• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.83-95
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• 2002

The objectives of this study were 1) to analyze the attitudes about Elderly Assisted Living(EAL), 2) to consider the policy implications for elderly communal housing according to socio-economic status(income, occupation and education). The survey was undertaken from August to September, 2000 in Seoul and Kyunggi-Do(Ilsan, Bundang). The data were analyzed by SPSS Window program. The major findings were as follows: Most of the respondents prefered to live in EAL(over 56%), under 10 units and desired to be serviced(housework.leisure medical program.meal service). The upper class respondents preferred high-rise apartment style inner city or suburban and prefered paid services in EAL. They would willingly to pay over 800,000 won for living expenses and more than 200 million won for buying their own EAL. The middle class respondents prefered 5 stories multi-family house style with common facilities as a number. And they prefered to common facilities opening to public if the quality of facilities were better. The low class respondents prefered 5 stories multi-family house style and prefered to live within 30 minutes apart from their families and friends. They would pay under 300,000~600,000won for monthly living expenses and under 100 million won for their own EAL.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.163-173
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to survey the needs of oriental medical students about the existing teaching methods and to investigate satisfaction of student-oriented teaching & learning method on the oriental medical ophthalmology & otolaryngology class. Methods : 1. Oriental medical ophthalmology & otolaryngology were studied by student-oriented teaching method with 36 persons( 4th grade, school of Oriental medicine). 2. The satisfaction of school lesson was surveyed with questioning paper before & after applying student-oriented teaching & learning method. Results : 1. 88.9% students replied that the general teaching method is a lecture at school of oriental medicine. 2. They replied that Problem based learning(36.1%) & Team based learning(22.2%) are more effective teaching methods than lecture(19.4)%). 3. 66.6% students replied about the necessity of improvement of major subject's teaching method. Conclusions : 1. The interest & understanding degree were improved compare with other class by lecture. 2. It was positive about the interaction with professor and students(64.8%). 3. It was positive about the diagnosis and treatment of patients in the future(64.7%). 4. It was negative about the present national examination(67.6%). 5. Meditation was helpful at classwork(64.7%).

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.1110-1122
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to study on realities and teachers' perception of Integrated-subject essay education in high school. Based upon teachers' perception, literature research and interview on integrated-subject essay education, measures to promote integrated-subject essay education in high school as follows. First, focused on realities of integrated-subject essay education, it is desirable that integrated-subject essay start from the first grade. Second, focused on objectives of integrated-subject essay education, it is desirable that integrated-subject essay education and assessment be executed to meet students' demand. Third, focused on contents of integrated-subject essay education, if high school teachers participate in essay examination questions and marking exams and essay examination questions is set within range of high school curriculum, it will contribute to normalizing public education. Fourth, focused on methods of integrated-subject essay education, teachers have to reconsider active perceptions to take a specialized essay training and to reduce a heavy workload to teachers, to develop guide book for integrated-subject essay education, to consult integrated-subject essay class, to develop specialized essay training program liking universities, to construct a specialized classroom for team teaching and debate class, to reduce students per class etc. are required. Fifth, focused on effects of integrated-subject essay education, it is desirable that integrated-subject essay education be executed for all students and in all subjects.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.71-81
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• 2017

Objectives : The purpose of this paper is to clarify the social characteristics of the authors of Huangdi Neijing such as status, class, and political ideology. Methods : We analyze the Neijing text and the social order and historical situations in the Han dynasty. Results : Some authors of the Neijing were the local medical officers whose salary was 100~400shi. Their positions were medical craftsmen(yigong) or chief medical craftsmen(yigongchang). They would have published the Neijing after the administrative reforms(146-145 BCE) that began after the suppression of the Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms. The bureaucrat yigong(chang) would have expected to participate in the public health policy of the empire or kingdom as an acupuncture expert. They would have also expected to contribute to the welfare and health of the privileged intellectual group and the public, hoping to ascend in status and class. Conclusions : By investigating the social characteristics of the authors who composed the Neijing, its various aspects would be newly understood.

