• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.93-102
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of high school students' disability and academic stress on the participation of integrated physical education class. The result of this study is to examine the correlation between disability, academic stress and integrated physical education. There were negative correlations between parent stress and self stress among the subvariables. There was a positive correlation with the integrated physical education commitment and all the sub variables were positive. There was a negative correlation between academic stress and integrated physical education involvement, and all sub variables were negative.We examined the differences in the general characteristics of how disability and academic stress affect active commitment in the integrated physical education class. You can do it.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.136-142
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• 2019

Nuclear power plant concrete structures are in contact with the coast, and durability due to chloride attack is very important because it is used as cooling water by taking seawater. For this purpose, a 3-year long-term saltwater immersion test was carried out to evaluate chloride ion diffusion coefficient and age apponent (m) The m values of the foundation with 4,000 class was 0.35 ~ 0.39, similar to KCI or ACI suggested values. essential service water constructions and tunnels of 5,000 class were 0.44 ~ 0.53 and 6,000 class, and 0.62 of reactor containment buildings were similar to the proposed values of FIB. As a result of the prediction of the service life with the measured age coefficient, all the safety related concrete structures of the nuclear power plants satisfied the service life of more than 60 years.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.187-209
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• 2022

The objective of this study was to conduct a 'Theory of Home Economics Education' class using online problem-based learning(PBL) for prospective home economics(HE) teachers. The aim was to enable teachers to analyze the learning experience in the classroom, and to prepare operational strategies for online PBL on this basis. In order to achieve this, online PBL was applied to 31 students participating in the 'Theory of Home Economics Education' at the Department of HE in a university in Seoul, and the results were collected from the learning process. This also involved a reflective journal, a survey on the learning experience and the impacts was conducted. Moreover, analysis was undertaken on the learning activities, learning difficulties, and improvements. The main research results are as follows. Firstly, students accessed Webex, an online video conferencing program, and performed two PBL tasks: 'Making Home Economics Promotion Materials' and 'Presenting Teaching Strategies to Improve Learner's Immersion in Online Classes'. Secondly, learners established their own identity of HE learned about the HE class plans themselves. They also encountered realistic experience as HE teachers and learned communication and collaboration skills. Furthermore, they acquired creative problem-solving and self-directed learning ability, community consciousness, as well as the attitude of consideration and respect. Thirdly, students lacked knowledge of learning content and encountered difficulty in solving data research, analysis processes, and unstructured problems. They were affected by a lack of time and encountered problem in communicating with other team members in an online environment. As an improvement in online class operation, it was considrered necessary to reduce the learning burden by securing time and reducing the number of assignments, as well as to explain active interaction with instructors and PBL.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.172-179
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• 2014

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effect of 38% carbamide peroxide on the microleakage of class V cavities restored with either a silorane-based composite or two methacrylate-based composites. Materials and Methods: A total of 96 class V cavities were prepared on the buccal surface of extracted human teeth with both enamel and dentin margins and were randomly assigned into three groups of Filtek P90 (3M-ESPE) + P90 system adhesive (3M-ESPE)(group A), Filtek Z250 (3M-ESPE) + Adper Prompt L-Pop (3M-ESPE)(group B) and Filtek Z350XT (3M-ESPE) + Adper Prompt L-Pop (group C). Half of the teeth were randomly underwent bleaching (38% carbamide peroxide, Day White, Discus Dental, applying for 15 min, twice a day for 14 day) while the remaining half (control) were not bleached. Dye penetration was measured following immersion in basic fuchsine. Data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests at a level of 0.05. Results: No significant differences were found between composites in the control groups in enamel (p = 0.171) or dentin (p = 0.094) margins. After bleaching, microleakage of Z250 (in enamel [p = 0.867] or dentin [p = 0.590] margins) and Z350 (in enamel [p = 0.445] or dentin [p = 0.591]margins) did not change significantly, but the microleakage of P90 significantly increased in both enamel (p = 0.042) and dentin (p = 0.002) margins. Conclusions: No significant differences were noted between the bleached and control subgroups of two methacrylate-based composites in enamel or dentin margins. Microleakage of silorane-based composite significantly increased after bleaching.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.187-196
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microleakage of retrofilled teeth with various materials [non-zinc Amalgam, IRM, Ketac-silver, CGP(cold-burnished, ultrafil)[and instruments for cavity preparation. Root apex were resected 2mm from apex horizontally and class I cavities were prepared in 2mm denpth, 1.5mm width and were filled with above mentioned materials. Root apex were resected 2mm from apex horizontally and class I cavities were prepared in 2mm depth, 1. 5mm width and were filled with above mentioned materials. 2% methylene blue dye solution was used for 4 days immersion and the linear leakage was measured with calipers and the volumetric leakage was determined with a spectrophotometer. The results were as follows : 1. Amalgam group showed the greatest amount of leakage and Ketac-silver group showed the least value. 2. By linear leakage test, the group retrofilled with Ketac-silver, or CGP showed better seal than the group of Amalgam or IRM. This was shown in both retrograde tip and Conventional method. 3. By volumetric leakage test, the group retrofilled with Ketac-silver showed significantly better seal than the group with IRM in retrograde tip method. 4. By volumetric leakage test, the group retrofilled with Ketac-silver showed significantly better seal than the group with Amalgam in the Conventional method.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.355-360
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• 2023

