• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.84 no.1
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• pp.270-274
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• 2023

Osteochondroma arising from the rib is rare. They arise as bony outgrowths from the rib and extend either extrathoracically into the subcutaneous plane or intrathoracically compressing the lung or mediastinal structures. A 23-year-old male patient presented with complaints of breast lump since last year. On clinical examination, a hard bony projection with lobulated contour was palpable. Chest radiograph and contrast-enhanced CT showed a bony outgrowth arising from the anterior aspect of costochondral junction of the right fourth rib with displacement of pectoralis major muscle anteriorly. Osteochondroma should be considered as a differential diagnosis in the presentation of hard lump in the breast along with other chest wall tumors.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.155-159
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of posture changes(Anteroposterior projection, Posteroanterior projection) in the plain abdominal examination on breast dose and to examine its clinical usefulness. This study was used a human body phantom and a glass dosimeter. Glass dosimeters were directly inserted from the center and outside of medial and lateral. In this study, the deep dose was measured in the right breast and the surface dose in the left breast. During the abdominal examination, the central X-ray incident point was perpendicularly incident to the image receptor 5 cm above the iliac crest. The exposure parameters were 82 kVp, 320 mA, 50 ms, x-ray field size 14×17 inch The distance between the center X-ray and the detector was fixed at 110 cm, and only the top two AEC chambers were used. As a result of this study, the medial and lateral side doses of the right breast were 535.73±30.68 μGy and 414.46±33.52 μGy for erect AP, and 145.80±18.52 μGy and 148.76±12.92 μGy in erect PA. The superficial breast dose was 754.00±68.36 μGy on the medial side and 674.06±45.58 μGy on the lateral side in the erect AP, 70.66±7.98 μGy on the medial side, and 86.46±15.35 μGy on the lateral side in the erect PA. There was a statistically significant difference in the difference between the mean values of the medial and lateral side doses in the deep and superficial areas of the breast according to the postural change (p <0.01). As a result of this study, If the abdominal radiography was examined in the PA position, the dose reduction effect was 72.78% on the medial side, 64.10% on the lateral side of the deep breast, 90.62% on the medial side, and 87.17% on the lateral side of the superficial breast compared to the AP position.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.17
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• pp.7517-7522
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• 2015

Onion (Allium cepa) consumption has been remarked in folk medicine which has not been noted to be administered so far as an adjunct to conventional doxorubicin-based chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. To our knowledge, this is the first study aimed to investigate the effects of consuming fresh yellow onions on hepatic enzymes and cancer specific antigens compared with a low-onion containing diet among breast cancer (BC) participants treated with doxorubicin. This parallel design randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 56 BC patients whose malignancy was confirmed with histopathological examination. Subjects were assigned in a stratified-random allocation into either group received body mass index dependent 100-160 g/d of onion as high onion group (HO; n=28) or 30-40 g/d small onion in low onion group (LO; n=28) for eight weeks intervention. Participants, care givers and laboratory assessor were blinded to the assignments (IRCT registry no: IRCT2012103111335N1). The compliance of participants in the analysis was appropriate (87.9%). Comparing changes throughout pre- and post-dose treatments indicated significant controls on carcinoembryonic antigen, cancer antigen-125 and alkaline phosphatase levels in the HO group (P<0.05). Our findings for the first time showed that regular onion administration could be effective for hepatic enzyme conveying adjuvant chemotherapy relevant toxicity and reducing the tumor markers in BC during doxorubicin-based chemotherapy.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.149-154
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• 2010

To improve accuracy of the immunohistochemical testing and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) study as well as a routine histology diagnosis in breast cancer, quality improvement for optimal tissue handling is mandatory. We evaluate fraction defective of 7107 blocks from 349 breast cancer patients, who underwent surgical treatment at Samsung Medical Center Seoul, Korea from January 1, 2009 to March 31, 2010. We decided pre-improvement period from January, 2009 to June, 2009. In the first quality improvement period (July, 2009 to September, 2009) we made improvements in protocol of gross examination. In the second quality improvement period (October, 2009 to December, 2009) we attempted more effective formalin fixation such as frequent exchange of formalin and use of separate fixation container for each case. In the third quality improvement period (January, 2010 to March, 2010) improvement of tissue processor was performed. We achieved a marked reduction of fraction defective (9-16%) through efforts to improve quality of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks when compared to pre-improvement period.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.4615-4621
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• 2016

Background: There has not been a general estimation about survival rates of breast cancer cases in Iran. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess survival using a meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: International credible databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Science direct and Google Scholar and Iranian databases such as Magiran, Irandoc and SID, from 1997 to 2015 were searched. All articles covering survival rate of breast cancer were entered into the study without any limits. Quality assessment of the articles and data extraction were performed by two researchers using the modified STROBE checklist, which includes 12 questions. Articles with scores greater than 8 were included in the analysis. A limitation of this meta-analysis was different methods for presenting of results in the papers surveyed. Results: A total of 21 articles with a sample of 12,195 people were analyzed. The one-year, three-year, five-year and ten-year survival rates of breast cancer in Iran were estimated to be 95.8% (94.6-97.0), 82.4% (79.0-85.8), 69.5% (64.5-74.5), 58.1% (39.6-76.6), respectively. The most important factors affecting survival of breast cancer were age, number of lymph nodes involved, size of the tumor and the stage of the disease. Conclusion: The five- and ten- year survival rates in Iran are lower than in developed countries. Conducting breast cancer screening plan support (including regular clinical examination, mammography), public training and raising awareness should be helpful in facilitating early diagnosis and increasing survival rates for Iranian women.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1693-1697
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• 2014

