• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.220-224
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• 2004

Objectives : To investigate the sexual behavioral characteristics and HIV/AIDS knowledge among men who have sex with men(MSM), one of the HIV high risk groups. Methods : A three month survey among individuals who were able to be contacted was carried out over the entire Republic of Korea, between May and August, 2001. 348 individuals completed a self-administered question-naire. The data collected included demographic informa-tion, sexual behavior and AIDS knowledge. Results : Eighty-seven and ninety-two per cent of the 348 MSM were aged 20-39 years and had never been married, respectively. Fifty-five per cent of participants reported at least one sexual contact with women, and a quarter of the MSM surveyed had engaged in high-risk sexual behavior (more than 6 partners) during the previous year. About twenty per cent of the MSM had anal sex as their favorite way of having sex, and seventy-four per cent did not use condoms regularly due to loss of enjoyment, and were more likely to be engaged in risky behaviors. Only ten per cent had a regular HIV test history, and most had obtained knowledge or information on HIV/AIDS through the mass media. Conclusions : A large proportion of the MSM in Korea still remain at an elevated risk for contracting HIV infection. Change in high-risk sexual behaviors will prevent the spread of HIV infection among the MSM population, which requires public health education for preventive interventions, and should be culturally and socially specific in order to be effective.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.696-704
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• 2003

The main purpose of this study is to examine the gay men's clothing attitude and preference according to gender role, for reviewing their clothing culture. Specifically, this study focuses on 1) investigating gay men's clothing attitude(brand orientation, conformity, fashion leadership, sexual attractiveness), 2) identifying their clothing preference, 3) comparing the difference of lifestyle, and 4) comparing the difference of their preference color and wearing the accessary, according to their gender role. Futhermore, this study compares those factors between gay men and heterosexual men. The data was collected from 168 persons(76 gay men and 92 heterosexual men) in LGHRF(Lesbian & Gay Human Rights Federation), Korea Gaymen's Coalition and adult men living in Seoul. To analyze data, the methodology adopted in this study is frequency, t-test, and ANOVA. The results found in this study are as followings: First, sexual attractiveness was significant factor for the gay men's clothing attitude and not concern about conformity. According to the gender role, bottom, who have much of the woman in composition, was more higher for the fashion leadership than top, who have a propensity for masculine. Second, gay men prefer to masculine, simple and casual style. According to the gender role, 'top' was more likely to masculine, simple and formal style rather than 'Bottom'. Third, Gay men were much more concern about a cultural life style. Furthermore, a preference color for both group was blue. Especially, gay men tended to prefer a chromatic color. The implication getting from conclusion in this study was to study Gay men's taste for a fashion, clothing attitude and their preference to purchase, etc., in considering their buying power for clothing in a fashion market.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.423-453
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• 2015

This study started with two questions. The first question is 'Why does organic agriculture want to be linked with cooperative?' The second is 'What is the characteristics of the mutual relationship between organic agriculture and cooperative?', especially in Wonju. Up to now, there have been various kinds of discussion about cooperation between organic agricultural campaign and cooperative in Wonju. But there are few concrete data showing what role cooperative plays in the cyclical process of production-distribution-consumption of organic agriculture. Thus, we conducted a survey applying the Delphi technique to the 35 organic agricultural specialists active in Wonju. First, small-scale family farm producers established a social economic cooperative network in around 2003 to perform 'the activities of innovators' through forming an organization. Producers moved from the stage in which they were supported one-sidedly by consumers to the stage where they could 'lead' cooperation. Each farm organization built a vertical integration, and horizontal cooperative systems with other farm organizations. But, practical cooperative activities have remained in the doldrums. They tend to show trends deviating from the principles of organic agriculture and cooperative. Second, the relationship between producers and consumers in Wonju can be described as 'producer-consumer cooperative type'. In Wonju, the producers' organization is not a sub-contractor which simply deliver organic agricultural products to producers' cooperative, but is an equal subject which creates its own value chain. The cooperative (cooperative organization) leads distribution and consumption of organic agricultural products and mutual communication. But, the closeness between producers and consumers has got loosened. And, it is problematic that the proportion of local food consumption in Wonju is very low. There is a very strong tendency to ride the central distribution system of producers' cooperative coalition. Consequently, it is necessary for producers' cooperatives in Wonju to run a local food distribution system based on the 'cooperative system among cooperatives'.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.106-114
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• 2021

무선 통신에 대한 요구는 민간 분야에서 뿐만 아니라 군 에서도 계속해서 증가하고 있다. 그러므로 무선 통신 기술의 개선이 사용자 요구에 부응할 필요가 있다. 무선 통신 기술의 활용에 있어서 주요 단점 중 하나는 할당된 주파수 대역의 많은 부분이 미 사용되는 스펙트럼의 비 효율적인 사용이라고 할 수 있다. 군 통신에 있어서 스펙트럼 부족문제는 다국적 연합 작전과 같은 상황에서 성공적인 작전을 수행하는데 제한사항이 될 수도 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결할 수 있는 방안으로 인지무선 네트워크는 실시간 사용 가능한 스펙트럼을 찾아서 사용할 수 있도록 해주는 중요한 기술이다. 또한 인지무선 네트워크 기술은 간섭을 피하고 시스템 전체의 스펙트럼 효율성을 개선하며 다양한 환경에서 유연성을 제공하는 등 스펙트럼 관련 문제들을 해결할 수 있다. 본 논문은 인지무선 네트워크의 군 작전환경에서의 활용 방안을 구체적으로 분석하여 제시하였으며 실제 작전 상황별로 적용 가능한 최적의 방안을 제시하였다.

