• Mycobiology
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.104-114
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• 2020

The carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZyme) genes of Trametes contribute to polysaccharide degradation. However, the comprehensive analysis of the composition of CAZymes and the biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) of Trametes remain unclear. Here, we conducted comparative analysis, detected the CAZyme genes, and predicted the BGCs for nine Trametes strains. Among the 82,053 homologous clusters obtained for Trametes, we identified 8518 core genes, 60,441 accessory genes, and 13,094 specific genes. A large proportion of CAZyme genes were cataloged into glycoside hydrolases, glycosyltransferases, and carbohydrate esterases. The predicted BGCs of Trametes were divided into six strategies, and the nine Trametes strains harbored 47.78 BGCs on average. Our study revealed that Trametes exhibits an open pan-genome structure. These findings provide insights into the genetic diversity and explored the synthetic biology of secondary metabolite production for Trametes.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.53-72
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• 2021

Objective: This study aimed to reveal early childhood teachers' perceptions of teacher competency for ESD using concept mapping and demonstrating its importance. Methods: 16 early childhood teachers in charge of 3-5 year olds conducted statement writing, and then the importance of selected statements were rated by 160 early childhood teachers in charge of 3-5 year olds. Selected statements were analyzed through multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis. Results: Early childhood teachers perceived teacher competency for ESD in early childhood as concept mapping with two-dimensions and six clusters. The following six clusters were established (1) ethics for sustainable development, (2) willingness to participate in ESD, (3) development and operation of a sustainable development curriculum, (4) recognition and practice of environmental issues, (5) realization of value for sustainable development, and (6) practical thinking for ESD. And then among the six clusters, the most important cluster was recognized as 'ethics for sustainable development', and among the statements 'having an open mind to understand multiculturalism and the disabled' was considered relatively important Conclusion/Implications: Based on these results, we discussed the importance of teacher competency for ESD in early childhood, development of teacher competency scale, and preparation of a teacher education plans for each competency.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.835-848
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 방대한 지형 데이터의 효과적 가시화를 위한 클라이언스-서버 기반의 분산/병렬 시스템을 제안한다. 이 시스템은 웹 기반으로 수행되는 클라이언트 GUI 프로그램과 복수의 PC 클러스터에서 구동되는 분산/병렬 서버 프로그램으로 구성된다. PC 뿐만 아니라 모바일 기기에서도 클라이언트 프로그램이 수행될 수 있도록 자바 기반의 OpenGL 그래픽스 라이브러리인 JOGL을 사용하여 GUI를 설계하였으며, 사용하는 기기의 현재 사용 가능한 메모리 크기와 화면의 최대 해상도 정보를 서버에게 전달하여 서버의 작업을 최소화하였다. 서버로 사용된 PC 클러스터는 분산된 지형 데이터를 액세스하고 이를 클라이언트로부터 받은 정보에 따라 적절히 리샘플링 한 후 이를 다시 전송하는 작업을 담당한다. 서버의 각 노드들뿐만 아니라 클라이언트까지 캐시 자료구조를 유지함으로써 분산된 방대한 지형 데이터의 반복 접근 시 발생되는 지연 시간을 최소화하도록 설계하였다.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제13A권2호
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• pp.157-162
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• 2006

최근의 고성능 컴퓨팅 플랫폼들은 공유 메모리 다중 프로세서(SMP: Shared Memory Multiprocessor) 시스템, 대규모 병렬 프로세서 (Massively Parallel Processor) 시스템, 여러 개의 컴퓨팅 노드들을 연결한 클러스터(Cluster) 시스템 등으로 분류된다. 이러한 고성능 컴퓨팅 시스템들은 높은 수준의 컴퓨팅 성능을 요구하는 과학 기술용 응용 프로그램들을 위하여 사용된다. 이러한 응용 프로그램들의 실행시 최적의 성능을 얻기 위해서는 적절한 컴퓨팅 플랫폼과 프로그래밍 방식의 선택이 중요하다. 본 연구 논문에서는 여러 방식의 병렬 프로그래밍 모델을 사용하여 개발된 SPEC HPC2002 벤치마크 suite을 위한 최적의 컴퓨팅 플랫폼과 프로그래밍 모델을 그들의 성능 분석 및 평가 작업을 통하여 찾아간다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.825-834
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• 2021