• The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.99-122
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to find out the effects of a career education program during a discretional activity class in elementary school. It established the following questions to achieve the objectives. First, does a career education program In a discretional activity class have an effect on elementary schooler's career maturity? Second, does a career education program in a discretional activity class make an influence on elementary schooler's self-concept? To settle these subjects, it assigned two classes in 5th grade of A elementary school, city of Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, experiment group and control group. It was applied the experiment group a career education program. As for measurement, it was used career maturity level test for elementary and middle schoolers' and 'the self-concept diagnostic test'. It was examined career maturity and self-concept of the groups through the pre-test post-test, applying cross-tabulation analysis to career choices pattern and t-test to career maturity level and self-concept. The results were as follows: First, students of experiment group showed meaningful differences in career choice pattern, career choice attitude, and career choosing skills compared to control group, and that presented a career education program made a positive impact on elementary schooler's career maturity. Second, it showed that there was a significant difference in self-concept, showing students of experiment group took better place. it is believed that a career education program had a potent influence on the self-concept of elementary students.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.25-39
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• 2022

Objectives : This paper analyzes the new Majinhwiseong(麻疹彙成) manuscript discovered in Jeonju. The Majinhwiseong is a medical book specializing in measles co-authored in 1798 by Lee, Won-pung and three doctors from a middle class family. Until recently, the Handok (Korean-German) Medicine Museum copy was known to be the only existing version, but a new manuscript was recently discovered. Methods : The author, bibliography, organization, cited literature, and content of the book were studied. The contents of the Handok Museum of Medicine copy and other manuscripts were compared then reviewed. Results : 1. The book shows that middle class workers in the late 19th century were able to collaborate based on the results of their craft and form strong bonds. 2. The book was being prepared for publication in Pyeongan Gamyeong in December 1798, but failed to be published due to the sudden death of the Pyeongan-do governor. 3. For a correct understanding of this book, it is necessary to study the Handok Medicine Museum edition and the newly discovered manuscript (Jeonju edition) together. Conclusions : The two editions are of a different lineage. The Jeonju edition is overall more specific, while some parts are more detailed in the Handok edition. In conclusion, the Majinhwiseong is a book that was written by middle class doctors of late 18th century whose clinical experience was combined with Chinese medical theories. The book was specifically targeted to professional medical audiences.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.89-98
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• 2023

Objectives: This study applied Havruta, a learner-centered educational method, and verified its effectiveness, to break from the existing mechanical memorization methods of scripture reading classes, which are basic subjects of East Asian medicine at East Asian medicine universities. Method: To this end, D University's scripture reading course was redesigned according to Havruta's teaching model, and Havruta classes were conducted according to the instructional design. Results: As a result of the class, students' Chinese translation ability improved, and they were able to concentrate on class (M=4.24). Through class, they acquired knowledge in the field (M=4.21) and their ability to communicate with others improved (M=4.21). M=4.25), it can be inferred and interpreted that the learner is engaged. Conclusion: The results of this study are examples of applying various teaching and learning methods required in the East Asian medicine evaluation and certification of East Asian medicine at East Asian medicine universities, and can be used as practical basic data that can be applied not only to scripture reading subjects but also to other subjects.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.114-123
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• 2006

