• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.310-316
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• 2006

Fitness of clothes becomes a major concern in apparel industry. But male sports athletes had difficulties to buy ready-made clothes of good fit. Because ready-made clothes manufactured in companies are produced accordingly to the general person's body types. To solve this problem, it is necessary to classify athletes' upper body into several kinds of somatotypes. The purpose of this study was to classify upper body types of male sports athletes based on the analysis of their upper body types and to provide fundamental data on the development of ready-to-wear clothing appropriate for the upper body types. The subjects for anthropometric measurement were 189 male sports athletes of 20 to 29 year-old. The result of factor analysis indicated that 6 factors were extracted from anthropometric measurements through analysis and those factors comprise 73.807% of total variance. 3 clusters were categorized using 6 factor scores by cluster analysis. Type 1 was taller than other types, had average size in circumference, width and thickness and was bending somatotype. Type 2 exhibits a large circumference in the upper body and straight somatotype. Type 3 was characterized by short, exhibits a large circumference in waist, abdomen and hip and swayback somatotype.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• summer
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• pp.36-38
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• 2004

This paper presents an application of parallel hybrid Genetic Algorithm-Tabu Search (GA-TS) algorithm to search an optimal solution of a recokiguration in distribution system. In parallel hybrid CA-TS, after CA operations, stings which are not emerged in the past population are selected in the reproduction procedure. After reproduction operation, if there are many strings which are in the past population, we add new random strings into the population, if there's no improvement for the predetermined iteration, local search procedure is executed by TS for the strings with high fitness function value. To show the usefulness of the proposed method, developed algorithm has been tested and compared on a distribution system in the reference paper.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• summer
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• pp.446-448
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• 2004

This paper presents an application of parallel hybrid Genetic Algorithm-Tabu Search (GA-TS) algorithm to search an optimal solution of a service restoration in distribution system. In parallel hybrid GA-TS, after GA operations, strings which are not emerged in the past population are selected in the reproduction procedure. After reproduction operation, if there are many strings which are in the past population, we add new random strings into the population. If there's no improvement for the predetermined iteration, local search procedure is executed by f for the strings with high fitness function value. To show the usefulness of the proposed method, developed algorithm has been tested and compared on a practical distribution system in Korea.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.677-686
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• 2019

This study helps out-size consumers purchase ready-made clothes and improve fitness by classifying the lower bodies of abdomen-obese adult males in their 20s and older; in addition, it creates a size system based on each size interval of obesity type. The criteria for the 559 male subjects surveyed in this study were over $25kg/m^2$ of BMI, over 90 cm of waist, and over 0.85 waist hip ratio. The results are as follows. First, the higher the age group, the higher the degree of abdominal obesity in each age group. The degree of obesity then decreases somewhat as their age increases; however, the risk of abdominal obesity also increases. Second, 3 clusters were categorized by cluster analysis, into abdominal obesity, larger oval-type, trapezoid-type and small cylinder-type. Third, the size system establishment according to lower-body types resulted in basic body sizes and reference body sizes being different according to types even in commonly-appeared size names in the sections of respective types. The above research findings show it is necessary to understand obesity types according to waist and hip sizes that represent basic sizes and to design patterns in consideration of the characteristics of obese body shapes when lower-half body clothes are designed among obesity groups.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.43-63
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• 2004

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to classify the patterns of health behaviors of some rural residents in Korea by sub-grouping them into populations with similar patterns of diet quality, physical activity, alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking, and then to investigate the relationship between these health behavior patterns and health status or health management of them. Methods: The study subjects were 722 rural residents above 20 years old on a typical rural district in Korea, and the data used in this study was from the survey data for health planning of a health center. Study questionnaire for this survey was developed from modifying the questionnaire for 'National Nutrition and Health Study' conducted in 1998. To classify health behavior patterns, cluster analysis was conducted. And to test the association of health behavior patterns with health status or health management, multiple logistic regression analysis were conducted. Results: The results and their implications of this study were as follows: 1. We identified six health behavior typologies : 67.8% of the sample had a good diet quality but showed sedentary activity level(good diet lifestyle) and 10.9% had heavy smoking behavior(smoking lifestyle). Individuals included in fitness lifestyle cluster(6.2%) had high physical activity level and those in drinking life style(2.6%) had had mainly large amount of alcohol. Zero point six percent of sample were included in hedonic lifestyle cluster, who showed poor health behaviors in all. Those included in passive lifestyle(11.9%) had no active health promoting activities but tended to avoid risk taking health behavior such as cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking. 2. As a result of logistic regression analysis, to compare with the individuals in good diet lifestyle, the prevalence of chronic diseases of those in fitness lifestyle showed higher and that of those in smoking lifestyle, drinking lifestyle, hedonic lifestyle, passive lifestyle showed lower than them, retrospectively. 3. Adjusting with general characteristics and health status, to compare with the individuals in good diet lifestyle, the proportion of those who had good health management practices in fitness lifestyle was higher, and the proportion of those who had health check in past 2 years was lower than them, retrospectively. Conclusions: There were some differences in health behavior patterns between rural population and national population, which influenced significantly on health status and health management practice of them. We suggested that the health promotion program for them be developed with considering these points.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.3-26
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• 2011