Based on its simplicity and user-friendly characteristics, OpenMP has become the standard model for programming on shared-memory architectures. Checkpointing-aided parallel execution (CAPE) is an approach that utilizes the discontinuous incremental checkpointing technique (DICKPT) to translate and execute OpenMP programs on distributed-memory architectures automatically. Currently, CAPE implements the OpenMP execution model by utilizing the DICKPT to distribute parallel jobs and their data to slave machines, and then collects the results after executing these distributed jobs. Although this model has been proven to be effective in terms of performance and compatibility with OpenMP on distributed-memory systems, it cannot fully exploit the capabilities of multicore processors. This paper presents a novel execution model for CAPE that utilizes two levels of parallelism. In the proposed model, we add another level of parallelism in the form of multithreaded processes on slave machines with the goal of better exploiting their multicore CPUs. Initial experimental results presented near the end of this paper demonstrate that this model provides significantly enhanced CAPE performance.

• 천문학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.37-49
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• 1984

UBV photoelectric observations were carried out for bright stars in M67 and the masses of clump stars and giant stars were derived in M67 and the other old open clusters, NGC 188, NGC 2420, NGC 2506 and IC 4651. The mean mass of clump stars in the five clusters ranges $m=0.5{\sim}1.0m_{\odot}$, and its ratio to the mean mass of giant stars is about 0.83. The number ratio of blue stragglers to the stars brighter than the turn-off of main sequence increases with cluster age whereas that of clump stars decreases with age. These results imply that the clump stars and blue stragglers are at the phase of horizontal branch evolution.

• STI Policy Review
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.24-53
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• 2015

Foresight, a major methodological tool in the STI policy toolbox, has recently featured new directions in methodological development, becoming influenced by progress in information and communication technologies and online tools. However, no overview of these directions has been available so far. Based on a literature review, an interactive workshop, and an international expert survey as well as expert interviews, the research presented here attempts to shed light onto some of the relevant issues by providing a structured overview of recent changes in order to further the debate on the future directions of methodological development in foresight. The paper outlines four clusters of emerging approaches in foresight:Integrated qualitative and quantitative approaches, IT-based and automated foresight, experiential foresight including new forms of communication and interaction such as visualization and gaming, and open and crowd-sourced approaches. The benefits and challenges of the approaches known so far are categorized and summarized, and areas of potential use for each of the clusters in STI contexts are identified.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.309-317
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• 2018

In this study, a laser sheet technique and PLIF (Planar laser-induced fluorescence) are applied to a laboratory-scale pulverized coal burner of the open type, and the spatial relationship of the pulverized coal particle zone and the combustion reaction zone is examined by simultaneous measurement of Mie scattering and OH-LIF images. It is found that this technique can be used to investigate the spatial relationship of the combustion reaction zone and pulverized-coal particles in turbulent pulverized-coal flames without disturbing the combustion reaction field. In the upstream region, the combustion reaction occurs only in the periphery of the clusters where high-temperature burned gas of the methane pilot flame is entrained and oxygen supply is sufficient. In the downstream region, however, combustion reaction can be seen also within clusters of pulverized-coal particles, since the temperature of pulverized-coal particles rises, and the mixing with emitted volatile matter and ambient air is promoted.

• 천문학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.157-170
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• 1996

In order to determine the metallicity of a globuar cluster, M3,by using the spectral indices, a kind of index grid has been establshed by stars in globular clusters, M3, M15, M71 and old open cluster, NGC 188. The indices were measured from the medium resolution spectra of about $2{\AA}$. The summed indices were used to determine metallicity in order to increase signals. It is found that the core depth index is measured more accurately and leads result more accurate than the pseudo-equivalent width index. This method can be further improved by including many more calibration globular clusters of various metallicity to make finer grids. By this method, the metallicity of M3 is determined as $[Fe/H] = -1.46\pm0.15$.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.159-179
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• 2020

Purpose: We present a scientometric review of the literature on platform government to serve three primary purposes: First, to cluster researches on platform government based on the research issues; second, to identify the major papers, authors, and keywords in the domain; and third, to explore the promising research areas of platform government. Design/methodology/approach: We collected the platform government research from Web of Science, and analyzed 1,536 articles that was published during time span of 1998-2019. Next, co-citation networks are constructed and analyzed by using CiteSpace to visualize the domain clusters and dynamic research trends in the platform government domain. Findings: We identified 13 sub areas of the platform government research: global investigation, consumer product quality, digital agora, civic crowd funding, and open data use etc. We also visualize the top 20 references with the strongest citation bursts, co-authors network, co-occurring keyword network, and timeline of co-citation clusters.