• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.160-164
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• 2011

Squamous cell carcinoma of the pancreas is a rare, uncommon tumor that is characterized by squamous metaplasia of the ductal columnar cells. We report the image findings of a rare case of the pancreatic squamous cell carcinoma associated with chronic pancreatitis.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.440-443
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• 2022

A key step in the synthesis of camostat mesylate, which is most widely used as a treatment for chronic pancreatitis, was conducted. Camostat mesylate was synthesized through the esterification reaction of two intermediates, GBA (4-guanidinobenzoic acid hydrochloride) and DOHA [2-(dimethylamino)-2-oxoethyl-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate]. In order to overcome the problem raised due to the low yield and expensive reagents, a new economical synthesis method was developed that can produce camostat mesylate with a high yield of 80% by activating the acid functional group of GBA using the Vilsmeier-Haack reaction and coupling it with DOHA.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.226-230
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• 1995

Effusions arising from acute pancreatitis are usually small, left sided and self limiting. The incidence of pleural effusions in acute pancreatitis is reported between 3% and 17%. In chronic pancreatitis, as a consequence of fistula and pancreatitic pseudocyst formation or by spontaneous rupture of a pancreatic psudocyst directly into thoracic cavity, extremely large effusions may be seen. When the underlying pacreatic disease is asymptomatic, the diagnosis is made by measuring the amylase content of the pleural fluid. We experience a case of left sided pleural effusions caused by pancreatico-pleural fistula associated with pancreatic pseudocyst. The diagnosis was made by measuring of pleural fluid amylase level(80000U/L). Abdominal CT scan revealed pancreatic pseudocyct and pancreatitis with extension to left pleural space through esophageal hiatus and extension to left subdiaphragmatic space. Left pleural effusions were decreased after fasting, total parenteral nutrition and percutaneous pleural fluid catheter drainage. We reported a case of pleural effusions and pacreatico-pleural fistula asssociated with asymptomatic pancreatic disease with review of literatures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.83 no.6
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• pp.1418-1425
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• 2022

Elderly patients with a history of chronic alcoholism presented to our hospital with episodes of melena, abdominal pain, and anemia. During admission, hemorrhagic cystic lesion at the pancreas was observed on abdominal CT. Transcatheter angiography confirmed active bleeding foci and arterial embolization was performed. After the procedure, the bleeding was resolved. The authors report two cases of hemosuccus pancreaticus and pancreaticocolic fistula associated with pancreatitis, a rare cause of gastrointestinal bleeding, treated with vascular intervention.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.271-277
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• 2002

Background: A pancreatic pseudocyst is one of various complications occurring in acute or chronic pancreatitis. It is usually located in the retroperitoneal space near the pancreas. However, other unusual locations are also possible. Jones initially described the mediastinal pseudocyst in 1940. Since then, fewer than 50 cases have been reported. A diagnosis of a mediastinal pseudocyst is accomplished by imaging studies revealing the cystic nature of the mass with evidences of acute or chronic pancreatitis. There is some controversy regarding the appropriate management of mediastinal pseudocyst because of the high mortality and morbidity after surgical management. Here we report a case of a mediastinal pancreatic pseudocyst found in a patient with asymptomatic alcohol-related pancreatitis complicated by the development of a mediastinal pseudocyst, which quickly resolved after endoscopic retrograde pancreatic and biliary drainage and subcutaneous injection of a somatostatin analog(octreotide acetate) without any complications.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.194-203
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• 1999

Purpose: Childhood pancreatitis has more various and somewhat different etiology than adult. Until now the analysis of severity in childhood pancreatitis were not well-known, although several studies have been made. Therefore, we studied the etiology and complications in childhood pancreatitis and analyzed whether Ranson and CT criteria could be applicated to evaluate the severity of childhood pancreatitis patients. Methods: The records of 30 patients with pancreatitis under 15 years of ages who were diagnosed in Asan medical center were reviewed. Age, sex, history, etiology, clinical features and treatment was reviewed in all patients but complications, Ranson and CT criteria were available in only 12 patients. Correlation between the number of complications and both Ranson and CT criteria were calculated with Spearman correlation coefficient. Results: 1. Median age at diagnosis was 7.3 years of age. 28 cases were acute pancreatitis and 2 cases were chronic pancreatitis. 2. Etiology: choledochal cyst(8 cases), drug (7 cases), trauma (4 cases), infection (3 cases), biliary stone or bile sludge (3 cases), idiopathic (2 cases) Hemolytic uremic syndrome, pancreatic duct obstruction, iatrogenic (1 case). 3. Local complications were ascites (5 cases), pseudocyts (4 cases) and systemic complications were hyperglycemia (4 cases), hypocalcemia (3 cases), pleural effusion (3 cases), etc. 4. Positive correlation was found between the number of complication and Ranson creteria (r=0.78, P=0.0016) and between the number of complication and CT criteria (r=0.65, P=0.015) in 13 cases. Conclusion: A trial to search the biliary duct anomaly may help to find the causes of childhood idiopathic pancreatitis, and both Ranson and CT criteria can be applicated to pediatric patients to evaluate the severity of childhood pancreatitis.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2021

