• 복식
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• 제41권
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• pp.185-206
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to improve productivity for maximum effects with the present equipments and staff. This study compared and analyzed the mea-sured time by using stop watch method and MTM, which was the new measuring method. The flow and results of this study were as follows: 1. This study investigated the theoretical background the efficiency for production management, and the way of productivity improvement through documentary research. 2. Setting up the standard flow on the experi-mental company production, making out a process chart and measuring the actual working hour. 3. The study measured the allowance time applying work sampling. 4. Each process of the movement analysis was filmed by video to use basic data. 5. MTM analysis was taken by choosing 10 processes from front bodice according to the basic movement of MTM. Through the results, this study exclude unneccesary movements and suggest a method for working ways. 6. Using the actual working hour measured by a stop watch calculated the pitch time and presumed the amount of daily productivity. 7. The result of the work sampling came out as 38% of allowance rate. It was 13% higher than the standard amount of woman's jacket allowance rate, which was 25%. The most influencing factor was work discussion. That was because there were commuication problem of the work way between the operator and leader. More adequate use of flow table and level passing table was needed. There were the problems that inappropriate places and sizes made the distance of movements longer and often needed more adjustment of works and surroundings. To prevent breakdowns equipments check ups were necessary before works. 8. The results of MTM analysis were as follow : the time was reduced 40% than the actual measured time by a stop watch. This was because the leveling of the operator was included in the real calculation. Also, leveling was included in MTM analysis and all the conditions were standarized. Therefore MTM method was a scientidic measuring way of establishing the standard time. The presented method of this study, suggested an ideal method eliminating unneccesary motions, and presented standardization of works. Improvement of working methods, work condition and simplifying motions in each 10 processes reduced the working time from total 656 seconds to 301 seconds. 9. The way and time of working was linked together in the MTM analysis methods. Thus data from MTM help suggest not only establishing standard time but also establishing stan-dard work. Plus it includes various ability for improvements of working ways. So it is an objective method which can be widely used in other work studies. 10. The function of a time study is to determine the amount of work produced with a given method. The work rate is used to establish the cost of labor. The wage of worker must be calculated per unit time which is deter-mined before the time study is made. This study tried to introduce the incentive rule for deciding wages according to the standard time by MTM method.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.21-30
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• 1989

The U.S. response to increased international competition was examined in the present study in order to have more comprehensive understanding of the U.S. textile and clothing market. The method employed to conduct the study was the analysis of the written materials, interview with professionals, and the survey of the actual situations of the U.S. textile and apparel industries. The results are summarized as follows; 1. Official U.S. textile and apparel trade policy has been quite has been quite protective since 1950's. The protective trend has been embodied in Japan Cotton Textile Export Control (reciprocal trade agreement signed by the U.S. and Japan in 1957), Short Term Arrangement Regarding International Trade in Cotton Textiles, Long Term Cotton Textile Arrangement (1962∼1973), and Multi-fiber Arrangement (1974∼). Other governmental programs designed to improve the competitiveness of the U.S. textile and apparel industries include Long-term Textile and Apparel Products Export-expansion Program, and 807 Trade to take labor cost advantage. 2. Along with the quite protective governmental trade policy, the corporate responses have been made such as new sourcing mixes, investment in technology, specialization in the textile and apparel industries, and recent strategies pursued by retailer's. The apparel industry was subject to pressure from imports that increased at moderate levels, and the U.S. textile and apparel industries have made extensive efforts to adjust to the increasing competition from abroad. The textile and apparel industries have taken steps to increase labor productivity through automation, to speed management to create and introduce new products and new methods, and have lowered indirect overhead costs. Several industrywide promotion campaigns have attempted to establish a greater public awareness of international competition and to develop a preference for apparel produced in the United States. 3. Regarding these response of the U.S. and other situations of world textile and apparel trade market, much of the sense of crisis that pervades Korean textile and apparel industries has to do with the problem of adjusting government and corporate policy. Textile and apparel industry of Korea faces on going pressure to reduce costs, improve quality, increase service, develop new markets, diversify, and differentiate itself from its foreign competitors. The strategies that have been adopted in the past have generally worked in the past, but the time has come to adopt strategies that reflect present conditions. If this is not done, then we stand to lose large segments of these industries, which once lost will not easily be regenerated.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.165-182
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• 1994

