• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.570-578
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• 2012

The present study investigated the effect of diets supplemented with different levels (0, 1, 3, and 5 %) of fig leaf ethanol extract (FLEE) on the nutritional composition of black rockfish Sebastes schlegeli. Fish ($10.05{\pm}0.44g$) were fed to apparent satiation twice daily for 8 weeks. Adding FLEE decreased crude lipid levels and increased crude protein and ash. Among the three organic acids in the whole body of black rockfish, lactic acid was predominant, followed by citric acid and oxalic acid. Five free sugars were found in all groups. Fucose and glucose were the dominant free sugars in the FLEE-added group. The abundant fatty acids in the FLEE-added group were C16:0, C18:1-cis (n9), and C22:6n-3. The major amino acids in the samples were glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glycine, leucine, alanine, lysine, and arginine. The abundant free amino acids in the FLEE-added group were taurine, glutamic acid, alanine, leucine, and arginine.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.162-169
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• 2015

Hamamelis japonica (Hamamelidaceae), widely known as Japanese witch hazel, is a deciduous flowering shrub that produces compact clumps of yellow or orange-red flowers with long and thin petals. As a part of our ongoing search for phenolic constituents from this plant, eleven phenolic constituents including six flavonol glycosides, a chalcone glycoside, two coumaroyl flavonol glycosides and two galloylated compounds were isolated from the flowers. Their structures were elucidated as methyl gallate (1), myricitrin (2), hyperoside (3), isoquercitrin (4), quercitrin (5), spiraeoside (6), kaempferol 4'-O-β-glucopyranoside (7), chalcononaringenin 2'-O-β-glucopyranoside (8), trans-tiliroside (9), cis-tiliroside (10), and pentagalloyl-O-β-D-glucose (11), respectively. These structures of the compounds were identified on the basis of spectroscopic studies including the on-line LCNMR-MS and conventional NMR techniques. Particularly, directly coupled LC-NMR-MS afforded sufficient structural information rapidly to identify three flavonol glycosides (2 - 4) with the same molecular weight in an extract of Hamamelis japonica flowers without laborious fractionation and purification step. Cytotoxic effects of all the isolated phenolic compounds were evaluated on HCT116 human colon cancer cells, and pentagalloyl-O-β-D-glucose (11) was found to be significantly potent in inhibiting cancer cell growth.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.1233-1241
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• 2020

Objective: The present investigation was aimed to explore the potential of lactobacilli for conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) production, isolated from rumen fluid samples of lactating goats. Methods: A total of 64 isolates of lactobacilli were obtained using deMan-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) agar from rumen fluid of goats and further subjected to morphological and biochemical characterizations. Isolates found as gram-positive, catalase negative rods were presumptively identified as Lactobacillus species and further confirmed by genus specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The phylogenetic tree was constructed from the nucleotide sequences using MEGA6. Results: Out of the 64 isolates, 23 isolates were observed positive for CLA production by linoleate isomerase gene-based amplification and quantitatively by UV-spectrophotometric assay for the conversion of linoleic acid to CLA as well as gas chromatography-based assay. In all Lactobacillus species cis9, trans11 isomer was observed as the most predominant CLA isomer. These positive isolates were identified by 16S rRNA gene-based PCR sequencing and identified to be different species of L. ingluviei (2), L.salivarius (2), L. curvatus (15), and L. sakei (4). Conclusion: The findings of the present study concluded that lactic acid bacteria isolated from ruminal fluid samples of goat have the potential to produce bioactive CLA and may be applied as a direct fed microbial to enhance the nutraceutical value of animal food products.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.467-476
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• 2008

To keep the superconducting (SC) magnet coils of KSTAR at proper operating conditions, not only the coils but also other cold components, such as thermal shields (TS), magnet structures, SC bus-lines (BL), and current leads (CL) must be maintained at their respective cryogenic temperatures. A helium refrigeration system (RRS) with an exergetic equivalent cooling power of 9 kW at 4.5 K without liquid nitrogen ($LN_2$) pre-cooling has been manufactured and installed. The main components of the KST AR helium refrigeration system (HRS) can be classified into the warm compression system (WCS) and the cryogenic devices according to the operating temperature levels. The process helium is compressed from 1 bar to 22 bar passing through the WCS and is supplied to cryogenic devices. The main components of cryogenic devices are consist of cold box (C/B) and distribution box (D/B). The C/B cool-down and make the various cryogenic helium for the KSTAR Tokamak and the various cryogenic helium is distributed by the D/B as per the KSTAR requirement. In this proceeding, we will present the commissioning results of the KSTAR HRS. Circuits which can simulate the thermal loads and pressure drops corresponding to the cooling channels of each cold component of KSTAR have been integrated into the helium distribution system of the HRS. Using those circuits, the performance and the capability of the HRS, to fulfill the mission of establishing the appropriate operating condition for the KSTAR SC magnet coils, have been successfully demonstrated.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.5-8
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• 2011

