• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.561-577
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• 2008

L.M. Montgomery's Anne of Green Gables is not only confidently labelled a Canadian classic but also placed as a national icon along with the moose, the beaver, and the Habs in Canada. Anne's 'Canadianness' is partly due to its location in the rural world of Prince Edward Island. The fictional Avonlea is described as the ideal space where Canadian spirit can interact with the personified surrounding landscapes through Celtic imagination. Additionally, the communal bond of Avonlea fully demonstrates Scottish Canadian identities. The Scottish national character of Avonlea is responsible for clannishness of the Cuthberts and the Lyndes. The disrespect to the French is also due to Scottish heritage in Avonlea. As an outsider Anne wants to be integrated into the community of Avonlea, and successfully adapts herself to the regional shared values. Meanwhile she partly challenges the strictness and rigidness of the born Canadian Avonlea residents. Despite its Canadian origin, Anne of Green Gables is accepted as part of the American canon of children's literature in the Unite States. The configuration of Anne as an American heroine is noticeable among American scholars: by relocating it to the US the female Bildungsroman in the nineteenth century America, a group of literary critics adapt Anne as an American girl for American readers. The heroine of Anne of Green Gables is linked to American novels such as Louisa May Alcott's Little Women, Kate Douglas Wiggin's Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm and Gene Stratten Porter's A Girl of the Limberlost. Anne is even classified as another Caddie by American literary critics: Anne is placed at the center of Caddie Woodlawn Syndrome as another Wisconsin pioneer child. Canadian identity of Anne is intentionally excluded and Anne was reborn as an American girl in the U.S. In this context, Anne functions as a sign of nation and a site for cross-national identity formation.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.797-821
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• 2010

This paper aims to explore how Millay's love sonnets rewrite the carpe diem tradition in the complicated ways. This paper redirects critical attention away from Millay's individual experience and inner self toward the scene of literary history, suggesting that there may be more historical consciousness in Millay's sentimental and feminine "gesture." Rewriting the carpe diem tradition, Millay's sonnets reveal an awareness of the dependence of the carpe diem poems' discursive logic on the woman's coyness, its inability to accomplish its triumph over woman or time (death) without her posited reluctance. Contrary to Andrew Marvel's "To His Coy Mistress," the speakers of Millay's sonnets could never be accused of the sexual coyness; they are outspoken in their defiance of both death and lovers whose possessiveness resembles death's embrace. Moreover, as Stacy Carson Hubbard points out, by converting female sexual experience from its status as a onetime closural event to repeatable one, hence an opportunity for the general and emotional irritability productive of narrative, Millay seizes for the woman the power of "dilation" in both its sexual and its verbal forms. Furthermore, this paper argues that the woman's sex no longer invites analogies to things secret and sealed, preserved or ruined in Millay's sonnets. The woman's promiscuity implies a rejection of monumentalizing love, as well as a refusal of the fixing inherent in the carpe diem's fearful invocation of the movement of time. Throughout the love sonnets, the speaker's sexualized body produces nothing but ephemera. For Millay, this body spends its powers in hopes of having them, and the force of this spending is a perpetual and willful forgetting, which makes possible the repetition of love's story. Ultimately, Milly disturbs our critical categories by rendering permeable boundaries between modern literature and dead form of classic literature, the female speaker and male speaker.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.100-118
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics and meaning of collaboration with artists who have been with Louis Vuitton, focusing on bags, which are representative products of the luxury Louis Vuitton brand, -The research method was literature research and case studies. The theoretical study was based on previous studies and literature examine the concept and type in collaboration and to examine the trend in fashion and art collaboration. The case study was conducted after 2000 by collecting collaborative works between Louis Vuitton and artists based on their homepage, fashion information, and collection sites. Five artists and six artists(Sam Falls, Urs Fischer, Nicholas Hlobo, Alex Israel, Tschabalala Self and Jonas Wood), including Stephen Sprouse, Richard Prince, Takashi Murakami, Kusama Yayoi, and Jeff Koons, were analyzed for the art collaboration cases and contents that were conducted mainly on bags. This study found the following collaboration characteristics: first, classic image innovation: fun and lightness; second, deviating from the boundaries of fashion bags: the art of life, and third, building high-end luxury brand differentiation: scarcity and the introduction of authorism. It is expected that the basic data will be presented in the study of art collaboration design of fashion bags as well as academic data on the differentiation of luxury brands and the artisticization of products in the future.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.125-143
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• 2014

