• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.51 no.7
• /
• pp.585-597
• /
• 2018

This study aims to investigate the variation of water quality and discharge under the condition of climate change and Best Management Practices (BMPs), which is one of the reduction methods for non-point source pollution. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model is applied to case in Cheongmicheon watershed. The coefficients required for SWAT model were calibrated using SWAT Calibration and Uncertainty Program. Climate change is considered by using Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. It is known from simulation results that the non-point source pollutant increases under the climate change scenario assuming worse condition. It is also found in this study that an appropriate application of BMPs is able to reduce the quantity and temporal variation of non-point source pollutant effectively.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
• /
• v.44 no.5
• /
• pp.35-43
• /
• 2010

To examine the relationship between climate and tree-ring growth of Pinus densiflora S. et Z. growing in the ridges of the Baekdudaegan, it was analyzed the sample cores of 48 trees were collected from 21 sites. After the pattern of tree rings of all Pinus densiflora were cross-dating each other, it was recognized the growth of Pinus densiflora was affected by climate largely when tree-ring chronologies were standardized to remove the age-related growth. As a cluster analysis was conducted to examine the similarity of chronologies, three clusters were classified, the tree-ring growths of Pinus densiflora was not by regional or elevational gradients but by the growth tree-ring width amplitude as micro-site growth environments. Correlation coefficients between the chronologies of three clusters and monthly climate (temperature and precipitation) factors were obtained. As a result, tree-ring growth of Pinus densiflora was more affected by temperature than precipitation and the trees of high-growth cluster possessed less climatic influences.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.1-22
• /
• 2019

This study aims at deriving the implications for adaptation policy and research target regarding climate change risk assessment in ecosystem sector in Korea. The common ground of exemplary cases of "world leaders" in terms of adaptation policies and researches was that they emphasize nationwide study on climate change on biodiversity and ecosystem in target of establishing scientific evidence-bases and reducing uncertainty for their national adaptation policies and plans. In light of this trend, Korean government should settle down more successful adaptation structure by leading adaptation system in further national policy-settings to observe UNFCCC and CBD integratedly and effectively, considering the economic value of adaptation in policy, and strengthening scientific research programs and technology developments. Moreover, risks assessment based on diagnoses and analysis on the risk factors (hazard, exposure, and vulnerability) for climate change in nationwide habitats and species and consolidations with subsequent adaptation strategies could make adaptations in ecosystem sector more effective and successful.

• Atmosphere
• /
• v.31 no.5
• /
• pp.511-523
• /
• 2021

This study explores the optimal ensemble size to improve the prediction performance of the Korea Meteorological Administration's operational climate prediction system, global seasonal forecast system version 5 (GloSea5). The GloSea5 produces an ensemble of hindcast data using the stochastic kinetic energy backscattering version2 (SKEB2) and timelagged ensemble. An experiment to increase the hindcast ensemble from 3 to 14 members for four initial dates was performed and the improvement and effect of the prediction performance considering Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Anomaly Correlation Coefficient (ACC), ensemble spread, and Ratio of Predictable Components (RPC) were evaluated. As the ensemble size increased, the RMSE and ACC prediction performance improved and more significantly in the high variability area. In spread and RPC analysis, the prediction accuracy of the system improved as the ensemble size increased. The closer the initial date, the better the predictive performance. Results show that increasing the ensemble to an appropriate number considering the combination of initial times is efficient.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.98-105
• /
• 2023

This paper studies the effects of global climate change on Gyeonggi Bay and appropriate adaptation strategies. Located along the west coast of Korea, Gyeonggi Bay is renowned as one of the five most important global tidal flats (wetlands). Due to climate change in Gyeonggi Bay, the water temperature is predicted to increase by 1.44 ℃ by the year 2100, the salinity to decrease by 1.1 PSU, the sea level to rise by 35.2 cm, and approximately 150.5 km² of the coast to be submerged due to the rising sea levels. Adaptation strategies to combat negative impacts of climate change on the ecological environment of Gyeonggi Bay include 1) supporting the self-adaptation capability of Gyeonggi Bay's natural environment to be sustainable, and 2) protecting lowlands adjacent to tidal flats and low-lying areas of the coast against human involvement to reserve more space for upslope shifts of biota with rising sea levels.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.99-108
• /
• 2017

This study aims to analyze the features of adaptation governance of local governments by applying a multi-level governance framework, and to draw policy implications. We analyzed changes in governance of 17 metropolitan cities/provinces, and 33 municipalities in terms of horizontal and vertical cooperation in the process of developing 'The Climate Change Adaptation Action Plan' and its implementation stage. The result shows that the plan contributed to the higher level of vertical cooperation between the central and the local governments to a certain extent, however, during the implementation stage, the level of the partnership decreased due to the absence of governance mechanism. These trends were statistically significant at the level of municipalities. The role of Korea Adaptation Center for Climate Change (KACCC) was also diminished after establishing the plan. The horizontal partnership level among the relevant departments of the local governments showed no significant change as the level was low even in the planning stage. Though Public-Private Partnership (PPP) has increased a bit, it was statistically significant only in the municipalities. Moreover, there was no governance mechanism for PPP or it did not work properly. Based on the results above, it is recommended that the effectiveness of the plans should be increased and support for climate change partnerships or forums at a local level that promotes adaptive capacity is needed. The role of metropolitan cities and provinces should be strengthened through building a multi-level partnership structure. Governance institutionalizing for monitoring and evaluation is also needed.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.109-117
• /
• 2013

