimes committed) + (B $\times$ the expenditure in the general account) + (B $\times$ the number of Korea Coast Guard vessels). The proper employment size of Korea Coast Guard calculated using the model was 7,369.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.54-63
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• 2004

There are two principal routes for the Asia-North America containerized cargo, that of Asia-West Coast and Asia-East Coast. On the West Coast, the Asia-Los Angeles, dominate the commerce, whereas on the Asia-East Coast it's the Panama Canal. Each of these routes has different characteristics. All are similar in that each is the door to the commerce of containerized cargo originating in Asia; each combines maritime and overland transportation; each has important intermodal connections and is able to distribute cargo throughout the West and East Coasts of the United States. Each route also has its port of preference that has the necessary infrastructure, equipment and intermodal connections. For example, in the case of the Port of Los Angeles, in spite of some of its advantages, it has several serious problems due to the interminable containerized cargo traffic that must be solved rapidly and satisfactorily in order to progress. In this paper, we would like to show the problems of two main routes.

• ALGAE
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 2007

Sargassum filicinum Harvey, a brown alga (Phaeophyceae) native to Northeastern Asia, has been recently reported from the coast of Southern California (USA). Here we report the occurrence and range extension of this introduced species, as we found the alga at La Jolla and Rancho Packard in Todos Santos Bay, Baja California, Mexico. The first collections of S. filicinum correspond to several immature plants, found on September 8, 2005, drifting in the intertidal zone at La Jolla. Later on November 9, 2006, we found a well-established population in Rancho Packard in the middle intertidal zone to 2 m depth. Since S. filicinum is an annual monoecious species with air bladders, the risk there is a high risk of spreading rapidly along the Pacific, as in the case for S. muticum. The population in Rancho Packard extends 500 m along the coast, consisting mainly of young plants with an average length of 30 cm and a density of 5 thallus/m2. This is the first record of this invasive species for the Mexican Pacific coast, and it represents the southern limit along the Pacific coast of North America. This finding suggests that this invasive species has successfully colonized the Pacific coast of North America and its distributional range is still expanding.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.177-186
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• 1983

Vegetation types and their standing crop in the sand dune on the south coast of Korea was investigated by the method of Curtis, J.T. and McIntosh, R.P. (1951). The relationship between vegetation types and environmental factors was also analyzed. The dominant species in the vegetations of the south coast sand dune were Carex pumila, Calystegia soldamella, Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii, Vitex rotundifolia, Ixeris repens, Carex kobomugi, Zoysia macrostachya. The species density in the sand dune vegetation increased with the distance from the coast, psammophyte and rhizome psammophyte decreased with the distance from the coast but other plants increased. The standing crop of the sand dune vegetatiion was average $53.79g/m^2$. An individual standing crop of Vitex routundifolia and Carex kobomugi varied with the curve of secondary degree. The salt content of the sand dune soil from 2.95 to 11.78 mg %, and it was not significant differences among stands, but it was varied with the distance form the coast. Negative relationship between warmth index and aboveground standing crop was found and the formula y=283.8886 - 2.4910X could be estimated.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.49-54
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• 1978

The cold water mass appeared in offshore of the east coast of Korea in summer season was studied in aspect of chemical oceanography. Such a typical relationship between phosphate and dissolved oxygen as shown in the upwelling regions could not be found in the east coast except around the Kampo coast, southern part of the east coast. It is possible to isolate the North Korean Cold Water from tile proper water of tile Japan Sea by using $\sigma_t-O_2$ diagram. The origin of the cold water mass in offshore of the east coast of Korea in summer is not mainly due to the development of upwelling of the proper water of the Japan Sea but thesouthwardflolvingoftheNorthKoreanCold Water.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 1998

Twelve Italian ryegrass (Lolium mult~flomm L.) cultivars have recommended as the government recommended forage cultivars since 1984, however, the forage performance and quality have been mostly tested at two locations, such as Suweon and Sunghwan in the Middle Northwestern and Middle Southwestern Coast Regions, respectively. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to retest the forage performance and quality of already recommended twelve government Italian ryegrass cultivars at five scattered locations, such as Icheon, Suweon, Sunghwan, Keon- and Kwangju from 1992 to 1995 with the intention of improving recommendations to dairy farmers. Cultivars with more dry matter yield than the control 'Tetrone' were 'Tosca' , 'Bartissimo' , 'Florida 80' and 'Gordo' in the Middle Northwestern Coast Region ; 'Tosca' , 'Florida 80' , 'Bartissimo' , 'Wencke' and 'Gordo' in the Middle Southwestern Coast Region ; 'Tosca' , 'Florida 80' , 'Sikem' , 'Bartissimo' , 'Wencke' and 'Gordo' in the Keongbuk Inland Region; 'Florida 80', 'Tosca' , 'Barmultra' and 'Bartissimo' in the Southern Inland Region and 'Florida 80' , 'Gordo' , 'Sikem' , 'Bartissimo' and 'Tosca' in the Southern Coast Region. At all the locations in 1992-95, 'Florida 80' produced the highest forage yield and showed earliness, but this cultivar was less cold tolerant in the Middle Northwestern and Middle Southwestern Coast Regions and grew tall which made it vulnerable to lodging in all the exprimental regions except the Southern Coast. Differences among the ryegrass cultivars for the three year mean ADF and NDF were small and inconsistent.