• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.166-172
• /
• 1997

In order to exterminate effectively starfish, Asterias amurensis inhabited a village fishing grounds and shellfish farms on coast of Korea, Mop and sledge gear were made and sea trials for capture efficiency of starfish by each gear and towing distance were carried out by commercial dredger on the coast of Keojedo from April to May in 1995. As Starfish mop and sledge were slowly dragged over the bottom at the same time, starfish became entangled in bunches of twine and netting respectively. The gears were hauled up at intervals to remove the starfish and hand-picking operations on vessel were conducted. The results obtained are as follows : Two gears were smoothly slidden over the sea bottom and captured numerous starfish. The optimal towing distance by each gear was 300 to 500 m.The capture efficiency of starfish species by sledge was 57% compared with 43% of that by mop but mixed rate with fish or shellfish of the former was 21 times as high as that of the letter. It was concluded from sea trials that moping was effective in shellfish farms, because the mop outfit causes little damage to useful shellfishes and the mixture of starfish with fish or shellfish was low, whereas sledging can be used to clean uncultivated areas free of shellfish where starfish population is very heavy and common fishing grounds in which bottom material is rock or gravel.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
• /
• 2005.05a
• /
• pp.231-234
• /
• 2005

본 실험은 돈육 후지 부위를 이용하여 육포 제조시 텀블링 시간에 따른 육포의, 이화학적 및 관능적 특성을 조사하여 표준화된 육포제조의 기초 자료를 제공하고자 실시하였다. 텀블링 시간에 따른 건조전 육포 양념육의 제품수율은 30분까지는 수율이 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였으나, 60분 동안 텀블링을 실시하였을 때는 30분보다 낮은 값을 나타내었다. 텀블링 시간에 따라 pH는 차이가 없었으나, 보수력은 텀블링 30분까지 유의적으로 증가하였고 이후 부터는 차이가 없었다. 육색은 텀블링 시간이 경과함에 따라 $L^{\ast}-$값과 $b^{\ast}-$값은 감소하는 경향을 보였으나 반대로 $a^{\ast}-$값은 텀블링 시간이 증가함에 따라 점점 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 건조후 제조된 돈육육포의 수분함량은 $29{\sim}30%$ 정도를 유지하였으며, 건조수율은 모두 $48{\sim}49%$ 정도의 높은 수율을 보였다. 육포의 $L^{\ast}-$값은 30분 및 60분 동안 텀블링을 실시하였을 때 10분 동안 텀블링을 실시한 육포보다 낮게 나타났다. 60분 동안 텀블링한 육포의 $a^{\ast}-$값은 10분간 텀블링한 것보다 높았으며, $b^{\ast}-$값은 $a^{\ast}-$값과는 반대의 경향을 나타내었다. 탄력성(springiness)은 60분 동안 텀블링한 육포가 10분 동안 텀블링한 육포보다 높은 값을 보였으나, 탄력성을 제외한 모든 항목에서 유의차가 나타나지 않았다. 관능검사는 모든 항목에서 30분 이상 텀블링한 육포가 좋은 평가를 받았으나, 처리구간에 유의차는 나타나지 않았다.pm을 spiking한 후 SPE상에서 SCX(Strong cation exchange column)을 통한 clean-up과정을 거친 후의 STP의 limit of quantification(LOQ)는 약 0.44ppm이었으며, 이에 대한 회수율은 89.7${\pm}$2.3%(n=6)를 나타냈다. 실제 CODEX에서 권장한 우유의 MRL이 0.6ppm인 점을 감안하면 CODEX권고치에 도달할 수 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발 된 시험법은 지금까지 국내적으로 STP에 대한 시험법이 확립되어 있지 않은 것으로 이와 아울러 간편한 parallux와 병용해 STP에 대한 정량 및 정성 분석을 유도체화 장치 및 형광검출기를 이용해 잔류항생물질 STP에 대한 분석시험법을 개발하였다.화와 네트워크 조직망 구축을 위한 지역중심의 복합 생활문화 공간이 필요할 것이며, 이를 촉진키 위한 mentor academy시스템 접근을 통해 점점 고령화되어 가고 있는 재래시장에 대해 차별적 특성이 반영된 종합적이고 체계적 접근 방법연구가 필요하다./TEX> 자체기술개발, 선진기술 도입, 산업간 및 산업내 기술확산, 국제기술협력 ${\rightarrow}$ 기술혁신의 촉진 ${\rightarrow}$ 총요소생산성과 기업경쟁력(자원 및 역량, 프로세스 경쟁력, 품질경쟁력, 시장경쟁력, 고객성과, 시장성과, 재무성과)의 제고 ${\rightarrow}$ 가격경쟁력(임금, 금리, 물류비용, 환율 등)과 비(非)가격경쟁력(디자인, 에프터서비스, 품질, 운송 등)의 제고 ${\rightarrow}$ 국가경쟁력의 제고 ${\rightarrow}$ 국제수지 흑자 ${\ri