• 산업노동연구
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.137-179
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• 2018

노동시장의 이중화에 직면하여 노동조합 활동을 중심으로 하는 기존의 노동운동에 대한 비판적 시각과 함께 새로운 노동운동의 필요성에 대한 논의가 활발하다. 그 중 하나로 본 연구는 노동자지원센터, 노동인권센터, 비정규센터 등 다양한 이름으로 활동하고 있는 지역의 비정규노동단체에 주목하여 이들 조직이 어떤 경로를 통해 성장 발전해 왔으며 어떻게 외연을 확장할 수 있었는지, 정체성은 무엇인지를 심층적으로 다룬다. 이 글의 핵심적인 내용은 비정규노동단체의 성장과 발전을 통시적인 접근법을 통해 비정규운동을 둘러싼 제도적 맥락의 변화와 그에 따른 운동의 특성 변화 및 정체성 형성의 과정을 재구성하는 것이다. 본 연구는 비정규노동센터운동이 시기적으로 기존 운동으로부터의 차별화, 탈정당화, 네트워크를 매개로 한 복합화과정 등 크게 3단계로 진화해 왔음을 확인할 수 있었다. 나아가 각 과정에서 비정규노동센터들 사이의 내적관계 그리고 이들이 기존의 노사관계행위자들과 맺는 운동외적관계를 분석적으로 고찰할 수 있었다. 끝으로 본 연구는 최근 주목받고 있는 비정규노동센터운동의 이론적 함의 및 비정규 노동운동의 성공적 사례로 남을 수 있을지 아니면 또 다른 실패로 귀결될 것인지를 토론하였다.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.67-90
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• 2019

Objectives : This study aims to summarize Tang Zong-hai's Qi transformation theory of the Six meridians through his book "Shanghanlun Qianzhubuzheng傷寒論淺注補正" where he integrated Western anatomy with the Qi transformation theory of East Asian Medicine to interpret Zhang Zhong Jing's "Shanghanlun(傷寒論)". The objective is to assist clinical application. Methods : Focusing on the contents of disease of the six meridians in the "傷寒論淺注補正", Tang's theories on the function of Zangfu(臟腑), Opening-Closing-Pivot(關闔樞), Inter-communication of Zangfu(臟腑相通), the Twelve Meridians(十二經脈) from his other publication "中西匯通醫經精義" were examined and related to in the process of explaining Qi transformation theory in detail. Results : 1. The Qi transformation function of the Taiyang meridian is related to "膀胱者, 氣化則能出" where the Small Intestine and Bladder inter-communicate. 2. The Qi transformation function of the Yangming meridian is related to the control of dryness and dampness through the Qi transformation of "陽明不從標本, 從乎中." 3. The Qi transformation function of the Shaoyang meridian is related to the Life-Fire function of the Triple Energizer-Gallbladder-Pericardium coalition through "少陽屬腎." 4. The Qi transformation function of the Taiyang meridian refers to the Heart Fire nurturing the Spleen Earth by creating 膏油 through veins. 5. The Qi transformation function of the Shaoyin meridian is related to the controlling of the Nutrient Qi(營氣) and Defense Qi(衛氣) through '心主血脈, 腎主元氣.' 6. The Qi transformation function of the Jueyin meridian is related to the ability of 和風 which results from '陰盡陽生' to harmonize and control the balance of Water Coldness(水冷) and Fire Heat(火熱). Conclusions : Tang's Qi Transformation Theory of the Six Meridians is his key theory explained from the perspective of Qi transformation of disease in the six meridians of "Shanghanlun", closely related to basic theories such as theory of Zang form(臟象學說), Opening-Closing-Pivot(關闔樞), Inter-communication of Zangfu(臟腑相通), the Twelve Meridians(十二經脈) of East Asian Medicine.