Objectives : The special class has been made, bringing rapid increase quantitatively. The authors carried out the child psychiatric interview and evaluation for 9 special-classed children in Asan city to find out clinical diagnosis and emotional/behavioral characteristics. Methods : The child psychiatrists evaluated special class children by DSM-IV and K-SADS-PL. Tools for the evaluation were Child Behavior Checklist- Korean version, Korean Personality Inventory for Children, Children's Depression Inventory, Abbreviated Conners Parent-Teacher Rating Scale-Revised, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children, Vineland Social Maturity Scale, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III, and Childhood Autism Rating Scale. Results : Ultimately 53 children, consisting of 35 boys(67.9%) and 18 girls(32.1%), participated, and the average age was $10.5{\pm}1.3$ years old. Their measure of Vineland Social Maturity Scale was $78.7{\pm}20.0$, Childhood Autism Rating Scales was $25.4{\pm}9.0$, Child Depression Inventory was $22.2{\pm}5.2$, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children was $35.2{\pm}8.2/36.5{\pm}6.2$, and Abbreviated Conners Parent-Teacher Rating Scale was $11.0{\pm}4.6$. In the clinical diagnosis evaluation, the prevalence rate of learning disorder was decreased compared to early research, ADHD had been newly appeared and depression disorder and anxiety disorder had been increased. Conclusion : This result suggests that a lot of children in a special class have complex emotional and behavioral problems in addition to educational problems.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.40-50
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• 2000

Objectives : The progression of renal disease can be identified as a glomerulosclerosis by histological examination, and the basic mechanism of glomerulosclerosis is mesangial cell proliferation and mesangial matrix accumulation. ICAM-1, ${\beta}1-integrin$ and MHC-class II are known to attribute to the progression of glomerulosclerosis. They mediate cell-cell or cell-matrix interactions and are expressed in response to injury and inflammation. Up to now, there have been few satisfactory regimens to treat glomerular diseases except minimal change nephrotic syndrome, which can be improved by steroid therapy. Studies were performed in order to investigate whether Jinmu-tang has suppressive effects on some factors associated with the progression of glomerular disease, mesangial cell proliferation, fibronectin synthesis, ICAM-1, ${\beta}1-integrin$ and MHC-class II expression. Methods : Studies were performed with the method of surface enzyme immunoassays or flow cytometry after addition of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) supernatants treated with Jinmu-tang, using the cultured human mesangial cells. Results : 1. The suppressive effect of Jinmu-tang on mesangial cell proliferation was higher than that of hydrocortisone. 2. Jinmu-tang has some suppressive effects on fibronectin synthesis, ICAM-1, expression, ${\beta}1-integrin$ expression and MHC-class II expression of mesangial cells, but was lower than hydrocortisone. Conclusions : Jinmu-tang generally shows some immunosuppressive effects. We carefully suggest that the above prescription may be applied to prevent the progression of renal disease or can be used as an adjuvant of or a substitute for steroid therapy.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.24-32
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• 2013

This paper determined students' ranks of difficulty on the use of materials in terms of 1) understanding the layout of the learning materials, 2) reading comprehension of the learning materials, and 3) realization on relevance to needs of the learning materials. It also determined students' 4) rank and frequency of attitude on the materials. With the data gathered through 128 survey questionnaires, 7 focused group discussions, and 10 interviews, the results were found out that there was an inappropriate assessment procedure set by this particular university. The researcher concludes that: 1) design of four types of classes by just using the two textbooks with their respective workbooks is grammar-based with limited conversation activities; 2) placement for these students in one big class size was implemented without considering their common interest and motivation and language levels; and, 3) qualification of teachers teaching these EFL students did not support students' real needs and the language program itself. Content professors who were made to teach may have the ability to input learning, but their teaching styles may differ from the ones who are real English teachers. This paper then recommends that teachers and school administration should have an appropriate placement exam before students attend the class, especially in a big class size. There could only be a few problems among students in one big class size when students' level of competence is proportioned. With this, topics and conversation activities can even be more flexible with the maneuver of art of questioning, various dimensions of thinking, strategic competence, learning attitude or behavior, etc. to ensure sustenance of communicative mode and level of interest and motivation in the classroom. Grammar-based instruction can only be taught when a need arises. Thus, the course description of each class will be able to transact the objectives ready for developing students' communication competence. Moreover, proper measurement can be utilized to validly assess the amount of students' learning and the progress of language curriculum design in terms of materials selection and teaching approach.