This paper provides a new technique for solving the static analysis of arbitrarily shaped composite plates by using Strong Formulation Finite Element Method (SFEM). Several papers in literature by the authors have presented the proposed technique as an extension of the classic Generalized Differential Quadrature (GDQ) procedure. The present methodology joins the high accuracy of the strong formulation with the versatility of the well-known Finite Element Method (FEM). The continuity conditions among the elements is carried out by the compatibility or continuity conditions. The mapping technique is used to transform both the governing differential equations and the compatibility conditions between two adjacent sub-domains into the regular master element in the computational space. The numerical implementation of the global algebraic system obtained by the technique at issue is easy and straightforward. The main novelty of this paper is the application of the stress and strain recovery once the displacement parameters are evaluated. Computer investigations concerning a large number of composite plates have been carried out. SFEM results are compared with those presented in literature and a perfect agreement is observed.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.114-123
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the visual elements for effectively conveying the make-up method of the Korean history. We will do basic research on language visualization through visual poetry by using a make-up method as a visual expression element. Our research methods consisted of a related literature research, an internet search, and case study methods. The make-up methods of Korean classical make-up through visual poetry consisted of a through literature review. First, make-up methods, cosmetics, jewelry, and hair styles are shown in the classic make-up style of each age. Second, classical make-up visual poetry shows the identity, gender, and character depictions. Third, there were many visual metaphors about the hair types, figures, and hair among the classical make-up methods of each age. I think that this topic is worth researching as an appropriate medium to increase attractiveness. This research is with visual expression elements of the Korea make-up method. This study analyzed the Korean traditional make-up method that expresses and reinterprets visual metaphors. The results of this study can be applied for basic research.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.311-319
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• 1995

The history of vegetable preservation technology by salting and fermentation in Korea was reviewed from the Three Nations Era to the end of Chosun Kingdom, and the development of present day's Kimchi processing technology was traced back by using the classic books as well as recent review papers published in Korea. Although the written record on salting and fermentation of vegetables first appears in a 12th century literature (Dongkukisangkukjib, Gyu-Bo Lee $1168{\sim}1241$), the use of salted/fermented vegetables could be dated back to the Three Nations Era $(B.C.\;37{\sim}A.D.\;668)$ and even earlier period. The present type of Kimchi was gradually evolved after the introduction of red pepper into Korea in the 17th century. The descriptions on Kimchi fermention appeared in the literatures written in the period of $16th{\sim}19th$ centuries in Korea, Suunjapbang $(1500{\sim})$, Domundaijak (1611), Sasichanyocho (1656), Eumsikdimibang (1670), Chubangmun $(1600{\sim})$, Saekgyung (1676), Yorok $(1600{\sim})$, Sanlimkyungje (1715), Cheungbosanlimkyungje (1766), Kyuhapchongsoe $(1800{\sim})$, Imwonsipyukji (1827), Dongkuksesiki (1849) and Buinpylji $(1855{\sim})$ were reviewed.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.5-18
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• 2017

Purpose - Although literature has established the relevance of entrepreneurial orientation(EO) in the performance of conventional firms, the constraining nature of franchise arrangement makes one wonders if the same relationship holds for companies operating under the business model. Research design, data, and methodology - Using Nigeria - a country with high potential for franchise growth - as a context, this study aims to explore the relevant entrepreneurial orientation skills exhibited by franchisees and show the extent to which these skills influence their business performance and intention to remain. 26 franchisees purposively selected from six local franchise brands in Nigeria were interviewed. Result and Conclusions - The three classic entrepreneurial orientation factors of innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking were found to have varying influence on franchisees' business outcomes. This study answers the calls for more in-depth understanding of the relationship between EO and firm performance generally and, franchise firm performance in particular. The value of this effort lies in the fact that it strengthens theory and updates literature on the subject. Based on the findings, specific recommendations are offered to help improve the practice of franchising in Nigeria.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.169-172
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• 2016

Dermal fillers are generally accepted as safe and well-tolerable cosmetic tools. However, adverse reactions have been reported in the literature. Here, we present a case of atypical facial filler granuloma and compare its histologic features with those of the classic paraffinoma.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.9
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• pp.1146-1149
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• 2002

Acute vanishing bile syndrome is a cause of progressive cholestasis. It is most often drug or toxin related. It's pathogenesis is unknown. Stevens-Johnson syndorme is a well-recognized immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity reaction. It is induced by drug or infection. It has classic systemic, mucosal, and dermatologic manifestations. We report a case of a 14 years old female suffering from Stevens-Johnson syndrome plus vanishing bile duct syndrome associated with ibuprofen use. We report the case with a brief review of its related literature.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.74 no.5
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• pp.577-588
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• 2020

A unified solution is presented for the buckling analysis of rectangular laminated composite plates with elastically restrained edges. The plate is subjected to biaxial in-plane compression, and the boundary conditions are simulated by employing uniform distribution of linear and rotational springs at all edges. The critical values of buckling loads and corresponding modes are calculated based on classical lamination theory and using the Ritz method. The deflection function is defined based on simple polynomials without any auxiliary function. The verifications of the current study are carried out with available combinations of classic boundary conditions in the literature. Through parametric study with a wide range of spring factors with some classical as well as some not classical boundary conditions, competency of the present model of boundary conditions is proved.