Objectives : Forsythiae Fructus has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects in many diseases, and Corydalis Tuber has been used as a pain suppressor in Eastern Asia. However, the protective effects of individual water extract of Forsythiae Fructus (FF) and Corydalis Tuber (CT) and the mixture of FF and CT (FC) on chronic pancreatitis (CP) were not well-investigated. Therefore, we investigated the protective effects of FF, CT, and FC on CP in mice. Methods : To induce CP, cerulein was injected 6 times a day, 4 times a week for 3 weeks. 1 h before the every cerulein injection, 200 mg/kg of FF, CT, or FC was intraperitoneally injected to mice. Histological analysis of pancreas was examined by hematoxylin and eosin stain and collagen deposition was examined by Masson's trichrome stain. Fibrogenic parameters such as α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, and fibrotic cytokines such as transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) were also analyzed by immunofluorescence stain and real-time PCR. Results : Histological damages in pancreas were inhibited by pre-treatment of FF or FC but not CT. α-SMA and ECM in pancreas were inhibited by pre-treatment of CT or FC but not FF. Moreover, the expression of TGF-β1 and PDGF in pancreas were inhibited by FF, CT or FC. Conclusions : Our results suggest that FC have protective effect on CP in mice through inhibition of α-SMA, ECM, TGF-β1 and PDGF in pancreas, and these findings could suggest new clinical strategy for CP.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.406-412
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• 2022

Purpose: The role of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in the management of hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases in the pediatric population was not well defined until recently. Our aim was to determine the feasibility, outcomes, and safety of ERCP in a local pediatric population, particularly using standard adult endoscopes and accessories. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the National Hospital of Sri Lanka. Pediatric patients (aged <16 years) who underwent ERCP from January 2015 to December 2020 were included in the study. Data, including patient demographics, indications for the procedure, technical details, and associated complications, were collected from the internal database and patient records maintained at the hospital. Results: The study included 62 patients who underwent a total of 98 ERCP procedures. All the procedures were performed by adult gastroenterologists using standard adult endoscopes and accessories. The mean age was 11.01±3.47 years. Pancreatic diseases were the major indications for most of the procedures (n=81, 82.7%), with chronic pancreatitis being the most common. Seventeen procedures (17.3%) were carried out for biliary diseases. Overall cannulation and technical success rates were 87.8% and 85.7%, respectively. Stent placement was the most common therapeutic intervention (n=66; 67.4%). Post-ERCP pancreatitis was the most common complication, occurring in eight patients (8.2%). Conclusion: ERCP can be successfully and safely performed in pediatric populations using standard adult endoscopes and accessories with complications similar to those of adults. Adult ERCP services can be offered to most pediatric patients without additional costs of pediatric endoscopes and accessories.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.76 no.5
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• pp.240-244
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• 2014

Pancreaticothoracic fistula is a rare complication of acute or chronic alcoholic pancreatitis. It may present with various symptoms, like dyspnea, abdominal pain, cough, chest pain, fever, back pain, hemoptysis, fatigue, or orthopnea. Pancreaticothoracic fistula can be detected by magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), or computed tomography. MRCP has high sensitivity and fewer side effects, and thus it has recently been recommended as the first choice for the detection of pancreaticothoracic fistula. On the other hand, ERCP enables the detection and treatment of pancreaticothoracic fistula and allows for stent insertion; for this reason it is a commonly used modality in pancreaticothoracic fistula cases. Herein, the authors describe a case of pancreaticothoracic fistula detected by ERCP and MRCP that manifested only respiratory symptoms, namely hemoptysis and pneumothorax without abdominal pain, which commonly accompanies pancreatitis.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.164-170
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• 1988

Neurolysis of the celiac plexus is performed to relieve intractable pain caused by carcinoma of the stomach, liver and pancreas, and upper abdominal metastasis of tumors having more distant origins. It is also occasionally effective in controlling the pain of chronic pancreatitis. Alcohol celiac plexus blocks were done in 22 patients of whom 18 had intractable upper abdominal pain from cancer and 4 had pain from chronic pancreatitis. In most cases, an initial diagnostic block with 0.2 percent bupivacaine was followed by the therapeuntic block performed by injecting 50ml of 60 percent ethyl alcohol. Good to excellent pain relief occurred in 86 percent of patients. Duration of pain relief was from 4 months to 7 months in 55 percent of patients. Complications and side effects were infrequently seen but did include a 16 percent decrease of mean systolic arterial pressure and 16 cases of facial flushing. This block is remarkably safe as well as effective for the relief of upper abdominal pain from cancer origin.