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
• /
• 2005.05a
• /
• pp.247-252
• /
• 2005

본 연구는 파슬리 등의 야채를 첨가하여 제조되는 화이트소시지의 물성 및 저장성에 미치는 자두 분말의 효과를 조사하기 위해 실시되었다. 물성의 변화로서 pH는 자두의 첨가율이 증가함에 따라 상대적으로 감소 하였는데 3% 첨 가시 전 저장 기간 중 가장 낮게 ($pH\;5.11\;{\sim}\;4.44$) 나타났다. 육색(meat color)은 자두의 첨가량에 비례하여 적색도(redness)를 나타내는 a-value에서 높게 나타났으며 명도 (light ness)를 나타내는 L-value에서는 상대적으로 낮은 수치를 보여주었다. 전단력(Shear stre ngth) 측정에서는 저장 기간 중 자두 분말의 첨가량에 비례 하여 근소한 차이를 나타냈는데 저장 7일째에서 가장 높았다. 자두 분말 첨가구 에서의 다소 높은 전단력의 결과는 보수력 (WHC) 측정 에서도 같은 경향을 나타내었는데 자두 분말의 증가량에 따라 3% 첨가구가 대조구 (0%)보다 낮게 나타나 약한 보수성을 보여 주었다. 저장성에 미치는 결과로서 총세균수의 측정결과 저장 3일이 경과한 구간에서 Sorbic acid (0.07%)의 첨가구와 자두 분말(3%) 첨가구 에서 비슷한 항균 효과를 나타내었다. 이 같은 동일한 수준의 항균 효과는 저장 9일째에도 같은 경향으로 나타났다. VBN 측정에는 저장 기간에 따라 증가된 수치를 나타냈는데 저장 7일 및 8일, 9일째 측정 결과는 3% 자두분말 첨가구와 0.07% Sorbic acid 첨가구 와 비슷한 수준을 나타내어 동일한 저장효과를 보여 주었다. 관능검사 실시 결과 총체적인 풍미에 있어서는 자두 분말 첨가구 1.5%가 가장 우수 했으며 다음으로는 3%, Sorbic acid 첨가구 및 공시료 순으로 나타났다.간에 유의차는 나타나지 않았다.pm을 spiking한 후 SPE상에서 SCX(Strong cation exchange column)을 통한 clean-up과정을 거친 후의 STP의 limit of quantification(LOQ)는 약 0.44ppm이었으며, 이에 대한 회수율은 89.7${\pm}$2.3%(n=6)를 나타냈다. 실제 CODEX에서 권장한 우유의 MRL이 0.6ppm인 점을 감안하면 CODEX권고치에 도달할 수 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발 된 시험법은 지금까지 국내적으로 STP에 대한 시험법이 확립되어 있지 않은 것으로 이와 아울러 간편한 parallux와 병용해 STP에 대한 정량 및 정성 분석을 유도체화 장치 및 형광검출기를 이용해 잔류항생물질 STP에 대한 분석시험법을 개발하였다.화와 네트워크 조직망 구축을 위한 지역중심의 복합 생활문화 공간이 필요할 것이며, 이를 촉진키 위한 mentor academy시스템 접근을 통해 점점 고령화되어 가고 있는 재래시장에 대해 차별적 특성이 반영된 종합적이고 체계적 접근 방법연구가 필요하다./TEX> 자체기술개발, 선진기술 도입, 산업간 및 산업내 기술확산, 국제기술협력 ${\rightarrow}$ 기술혁신의 촉진 ${\rightarrow}$ 총요소생산성과 기업경쟁력(자원 및 역량, 프로세스 경쟁력, 품질경쟁력, 시장경쟁력, 고객성과, 시장성과, 재무성과)의 제고 ${\rightarrow}$ 가격경쟁력(임금, 금리, 물류비용, 환율 등)과 비(非)가격경쟁력(디자인, 에프터서비스, 품질, 운송 등)의 제고 ${\rightarrow}$ 국가경쟁력의 제고 ${\rig

• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.109-114
• /
• 2010

The occurrence factors of Rice stripe virus (RSV) in Chungcheongbukdo were analyzed by investigating the viruliferous insect rate (VIR) of overwintered small brown plant hopper (SBPH), the population density of SBPH, the infection rate of natural host plants, and the occurrence rate of RSV on rice paddy fields at the 3 areas of Cheongwon, Jincheon, and Boeun in 2008 and 2009. The average VIR of overwintered SBPH was 0.0% in 2008 and 1.1% in 2009. From SBPH collected on early June in 2009, VIR was higher as 1.4% at Jincheon and 4.2% at Boeun than those of overwintered SBPH, and this higher VIR might relate stronlgy with the adult population of SBPH immigrated from China. The populations of SBPH at Cheongwon, Jincheon and Boeun in 2008 were 3.8, 7.5 and 20.8 Head/$m^2$, respectively. However, those of Cheongwon and Jincheon increased up to about two folds as 8.4 and 13.1 in 2009. No RSV was detected on the natural host plants including barley. The factors involved in RSV occurrence were affected negatively by the low VIR of overwintered SBPH, the low population of overwintered SBPH, the low infection rate of RSV on the natural host plants, and the clean cultivation environment in Chungcheongbukdo.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.739-748
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to compare successful and failed trials of the dean and jerk exercise performed by an 2008 Beijing Olympic gold medalist. One successful and one failed trial of an Olympic gold medalist (2008 Beijing Olympic 77 kg event) were investigated for this study. A three-dimensional motion analysis was performed, using three digital camcorders (SF: 6Hz). The events were recorded during the 89th Korean National Athletic Games. After analyzing the jerk motion, the following results were found. The successful trial revealed a shorter performance time at Phase 1 and a longer one at Phase 3 and Phase 4 as compared to the failed trial. The vertical displacement of the knee in failed trial was lower than that m the successful one. The differences in the vertical velocity of barbell and knee between the trials were seen at Phase 3 and Phase 4. A faster COM inferior velocity was seen in the successful trial at Phase 3. A more flexed knee angle was seen in the failed trial as compared to the successful trial at E3.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.10 no.6
• /
• pp.1049-1059
• /
• 2010

Objective : The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of the general characteristics of parents to their children's oral health care. The subjects in this study were 117 parents and their children who resided in rural communities in the region of K. Methods : A survey was conducted with the consent of the parents from July 1 to 30, 2010. As for the survey on the children, the children who were in the lower grades were interviewed, and the upper graders filled out the questionnaires in person. A frequency analysis was carried out to find out the general characteristics of the parents and children, and x2-test was utilized to grasp the links between the general characteristics of the parents and the children's oral health care. A SPSS WIN 12.0 program was employed to analyze all the collected data. The findings of the study were as follows: Result : 1. As a result of investigating the relationship of the occupation of the parents to the children's regular dental checkup, the 71.8 percent of the entire children didn't get a dental checkup on a regular basis. The biggest percentage of the children of the self-employed parents(100%) got a regular dental checkup, and 90.9 percent of the children of the government workers did that(p<.05). 2. As a result of checking the relationship of the occupation of the parents to the children's dental-caries experiences, 39.3 percent of the whole children had no such experiences. The largest percentage of the children of the company employees(51.9%) had dental-caries experiences(p<.05). 3. Concerning the links between the academic credential of the parents and the children's toothbrushing method, the biggest percentage of the children(40.2%) brushed their teeth up and down. The largest rate of the children whose parents were high-school graduates(41.5%) brushed their teeth in that way(p<.05). 4. Regarding the links between the toothbrushing time of the parents and the children's view, 43.6 percent found their parents to take good care of their teeth to make them clean. 60 percent whose parents brushed their teeth after having breakfast and dinner took the best view(p<.001). 5. As for the oral-health education experiences of the parents and a time for the children's change of toothbrushes, 29.1 percent changed their toothbrushes every two months, and 29.1 percent did that not on a regular basis but when the bristles of their toothbrushes got bent(p<.05). Conclusions : The above-mentioned findings suggest that in order to promote children's oral health in consideration of the characteristics of their parents, children should be urged to get a regular dental checkup, and the development of oral-health education programs in which parents and children can participate together is urgently required.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.3-26
• /
• 2005