Background: The Bahcesehir Breast Cancer Screening Project is the first organized population based breast cancer mammographic screening project in Turkey. The objective of this prospective observational study was to demonstrate the feasibility of a screening program in a developing country and to determine the appropriate age (40 or 50 years old) to start with screening in Turkish women. Materials and Methods: Between January 2009 to December 2010, a total of 3,758 women aged 40-69 years were recruited in this prospective study. Screening was conducted biannually, and five rounds were planned. After clinical breast examination (CBE), two-view mammograms were obtained. True positivity, false positivity, positive predictive values (PPV) according to ACR, cancer detection rate, minimal cancer detection rate, axillary node positivity and recall rate were calculated. Breast ultrasound and biopsy were performed in suspicious cases. Results: Breast biopsy was performed in 55 patients, and 18 cancers were detected in the first round. The overall cancer detection rate was 4.8 per 1,000 women. Most of the screened women (54%) and detected cancers (56%) were in women aged 40-49. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and stage I cancer and axillary node positivity rates were 22%, 61%, and 16.6%, respectively. The positive predictivity for biopsy was 32.7%, whereas the overall recall rate was 18.4 %. Conclusions: Preliminary results of the study suggest that population based organized screening are feasible and age of onset of mammographic screening should be 40 years in Turkey.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.3529-3533
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• 2012

Objectives: To investigate the current prevalence and knowledge of cervical cancer, breast cancer and reproductive tract infections (RTIs) in rural Chinese women, and to explore the acceptance and feasibility of implementing a combined screening program in rural China. Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among women aged 30 to 59 years old in Xiangyuan County, Shanxi Province from 2009 to 2010. Socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge of cervical cancer, breast cancer and RTIs, and the attitude toward single or combined screening were collected by an interview questionnaire. Each participant received a clinical examination of the cervix, breast and reproductive tract. Examinations included visual inspection, mammography, laboratory tests and pathological diagnosis. Results: A total of 1,530 women were enrolled in this study. The prevalence of cervical precancerous lesions, suspicious breast cancer, suspicious benign breast disease and RTIs was 1.4%, 0.2%, 14.0% and 54.3%, respectively. Cervicitis, trichomonas vaginitis, and bacterial vaginitis were the three most common RTIs among our participants. Television, radio broadcast, and public education during screening were the major source of healthcare knowledge in rural China. Moreover 99.7% of women expressed great interest in participating in a combined screening project. The affordable limit for combined screening project was only 50 RMB for more than half of the rural women. Conclusion: A combined screening program would be more effective and popular than single disease screening projects, while appropriate accompanied education and a co-pay model for its successful implementation need to be explored, especially in low-resource settings.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.31 no.2 s.61
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• pp.167-182
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to identify the major health components and measurements to be conducted in National Health Examination Survey(KNHES). The prevalence and severity of disease, acceptability of population and the possibility of standardization of measurement were considered as guideline for selecting the components. On the base of magnitude and severity of disease, chronic liver disease, hepatic cancer, gastric ulcer, stomach cancer, essential hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, pulmonary tuberculosis, lung cancer, DM, breast cancer, cervical cancer, arthritis and intervertebral disc disorder were selected as the preliminary target diseases. Questionnaire survey for 648 persons in 'K' city and medical specialists in five clinical societies were conducted for evaluation the acceptability of general population for the measurements and the possibility of standardization for the procedures. In conclusion, the major target diseases were chronic liver disease, hypertension and DM and the total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, triglyceride, total protein, albumin, hemoglobulin, hematocrit, platlet count, anti-HBs, HBsAg, height and weight were selected for basic physical components.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.6839-6844
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• 2013

This study was conducted to analyze the prevalence of non-performance of mammography, and associated factors, among postmenopausal women. This analytical, exploratory, cross-sectional study, of a domicile population inquiry type, was performed in the municipality of Maringa, Parana, Brazil. A total of 456 women were interviewed, aged 45 to 69 years, who presented with natural menopause and cessation of menstruation for at least twelve months. Statistical associations were found between the non-performance of mammography and schooling of less than seven years, paid employment, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, the non-use of hormone replacement therapy, not having consulted a doctor in the previous year, not having consulted a gynecologist, lacking a family history of breast cancer, not having performed the Papanicolaou test, not having performed clinical breast examination, and not having difficult access to health services. After logistic regression analysis, not performing mammography was associated with reports of a fair or bad health status. The study data revealed factors "responsible" for the non-performance of mammography, and the results should contributing to improvement/enhancement of healthy behaviour of Brazilian women in the post-menopausal phase.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.10
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• pp.917-920
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• 2010

Although milky nipple discharge appears frequently in infants, bloody nipple discharge is a very rare finding. We experienced a 4-month-old, breast-fed infant who showed bilateral bloody nipple discharge with no signs of infection, engorgement, or hypertrophy. The infant's hormonal examination and coagulation tests were normal, and an ultrasound examination revealed mammary duct ectasia. The symptoms resolved spontaneously within 6 weeks without any specific treatment, except that we advised the mother to refrain from taking herbal medicine. Since no such case has been previously reported in Korea, we present this case with a brief review of the literature.