The objective of this study is to improve export performance using e-Trade marketing systems. The use of e-Trade has been increasing but there is some controversy about the performance of e-Trade marketing for Small-to-Medium enterprises (SME). The research construct for determining the export performance is suggested and five factors are introduced in this paper such as: B2B relationship and cooperation, product complexity, online fitness, level of internationalization, and use of e-Trade marketing. Sample data were collected from the companies who are familiar with the e-Trade systems. The result shows that the use of e-Trade marketing mostly contributes to the increase of export performance. The regression and cluster analysis shows that both variables of e-Trade marketing and on-line fitness are significant to high export performance group. The implication for SMEs is that the use of e-Trade marketing methods could contribute to the increase of export performance and more analytical works need to be made for future study.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.262-268
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• 2007

To characterize morphological classification of the basins, four major basin characteristics of the unit basins, including sinuosity, ratio of forest, ratio of flat area, and tributary existence were selected for cluster analysis. The analysis was carried out using soil map, topographic map, water course map, and basin map of the fifty unit basins in the Yeongsangang Basin. The unit basins could be categorized to five basin groups. The fitness by the Mantel test showed good fit of which r was 0.830. These grouping based on comprehensive soil and topographic characteristics provides best management practices, water quality management according to pollutants, increased water related model application and reasonable availability of water management. For agricultural management of water resources and conservation of water quality from agricultural non-point pollutants, therefore, comprehensive systematic classification of soil characteristics on unit basin might be an useful tool.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.391-399
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• 2012

This study helps out-size consumers purchase swimsuits and improves fitness by classifying the torso of middle-aged obese women; in addition, it creates a size system based on each size interval for obese types. The criteria for subjects in this study were over 25kg/$m^2$ of the BMI, over 85cm of waist, and over 95cm of bust; 199 females were surveyed. Three torso types were categorized by a cluster analysis into X type (the vertical size of hip girth was the biggest of the three and the waist was slender), H-O type (larger than other groups in bust girth with more fat above the circumstance of the abdomen), and Y type (the upper half of body development type and lower body fatness were between those of type X and those of type H-O). As a consequence of size system establishment according to obesity types, the basic body sizes and reference body sizes were different according to types even in commonly-appeared size names at sections of respective types. The research findings show the necessity to understand obesity types according to bust girth and hip girth sizes that represent basic sizes as well as to design patterns in consideration of the characteristics of obese body shapes when swimsuits are designed for obese groups. The findings can be used as basic data to decide the desirable output of production according to respective body types.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.327-337
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is for size suitability and fitness improvement for Korean 20's women. This study has classified hip types of 20's women by the 6th Korean Anthropometric Survey(Size Korean), then compared their lower body-type by hip types each other. The results are as follows. Factor analysis in sorting hip types can be explained 77.72% by nine factors. And cluster analysis can be divided into three types. Type 1 is referred to as a general type which has the largest size in the 'Hip circumference', but the buttocks's horizontal sizes are in the middle size besides the hip line. Type 2 is referred to as a protruding type in upper buttocks which is large in protruding volume of upper buttocks, but the buttock's horizontal sizes are small including 'Hip circumference', and buttock's horizontal section form close to circle. Type 3 is referred to as a type which is contrary to Type 2. Type 3 is small in protruding volume of upper buttocks, but large in lower buttocks, and the protrusions in whole buttocks are small, so the side view of Type 3 made gentle fit shape. By these results, the study could classify lower body of 20's women, and it can be basic data for new sizing systems and pattern development of bottoms.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.904-910
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• 2009

The aim of this study is to help out-size consumers purchase the ready-made clothes and improve clothing fitness by classifying the lower bodies of abdomen-obese adult males and by setting up some size system according to each size interval of obesity types. The including criteria for subjects in this study was over 25 kg/$m^2$ of the BMI, over 90 cm of waist, and over 0.85 of WHR, and a total of 538 adult males satisfying them were enrolled. Results are as follows; 1st, the higher the age bracket was, the more increase in each age bracket's lower-degree obesity rate there was along with the more decrease in moderate-degree, while the higher the age bracket was, the more increasing tendency toward each age bracket's abdominal obesity there was. 2nd, 3 clusters were categorized by cluster analysis, into abdominal obesity, high-degree-type, trapezoid-type and cylinder-type. And 3rd, as a consequence of size system establishment according to lower-body types, the basic body sizes and reference body sizes were different according to types even in commonly-appeared size names at sections of respective types. The research findings above suggests that it is necessary to figure out the obesity types according to waist and hip sizes representing basic sizes and to design the patterns in consideration of the characteristics of obese body shapes when lower-half body clothes are designed among obesity groups. And it may be used as a basic data to decide the desirable output of production according to respective body types.