The proliferation of new technologies has significantly enhanced the diagnostic capabilities of flexible bronchoscopy compared with traditional methods. Narrow band imaging (NBI), an optical technique in which filtered light enhances superficial neoplasms based on their neoangiogenic patterns, was developed to screen for central intraepithelial moderate or severe dysplasia, carcinoma in situ (CIS), and microinvasive neoplasia in patients at risk for lung cancer. Because angiogenesis occurs preferentially in dysplastic and neoplastic lesions, NBI may identify early dysplastic lesions better than white light bronchoscopy (WLB) currently in use. NBI bronchoscopy can be used not only to detect precancerous lesions, but also to screen for cancerous lesions. We prospectively evaluated 101 patients with suspected lung cancer between July 2009 and June 2010. All were previously scheduled for flexible bronchoscopy CT scans. Abnormal NBI was defined by Shibuya's descriptors (tortuous, dotted, or spiral and screw patterns). Biopsies of 132 lesions in 92 patients showed that 78 lesions (59.1%) were malignant and 54 (40.9%) were benign. The diagnostic sensitivity of bronchoscopy in detecting malignancy was 96.2% (75/78). When assorted by lesion pattern, the sensitivity and specificity of NBI bronchoscopy in detecting malignancies were 69.2% (54/78) and 96.3% (52/54), respectively, for the spiral and screw pattern and 14.1% (11/78) and 96.3% (52/54), respectively, for the dotted pattern. Unexpectedly, additional cancerous lesions were detected in five patients (2 dotted and 3 spiral and screw). As a screening tool for malignant lesions, NBI bronchoscopy should assess combinations of all three lesion. The dotted and spiral and screw patterns may be helpful in determining which lesions should be biopsied. NBI bronchoscopy may be useful not only for the diagnosis of early-stage lung cancer but also for more accurate local staging of lung cancer.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.9
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• pp.1-18
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• 2004

Most of the Korean diaspora who lived in Yunhaeju moved to Central Asia in 1937 following the policy of deportation of Russia. Uzbekistan is the representative place for Korean diaspora to have settled down in Central Asia at that time and mort Korean diaspora in Central Asia are living in Uzbekistan now. Korean diaspora have maintained a traditional way of living for 140 years without a deep relationship with Korea. This study examined the dwellings of the Korean diaspora of Uzbekistan in Central Asia by visiting their houses and conducting interviews. Results of the research were as following: 1) The houses of the Korean diaspora in Uzbekistan in early times consisted of 2-3 bedrooms with Gudle. Gudle is the most traditional element of the Korean diaspora's house and it has been used as a place for gathering family members. 2) Korean diaspora's houses in Uzbekistan were built according to Russian and Uzbek style but most of the Korean diaspora's have a mixed style with traditional Korean elements of living.3) The changing process of planning and building codes of apartments in Uzbekistan is similar to that in other CIS nations and all of Russia. 4) Korean's food style is a mixture of Korean, Russian and Central Asian foods. Kimchi and Jang (bean paste) are essential for most Koreans and most Koreans are making these at home. 5) Most Koreans have maintained a good relationship with the Uzbek people and Koreans are very active in gelling along well with all. This enables them to exchange their culture eventually in various parts. This study could be the first step to supply basic information for the study of the Korean diaspora in Uzbekistan. Deeper research over a wider range is needed in Russia.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.123-127
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• 2004

Pseudomonas sp. MBEL21 was newly isolated from soil samples and found to accumulate medium-chain-length Polyhydroxyalkanoates(MCL-PHAs) using oleic acid as a sole carbon source. Among the various nutrient limiting conditions examined, including nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus, only phosphorus limitation supported the accumulation of MCL-PHAs up to 15 wt％ of dry cell weight in flask cultures. MCL-PHAs produced by Pseudomonas sp. MBEL21 was mainly composed of 3-hydroxy-5-cis-tetradecenoate. Fed-batch culture of Pseudomonas sp. MBEL21 by novel feeding strategies based on cell growth charcteristics was carried out under phosphorus limitation using oleic acid as a sole carbon source. The final cell concentration and PHA content of 82 g/L and 28 wt％, respectively, were obtained. Furthermore, PHA consisted of MCL-hydroxyalkanoates and 3-hydroxybutyrate could be produced using olive oil as a sole carbon source.