Korea's clothing industry which has been country's leading export industry and basic strategical industry is now faced with many difficulties both domestically and internationally. Domestically it is faced with continuing shortage of manpower in both production line and management high labour cost causing increase in price putting more weight on behavior of consumers resulting in change of industrial environment and continuing structural problems of industry itself. Internationally it is faced with strengthening of import regulations and protectionism of developed countries and rapid emergence of underdeveloped countries as leading exporting nations. In reality export plays the most essential role in our economy and is especially sensitive to the external environmental factors. Already economic bloc phonomenon can be seen everywhere and is continuing to accelerate in place such as E. U in Europ, North & South America as NAFTA, and South East Asian contries which recent tendency of economic unity effort is present. These countries of such economic blocs are imposing heavy custom duties reinforcing provision of country origin and acting out strict inspection regulations in order to protect the interest of their own industry. Therefore it is vital to manufacture excellent quality goods For these reasons study in this area has brought attention in Korea as well as worldwide in the recent years. Apparel industry which requires professional technology and ability is the most competitive international business. In order to challenge the international market the high level of intelligence is most required to produce high quality goods. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between functions and roles of marketing and to approach problems in more efficient manner. Apparel industry is composed of various programs such as design pattern making merchandising and textile science. To succeed in the business is to give the highest satisfaction to the targeted market. Hence this study will example the factors that determine the Cost Quality and Performance of apparel products. The study will involve following steps; firstly establish relationship between the quality concept and productivity of apparel products Secondly inquire in to marketing strategy laying stress on apparel production related factors focusing on merchandising marketing production and operations Thirdly prospect 21st century apparel industry focusing on garment production and trade and also other countries structural improvement Fourthly establish the new dimension of competitive factors by grasping the actual circumstance of Korea's apparel industry in the international market. The research method will include; First reality approach method by analysing the present state of industry Second literal analysis such as marketing comparisons between leading apparel exporting countries.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.455-463
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• 2020

본 연구자는 선행 연구를 통해 태초부터 전개된 인류의 예술에 내포된 죽음의 미학의 전개 과정을 정리한 바 있다. 본 연구는 해당 연구를 심화시킨 후속 연구로, 알렉산더 맥퀸의 패션 작품에 담긴 죽음의 미학적 의미를 연구하였는데, 먼저 죽음의 미학적 특성을 분류하고, 이를 근거로 알렉산더 맥퀸의 의상 작품에서의 죽음의 미학적 특성을 분석 정리하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 죽음의 미학적 표현은 죽음의 재현성, 상징성, 및 종교성의 세 가지로 나뉜다. 재현성 표현은 실질적 대상 재현과 상상의 대상 재현을 포함하며. 상징적 표현은 외면적 표현과 내면적 표현 두 가지를 포함한다. 둘째, 알렉산더 맥퀸의 작품에서 죽음의 재현성은 주로 가상의 무대 장면과 복장을 통해 구현하였다. 셋째, 죽음의 상징성은 육체적인 죽음과 직결된 해골, 혈액 등뿐만 아니라 죽음에 따른 다양한 정서와 심리상태도 보여준다. 넷째, 죽음의 종교성은 알렉산더 맥퀸의 작품에서 십자가 등의 모티브로 종교적 내용을 재현한 것으로 표현한 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제46권9호
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• pp.99-112
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• 2008

The increasing rate of obesity in school aged children has become a conspicuous social phenomenon in Korea. This has been linked to greater economic growth, increasingly westernized dietary habits, and a consumer driven society. Given that obesity can lead to social exclusion or unfavorable attention by other students in a school setting, the design of plus-size garments have become important for effective appearance management skills. This research aimed to establish a somatotype database for obese school boys, aged 10 to 12, in order to develop a sizing system for plus-size upper garments. In order to measure somatotype of average and obese school boys, five categories were recorded; height, obesity, length of trunk, thickness of neck and chest. For obese boys, subcutaneous fat thickness and position of B.P/shoulder point factors were recorded. Obesity factor was subdivided into overall and specific ones, and while the deviation of obese body types was severe compared to the average type. Obese body type showed significantly higher measurements in width, girth, thickness. This is linked to the fact that the frequency ratio of obesity increases with age. Stature and chest were chosen as control dimensions for boys' wear. As crosstabulation of stature(5cm interval) and chest girth(2, 3 and 4cm), and stature(5cm interval)/chest girth(3cm interval) sizing system showed, the most effective cover ratio and adaptability to the data distribution $25{\sim}75$ quartile. Based on the findings, 10 sizes were formulated for average body type, while 18 sizes were formulated for obese type, whose size cover ratios were 48% and 62.9%, respectively. The primary ranges of stature were $145cm{\sim}150cm$, while those of chest girth were $79{\sim}82cm$. Each size was declared as "chest-somatotype{A(average)/O(obesity)-stature". This study proposed a plus-size upper garment sizing systems for obese boys, accompanied with reference measurements for suit, casual wear and underwear. The finding showed that the two systems were totally separate and not overlapping, meaning that plus-size sizing system is essential for obese school boys. The obesity type system had more size and wider range specs.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.492-500
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• 2018