The Global Framework on Climate Services (GFCS) will guide the development of climate services that link science-based climate information and predictions with climate-risk management and adaptation to climate change. GFCS structure is made up of 5 pillars; Observations/Monitoring (OBS), Research/ Modeling/ Prediction (RES), Climate Services Information System (CSIS) and User Interface Platform (UIP) which are all supplemented with Capacity Development (CD). Corresponding to each GFCS pillar, the Commission for Agricultural Meteorology (CAgM) has been proposing "Global Initiatives in AgroMeteorology" (GIAM) in order to facilitate GFCS implementation scheme from the perspective of AgroMeteorology - Global AgroMeteorological Outlook System (GAMOS) for OBS, Global AgroMeteorological Pilot Projects (GAMPP) for RES, Global Federation of AgroMeteorological Society (GFAMS) for UIP/RES, WAMIS next phase for CSIS/UIP, and Global Centers of Research and Excellence in AgroMeteorology (GCREAM) for CD, through which next generation experts will be brought up as virtuous cycle for human resource procurements. The World AgroMeteorological Information Service (WAMIS) is a dedicated web server in which agrometeorological bulletins and advisories from members are placed. CAgM is about to extend its service into a Grid portal to share computer resources, information and human resources with user communities as a part of GFCS. To facilitate ICT resources sharing, a specialized or dedicated Data Center or Production Center (DCPC) of WMO Information System for WAMIS is under implementation by Korea Meteorological Administration. CAgM will provide land surface information to support LDAS (Land Data Assimilation System) of next generation Earth System as an information provider. The International Society for Agricultural Meteorology (INSAM) is an Internet market place for agrometeorologists. In an effort to strengthen INSAM as UIP for research community in AgroMeteorology, it was proposed by CAgM to establish Global Federation of AgroMeteorological Society (GFAMS). CAgM will try to encourage the next generation agrometeorological experts through Global Center of Excellence in Research and Education in AgroMeteorology (GCREAM) including graduate programmes under the framework of GENRI as a governing hub of Global Initiatives in AgroMeteorology (GIAM of CAgM). It would be coordinated under the framework of GENRI as a governing hub for all global initiatives such as GFAMS, GAMPP, GAPON including WAMIS II, primarily targeting on GFCS implementations.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.35 no.5
• /
• pp.1165-1171
• /
• 2015

Due to the increasing trend of operation and maintenance cost (O&M cost) of infrastructure, the accurate estimation of O&M cost is crucial part to the government. Recent literatures pointed out that gradual climate changes such as average temperature changes, average precipitation changes, and etc. have significant impact on infrastructure O&M cost. This research is intended to develop a long-term O&M cost prediction model of road facilities by considering the impacts of average temperature changes. For this end, the climate change scenarios of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)'s $5^{th}$ report are adopted to structure the impact of average temperature changes by using binomial lattice model. The proposed framework is expected to regional government in supporting decisions for road O&M cost.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.15 no.8
• /
• pp.5349-5354
• /
• 2014

Climate change is one of the most important factors increasing a system's vulnerability. Therefore, various methods have been applied to evaluate the vulnerability to develop an appropriate adaptation policy to minimize the effects of climate change. On the other hand, it has barely been used to examine the suitability of the selected proxy variables to calculate the vulnerability. In this study, it was shown that the degree of disaster and safety education should be considered as one of the proxy variables in non-structural measures when the vulnerability is calculated using an expert survey. As a result, the degree of the contribution on the climate change vulnerability can be different according to the education target and the characteristics of various systems. The results might be useful for developing a climate change adaptation policy in a specific area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.98 no.1
• /
• pp.33-48
• /
• 2009

Forests store carbon dioxide ($CO_2$), one of the major factors of global warming, in vegetation and soils through photosynthesis process. In addition, woods deposit $CO_2$ for a long term until the harvested wood is decomposed or burned, and deforested areas could be expanded the carbon sinks through reforestation. Forests are a lso able to decrease temperature through transpiration and contribute to control the micro climate in global climate systems. Consequently, forests are considered as one of major sinks of greenhouse gases for mitigating global warming. It is very important to develop a Korea specific forest carbon flux model for preparing adaptation measures to climate change. In this study, we compared the climate change impact models in forests developed in foreign countries and analyzed the applicability of the models to Korean forest. Also we selected models applicable to Korean forest and suggested approaches for developing Korean specific model.