• Journal of Korean Medical Science
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• v.33 no.53
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• pp.345.1-345.14
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• 2018

Background: This study aimed to investigate associations between self-reported sleep duration and general and abdominal obesity in Korean adults stratified according to gender and age. Methods: Data from 41,805 adults, 18-110 years of age, collected by the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) in 2007 and 2015, were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for obesity and abdominal obesity by sleep duration after controlling for sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. Results: Among individuals 30-49 years of age, there was an increased AOR for obesity only for sleep duration ${\leq}5hour/day$ compared with sleep duration 6 to 8 hour/day, both in men (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.02-1.54) and women (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.29-1.90), after controlling for covariates. Regarding women, there was increased AOR for abdominal obesity for sleep duration ${\leq}5hour/day$ (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.18-1.78) and ${\geq}9hour/day$ (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.09-1.76) compared with sleep duration 6 to 8 hour/day. However, for elderly individuals (${\geq}65years$), there was a negative association between sleep duration ${\leq}5hour/day$ and obesity, but not with abdominal obesity, in both men and women. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a significant association between sleep duration and obesity, which varied according to gender and age.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.379-386
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• 1994

Reactions of 1',2-bis(diphenylphosphino)-l-(N,N-dimethylaminomethyl)ferrocene (FcNPP) with $M(CO)_6$ (M=Cr, Mo, W) in the presence of TMNO (Trimethylamine oxide) in a stoichiometric ratio of 1 : 1.5 : 3.5 produced a series of Gp 6 metal carbonyl derivatives with a variety of coordination modes: M(CO)$_4({\eta}^2$-FcNPP-P,P) (M=Cr, Mo, W), $M(CO)_5({\eta}^1-FcNPP-P) (M=Mo, W)\;,\; M_2(CO)_9({\eta}^1\;,\;{\eta}^2-FcNPP-P,P,N) (M=Cr, Mo)\;,\;M_2(CO)_{10}({\eta}^1\;,\;{\eta}^1-FcNPP-P,P) (M=Cr, Mo, W)\;, and\;W(CO)_4({\eta}^2-FcNPP(O)-P,N)$. All these complexes were characterized by microanalytical and spectroscopic techniques. In one case, the structure of W(CO)$_4({\eta}^2$-FcNPP(O)-P,N) was determined by X-ray crystallography. Crystals are monocinic, space group P$2_{1/C}$, with a=10.147(2), b=19.902(3), c=19.821(4) ${\AA},\;{\beta}=96.88(2)^{\circ},\;V=3974(l){\AA}^3$, Z=4, and $D_{calc}=1.64 g cm^{-3}$. The geometry around the central tungsten metal is a distorted octahedron, with the nitrogen and phosphorus atoms being cis to each other. Some of these complexes exhibited catalytic activities in the allylic oxidation and epoxidation of cholesterly acetate. Other oxidation products were also formed with the different chemical yields and product distribution depending upon the ligand and the central metal.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.570-583
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• 2021

Pyrococcus furiosus α-amylase can hydrolyze α-1,4 linkages in starch and related carbohydrates under hyperthermophilic condition (~ 100℃), showing great potential in a wide range of industrial applications, while its relatively low productivity from heterologous hosts has limited the industrial applications. Bacillus subtilis, a gram-positive bacterium, has been widely used in industrial production for its non-pathogenic and powerful secretory characteristics. This study was conducted to increase production of P. furiosus α-amylase in B. subtilis through three strategies. Initial experiments showed that co-expression of P. furiosus molecular chaperone peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase through genomic integration mode, using a CRISPR/Cas9 system, increased soluble amylase production. Therefore, considering that native P. furiosus α-amylase is produced within a hyperthermophilic environment and is highly thermostable, heat treatment of intact culture at 90℃ for 15 min was performed, thereby greatly increasing soluble amylase production. After optimization of the culture conditions (nitrogen source, carbon source, metal ion, temperature and pH), experiments in a 3-L fermenter yielded a soluble activity of 3,806.7 U/ml, which was 3.3- and 28.2-fold those of a control without heat treatment (1,155.1 U/ml) and an empty expression vector control (135.1 U/ml), respectively. This represents the highest P. furiosus α-amylase production reported to date and should promote innovation in the starch liquefaction process and related industrial productions. Meanwhile, heat treatment, which may promote folding of aggregated P. furiosus α-amylase into a soluble, active form through the transfer of kinetic energy, may be of general benefit when producing proteins from thermophilic archaea.