동절기 방한복의 성능 평가는 주로 열 저항으로 이루어지고 있다. 그러나, 이를 측정하기 위한 KS가 개정되면서, 동일한 표본의 시험결과가 개정 결과에 비하여 감소하는 결과를 초래하였다. 또한, 공인 시험기관마다 변경된 시험 절차 대한 해석의 차이가 발생하여 시험 기관 간에 결과 편차도 크게 발생하고 있으며, 이로 인해 군수품의 품질보증에 상당한 애로가 되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 개정된 시험방법에 따른 보온율 감소 현상의 원인을 분석함으로써, 개정 전과 후의 결과 편차를 최소화하고자 한다. 이를 위해 규격의 개정 전과 개정 후의 시험 조건의 차이와 이로 인해 발생 가능한 결과를 검토한다. 또한, 규격의 임의해석에 따른 시험 기관간 결과 편차 발생의 원인을 분석함으로써 시험 기관간의 결과 편차를 최소화 하고자 한다. 이를 바탕으로 개정 전 시험 방법과 편차가 가장 적은 조건을 확인하여 보온율 감소 현상을 예방하기 위한 표준을 제시하고자 한다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.83-91
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to provide some useful references to the educational field in terms of providing on analysis of job characteristics of fashion designers working in the women's wear industries. The data were collected from 102 fashion designers working in women's wear industries through the questionnaire and were analyzed by SPSS packages of frequencies and percentiles for comparative study, and the results are as follows: 1. The demographic characteristics of the fashion designers are; unmarried (80.4%), working less than 2 years (20.2%), completion of junior college(68.6%), majority ages between 20-24 yrs(43.1%). An average length of working in one company war less than 6 months. 2. The ratio computer usage of the design room was approx. 52.0% especially in the management of sales (52.9%) and the ratio in fashion design was approx. 17.6% in merchandising planning. 3. 76.4% of respondents was working 10 hours a day, and 50% of them was dissatisfied on the job caused by excessive working hour (31.4%) and job over load (35.3%). In the developing fashion design with the relation of actual job, insufficient knowledges of the concerned technical and production fields (68.6%) were indicated as the most difficult area. In addition, fashion magazines were considered as the most helpful resource(94.1%). 4. It was noted that the target age groups for the brand were clearly divided into two groups, notably the early and middle of twenties and the early and middle forties. Among the produced items, formal wears were accounted for 52.9%. 5. As far as the contents of job are concerned, the fashion designers are mostly engaged in purchasing textile, collecting informations of fashion, quality control, whereas their actual job is apparel design. 6. The training that the fashion designer received beside formal education includes attendance of private institutes(62.7%), OJT(7.8%), seminars(4.9%). Regarding formal education, the respond indicated that they had least opportunity to received computer training. 7. The necessary subjects in the schools for the fashion designers in relation to the current job were fashion information, merchandising planning, pattern making, cutting, fashion marketing, knowledges of clothing material in sequence. Subjects which are necessary for the further development include pattern making(21.6%), fashion marketing(14.7%), and designing with computer(7.8%).

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.529-544
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• 2018

본 연구는 다산 정약용의 가정생활관을 고찰하여 그 의의를 찾고, 실천성에 대해 논의하였다. 다산의 가정생활관은 다산시문집, 편지글, 선행연구 등을 참고하여 가족관, 의식주생활관, 가정경제관으로 나누어 살펴 보았다. 다산의 가정생활관은 자기관리와 절제, 근검절약과 분수 지키기, 순리적인 나눔과 베품으로 정리할 수 있었으며, 일상에서 실천적인 노력이 강조되었다. 첫째 자기관리와 절제는 말과 행동을 조심하기, 효를 실천하기, 가족 간에 화목하기, 독서하기, 선함을 잃지 않기, 심신을 수양하기 포기하기 말고 독립적이고 당당하기, 용모와 안색을 바르게 하기 등이다. 둘째로 근검절약과 분수는 항상 부지런 하고, 검소한 생활을 실천하며, 사치를 금하고 자신의 일을 열심히 하며, 과음을 경계한 것이다. 셋째는 순리적인 나눔과 베품의 실천은 환경을 탓하지 말고 분수에 맞게 지내고, 곤궁함에 대처하며, 사욕을 막고 나누고 베풀어 주라는 것이었다. 이와 같은 다산의 가정생활관은 오늘날 공유가치, 공동체사회, 복지사회를 구현해 가기 위한 규범과 가치를 담고 있다고 사료된다. 앞으로 다산의 가정생활관에 대한 교육콘텐츠의 개발을 위해 본고가 활용될 수 있을 것으로 보며, 이를 통해서 시대를 초월한 다산 정신이 계승되고 실천될 수 있기를 기대한다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.37-52
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• 2002