Recently, with the development of digital, children are exposed to a lot of media media. Reading activity decreases, making it difficult to acquire information from books or organize and remember acquired information. Since education with augmented reality increases children's participation and immersion in learning, we proposed a reading activity application with augmented reality technology to increase children's reading interest and creativity. In addition, based on the five nurturing processes, we designed a play-oriented reading activity for the application. In addition to the application suggestions, we designed a play-centered lesson model so that it can be used in actual lessons. In order to analyze the conceptual thinking framework according to the lesson model design, we visited an actual daycare center and conducted a class attended by an expert. Experts who participated were asked to fill out a pre-produced questionnaire to review the suitability of the reading activity class model and operation, and the feasibility was examined. Our lesson model design was based on limited book content, and due to ethical concerns, large-scale experiments with children could not be conducted, so the results of the study are not representative of the whole. However, it is significant that the possibility of running a new reading activity class based on the Nuri course has been examined and proposed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.81-87
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• 2018

Recently, honorary retirement is spreading like a fashion among teachers. This was due to rapid environmental changes and stress. Therefore, in this study, we examined the relationship between teachers' stress and job exhaustion. The study was conducted for middle school teachers in Changwon city. The results of this study were as follows: First, job stress of middle school teachers affected emotional exhaustion. Second, job stress of middle school teachers had an effect on impersonation. Finally, job stress of secondary teachers did not affect the reduced individual achievement. The results of this study suggest that job stress of middle school teachers is closely related to job exhaustion. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the administrative simplification based on the analysis of the teacher 's stress factors and the immersion into the class.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.72-76
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• 2003

This paper presents the design concept and operation results of float-off for FSO (340,000 DWT Class, ELF AMENAM KPONO Project) built on the ground, without dry dock facilities. It was the first attempt to build FSO, completely, on the ground and launch it using DBU (Double Barge Unit, which was connected by rigid frame structure.) The major characteristics of FSO, which are similar to general VLCC type hull, including topside structure, weigh 51,000 metric ton. In order to have sufficient stability during the deck immersion of DBU, while passing through a minimum water plane area zone, proper trim control was completed with LMC (Load Master Computer). The major features of the monitoring system include calculation for transverse bending moment, shear force, local strength check of each connector, based on component stress, and deformation check during the load-out and float-off. Another major concern during the operation was to avoid damages at the bottom and sides of FSO, due to motion & movement after free-floating; therefore, adequate clearances between DBU and FSO were to be provided, and guide posts were installed to prevent side damage of the DBU casings. This paper also presents various measures that indecate the connector bending moment, damage stability analysis, and mooring of DBU during float off.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.113-125
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to examine the durability characteristics of controlled low strength material(flowable fill) with high volume fly ash content. Flowable fill refer to self-compacted, cementitious material used primarily as a backfill in lieu of compacted fill. The two primary advantages of flowable fill over traditional methods are its ease of placement and the elimination of settlement. Therefore, in difficult compaction areas or areas where settlement is a concern, flowable fill should be considered. The fly ash used in this study met the requirements of KS L 5405 and ASTM C 618 for Class F material. The mix proportions used for flowable fill are selected to obtain low-strength materials in the 10 to 15kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$ range. The optimized flowable fill was consisted of 60kg f/$\textrm{m}^3$ cement content, 280kgf/$\textrm{m}^3$ fly ash content, 1400kgf/$\textrm{m}^3$ sand content, and 320kgf/$\textrm{m}^3$ water content. Subsequently, durability tests including permeability, warm water immersion, repeated wetting & drying, freezing & thawing for high volume fly ash-flowable fill are conducted. The results indicated that flowable fill has acceptable durability characteristics.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.109-136
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• 2009

This study investigates English medium instruction (EMI) in an institution of higher education in Seoul, Korea to see whether this course creates cultural correction (reproduction of inequitable relations of power in EMI settings) or cultural continuity (opportunities for transporting students into a third space and enabling them to explore cultural diversity and to create new knowledge for themselves). A single site where EMI is carried out, a class on fairy tales and child education taught by a native English speaking professor, was chosen because it was hypothesized that the professor would display some of her unconscious dominant cultural orientation. The results of the study show that there more cases of cultural correction than there were of cultural continuity. Cases of cultural correction included lack of knowledge about the local context, fixing Korean classroom discourse as if it were American classroom discourse, and reproducing orientalism in the local educational setting. Cases of cultural continuity included using comparison to consider the cultural reality of the milieu, creating new knowledge for the local milieu, and learning as a dynamic ongoing process. Implications of this research are discussed including the important realization that EMI should be managed by subject specialists who are trained in language education and have knowledge of the students' needs and discourse in the L1 and in the local context.