• 한국사회정책
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.197-221
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• 2013

2008년 세계 경제위기는 유럽 경제에 악영향을 미쳤는데, 특히 남유럽 국가의 피해가 컸다. 이탈리아의 정책결정자들에게는 경제위기가 오래 전부터 실행되었어야 할 복지 예산 삭감 정책을 추구할 수 있는 논리적인 계기가 되었다. 따라서 2011~2012년에 몬티정부는 신자유주의적인 재정긴축 정책들을 펼쳤다. 일반적으로 대륙유럽의 비스마르크 복지국가들은 개혁하기에 어렵기 때문에, 이탈리아에서 진행 중인 신자유주의적인 개혁을 이해하려면 이론적인 틀이 필요하다. 본 연구는 Sabatier(1988)의 ACF이론을 참고하여 2008년 경제위기 이후의 이탈리아 사회정책 개혁의 논리를 이해하고자 한다. 연구를 통해, 복지 삭감을 설명하는 데에 있어서 경제위기와 유럽연합의 역할 등 외부적인 영향들이 상당히 중요했으며, 정책결정과정에 있어서는 시민사회의 역할이 축소된 결과로 높은 실업률 등의 사회문제가 악화되고 있는 것을 알 수 있다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.308-323
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to construct and test a predictive model for the quality of life (QOL) in mothers of children with developmental disabilities (DB). The hypothesized model included severity of illness, distress, uncertainty, self-help, and parenting efficacy as influencing factors, QOL as a consequence based on the Braden's Self-Help Model. Methods: The data were collected through a direct and online surveys from 206 mothers in 8 locations, including welfare or daycare centers, developmental treatment centers, and The Parents' Coalition for the Disabled located in two provinces of Korea. Data were analysed using SPSS/WIN 23.0 and AMOS 21.0 program. Results: The fit indices of the predictive model satisfied recommended levels; 𝛘² = 165.79 (p < .001), normed 𝛘² (𝛘²/df) = 2.44, RMR = .04, RMSEA = .08, GFI = .90, AGFI = .85, NFI = .91, TLI = .93, CFI = .95. Among the variables, distress (β = - .46, p < .001), parenting efficacy (β = .22, p < .001), and self-help (β = .17, p = .018) had direct effects on QOL. Severity of illness (β = - .61, p = .010) and uncertainty (β = - .08, p = .014) showed indirect effects. The explanatory power of variables was 61.0%. Conclusion: The study results confirm the utility of Braden's Self-Help Model. They provide a theoretical basis for improving QOL in mothers of children with DB. Nursing intervention strategies that can relieve mothers' distress and uncertainty related to disease and enhance parenting efficacy and self-help behavior should be considered.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.91-101
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• 2010

전투관리언어인 BML은 미군에서 가상 부대 및 실제 부대를 지휘 및 통제하기 제공하기 위한 명확한 언어라고 정의할 수 있다. BML은 C2 체계와 M&S를 연결하기 위해 미국과 NATO에서 개발되었다. BML이 개발된 목적은 전장정보를 통해 상황인식을 제공하고, C2 체계와 M&S간 상호운용을 위한 해법을 제시하는 것이라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 육군에서 시작하여 다국적국으로 구성된 환경으로 확장되고 있는 미국의 BML 개발과정에 대해서 설명하고, 한국군에서 C4I체계와 M&S간 상호운용을 위한 BML 적용 방안에 대해서 제안한다. 최근, 미국에서는 BML을 연합국으로 구성된 환경에서 적용하여 긍정적인 결과를 얻었는데, 이는 C2 체계와 M&S간 상호운용에 대한 가능성을 보여주었다. 마지막으로, 본 연구는 BML을 한국군에 적용하기 위한 방안으로 한국군 합동지휘통제체계를 중심으로 제안하였다. 이는 향후 한국군에서 BML 적용시 밑그림을 제공 할 것이라고 판단된다.

• 동남아시아연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.173-218
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• 2009

Bring this analysis down to people-centered development perspective and looking through democratization in the Philippines, Thailand and Indonesia, we find similarities and differences among them related with the intensity of conflicts between development and human rights in the process of democratization in line with global transformation. Civil society in the Philippines criticized the developmental path in the Philippines which failed to implement land reform and eradication of poverty under the transition from 'patrimonial oligarchy' to democracy. In Thailand the coalition of military and the royalists had consolidated its power since Sarit military regime, which later paved the way 'hybrid oligarchy' era. Most Thai civil society organizations has regarded their developmental experience rather as 'maldevelopment' which disregarded economic and social rights. It has been especially believed by Thai localists that the stimulation of local markets and the building of autonomic community society will form the alternative economy without going against the conservative banner of nation, religion and king. Thaksin as a populist successfully took advantage of Thai localist ethos in favour of taking the seat of power. He projected himself as a modernizer focused on economic growth and cleaner politics. However Thaksin's procedural legitimacy was overthrown by counterattacking from military-royalist alliance, pretexting that Thaksin caused internal conflicts and lacked morality. Soeharto's New Order regime which can be called 'administrative oligarchy' had an antipathy towards notions of economic and social rights as well as civil and political rights. In spite of the fact that the fall of Soeharto opened the political space for democratic civil society organizations which had long struggled with development aggression and human rights abuses, there have been continuously a strong political and military reaction against human rights activists, NGOs and ethnic minorities such as Aceh and Papua. Nevertheless, Indonesian democracy is more promising than Philippine's and Thai democracy in terms of comparatively less pre-modern legacies.