This study was made on the concerns and implementation of the ICT(Inormation and Communication Technology)-utilized lesson by home economics teacher. The objective of this study is to investigate the stages of concern and the level of use of the ICT-utilized lesson by home economics teachers in Kyunggi Province through the concerns based adoption model(CBAM) and to provide assistance for ICT-utilizing lesson to be efficiently adopted to home economics. This study made selected 200 schools by random sampling among 233 middle schools which have two or more home economic teachers and 21 or more classes in Kyunggi Province which has a total of 395 middle schools and mail-surveyed on 400 home economics teachers by means of questionnaire. The stages of concern. the levels of use and the types of implementation were used as instruments in this survey. The results of this study on the stages of concern. the levels of use and the type of implementation of the ICT-utilized lesson by home economics teachers in Kyunggi Province were as following: First. the highest point of the concern of home economics teachers of ICT-utilized lesson was the stage of awareness. the second highest point was the stage of management. the 3rd stage. and the stage of information. the lst stage. Second. the highest level of implementation of ICT-utilized lesson by home economics teachers was the level of mechanical use. the 3rd stage(30.4％), which followed by the level of orientation. the 1st stage(22.5％). and the level of nonuse(16.7％). the level of rountine use. the 4th stage(13.7％) the level of integration. the 5th stage(11.8％). the level of preparation 2(3.9％). and the level of renewal. the 6th stage(1.0％) Third, information search was the most in the type of ICT-use and in the course of lesson CD-ROM was used the most.. During ICT-utilized lesson. most of teachers used computer one to two hours a week mainly in the lessons of clothing life and eating life. Home economics teachers took the most training of how to use word-processor(68.6％) during computer education. and 60 teachers(66.0％) gave positive response about the effect of computer education on teacher's learning. Finally. the biggest problem with ICT-use in the teacher's learning was the long preparation time for lesson. and problem with ICT-utilized lesson was the burden of time and effort spent to buy needed materials and to recompose the existing materials for the lesson. Therefore. so as to adopt ICT-utilized lesson efficiently into school it is needed that active promotion for the lesson should be made to teachers. training teachers to raise their ability to use computer and various kinds of software should be expanded. and school authorities' financial and administrative assistance should be given for the smooth proceeding of the lesson.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.107-112
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to determine potential contributing factors associated with biosecurity level of farrow-to-finish pig farms and to develop a classification tree model to explore how these factors related to each other based on prediction model. To this end, the author analyzed data (n = 193) extracted from a cross-sectional study of 344 farrow-to-finish farms which was conducted between March and September 2014 aimed to explore swine disease status at farm level. Standardized questionnaires with information about basic demographical data and management practices were collected in each farm by on-site visit of trained veterinarians. For the classification of the data sets regarding biosecurity level as a dependent variable and predictor variables, Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detection (CHAID) algorithm was applied for modeling classification tree. The statistics of misclassification risk was used to evaluate the fitness of the model in terms of prediction results. Categorical multivariate input data (40 variables) was used to construct a classification tree, and the target variable was biosecurity level dichotomized into low versus high. In general, the level of biosecurity was lower in the majority of farms studied, mainly due to the limited implementation of on-farm basic biosecurity measures aimed at controlling the potential introduction and transmission of swine diseases. The CHAID model illustrated the relative importance of significant predictors in explaining the level of biosecurity; maintenance of medical records of treatment and vaccination, use of dedicated clothing to enter the farm, installing fence surrounding the farm perimeter, and periodic monitoring of the herd using written biosecurity plan in place. The misclassification risk estimate of the prediction model was 0.145 with the standard error of 0.025, indicating that 85.5% of the cases could be classified correctly by using the decision rule based on the current tree. Although CHAID approach could provide detailed information and insight about interactions among factors associated with biosecurity level, further evaluation of potential bias intervened in the course of data collection should be included in future studies. In addition, there is still need to validate findings through the external dataset with larger sample size to improve the external validity of the current model.