In recent years, there is growing concern about the potential use of biological agents in war or acts of terrorism accompanied an increased realization that rapid preparedness and response are needed to prevent or treat the human damage that can be caused by these agents. The threat is indeed serious, and the potential for devastating numbers of casualties is high. The use of agents as weapons, even on a small scale, has the potential for huge social and economic disruption and massive diversion of regional and national resources to combat the threat, to treat primary disease, and to clean up environmental contamination. Biological weapons are one of weapons of mass destruction (or mass casualty weapons, to be precise. since they do not damage non-living entities) that are based on bacteria, viruses, rickettsia, fungi or toxins produced by these organisms. Biological weapons are known to be easy and cheap to produce and can be used to selectively target humans, animals, or plants. Theses agents can cause large numbers of casualties with minimal logistical requirements (in wide area). The spread of disease cannot be controlled until there is awareness of the signs of infection followed by identification of agents; and if the organism is easily spread from person to person, as in the case of smallpox, the number of casualties could run into the tens of thousands. Biological weapons could be used covertly, there can be a lot of different deployment scenarios. A lot of different agents could be used in biological weapons. And, there are a lot of different techniques to manufacture biological weapons. Terrorist acts that make use of Biological Agents differ in a number of ways from those involving chemicals. The distinction between terrorist and military use of Biological Weapon is increasingly problematic. The stealthy qualities of biological weapons further complicate the distinction between terrorism and war. In reality, all biological attacks are likely to require an integrated response involving both military and civilian communities. The basic considerations when public health agencies establish national defence plan against bioterrorism must be 1) arraying various laws and regulations to meet the realistic needs, 2)education for public health personnels and support of concerned academic society, 3)information collection and cooperative project with other countries, 4)Detection and surveillance(Early detection is essential for ensuring a prompt response to biological or chemical attack, including the provision of prophylactic medicines, chemical antidotes, or vaccines) and 5) Response(A comprehensive public health response to a biological or chemical terrorist event involves epidemiologic investigation, medical treatment and prophylaxis for affacted persons, and the initiation of disease prevention or environmental decontamination measures). The purpose of this paper is providing basic material of preparedness and response for biological terrorism in modern society.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.269-278
• /
• 2017

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to evaluate screening method of residual multi pesticides in dead birds by Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) to identify the cause of death for birds. METHODS AND RESULTS: Extraction and clean-up method of residual pesticides in liver of dead birds was used QuEChERS (Quick Easy Cheap Effective Rugged and Safe) and method validations was conducted using liquid chromatography and gas chroamtography with triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer (LC/MS/MS and GC/MS/MS) Also, we were evaluated screening method for the determination of residual pesticides in liver of dead birds by LC and GC Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry. Results of method validations, Correlation coefficients of the matrix matched calibration curves were >0.978, and the method detection limits (MDLs) and limits of quantitation (LOQ) were 2.8~72.1 ng/g (18.4 ng/g on average) and 9.0~230 ng/g (58.5 ng/g on average). The accuracy ranged from 69.1%to 130% (103% on average), and the precision values were less than 14.8%(3.8%on average). The screening of residual pesticides in liver of dead birds by LC and GC Orbitrap HRMS was detected monocrotophos, carbofuran, carbosulfan, deltametrin, benfuracarb, carbofuran, phosphamidon, prochloraz in investigated samples. CONCLUSION: This results showed that accurate mass were extraction of residual pesticides in dead birds by Orbitrap HRMS. It suggested that this screening method is applicable to the residual pesticide analysis for the cause of death as a main tool.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.169-173
• /
• 2009

A survey of total aflatoxin levels was conducted on 145 samples(carthamiflos, thujae semen, giycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma) collected in Yakyeang markets in Seoul. Aflatoxin levels were quantified by the immunoaffinity column clean-up method followed by performance liguid chromatography(HPLC)-fluorescence detector(FLD). Aflatoxins were found in 10(6.9%)samples including 5 Arecae semen, 4 Thujae semen, 1 Zizyphi semen with a range of $0.45{\sim}79.15\;{\mu}g/kg$. Generally These results show that the contamination level of aflatoxins in Herb Medicines consumed in Korea is high compared with the standard in Korea Herb Medicine Code($10\;{\mu}g/kg$ as aflatoxin B1). It is considered that aflatoxin concentration was increased in herb medicines during a storage and drying in herb medicines examined

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.35 no.5
• /
• pp.411-418
• /
• 2020

In this study, we reviewed a group of marine biotoxins, namely yessotoxins (YTXs), focusing on their causative organisms, contaminated shellfish, domestic and foreign management status, and analytical methods. Although YTXs have not yet been reported in any cases of seafood contamination in South Korea, it is necessary to implement preemptive measures through continuous monitoring because there is a potential risk, due to the introduction of toxic microalgae associated with climate changes and the introduction of contaminated seafood from various countries. YTXs are produced by dinoflagellates, such as Protecratium reticulatum, Gonyaulax polygramma, Gonyaulax spinifera, and Lingulodinium polyedrum, all of which are species found along Korea's coastal areas. Analysis of YTXs in shellfish samples is mainly performed by use of LC-MS/MS after methanol extraction and SPE cartridge clean-up (HLB or strata-X). In the case of lipophilic marine biotoxins, including YTXs, pectenotoxins, and azaspiracids, the extraction and purification procedures are similar. Thus, it seems that the simultaneous analysis of several lipophilic marine biotoxins in shellfish samples is possible, and optimization is necessary. In addition, continuous monitoring studies on causative marine microalgae for YTXs in Korean coastal waters and contaminations in domestic and imported seafood are needed.