• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1412-1423
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• 1999

This review contains a discussion of the physiological activity of the components of Allium vegetables. Organosulfur compounds in Allium vegetables, such as ajoene, diallyl sulfides and S allylcysteine, have cancer preventive activity in chemically induced animal cancer models. They also have inhibitory effects on proliferation of cancer cells in vitro. Allium vegetables have lipid and cholesterol lowering effect, and platelet aggregation inhibitory activity that help the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Sulfur con taining compounds, especially allicin and ajoene, have antimicrobial activities against gram negative, positive bacteria and fungi. Moreover, Allium organosulfur compounds such as S allylcysteine showed reducing effects on the senescence related symptoms including cognition. Allium organosulfur compounds have significant importance in food industry as both biologically active ingredients and savory.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.544-547
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• 2007

The effects of hwangryun(Coptidis Rhizoma) on lowering lipid and oxidative stress in the induced obesity rat was observed. The concentration of plasma triglyceride in hwangryun treatment groups showed the low values compared to the control group, and as the increased hwangryun, the concentration of triglyceride decreased. The concentration of plasma total cholesterol decreased in all hwangryun treatment groups. However the concentration of plasma HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol showed no significantly difference in all the treatment groups. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) concentration in plasma and liver showed low values in all hwangryun treatment groups compared to the control group. Glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activities showed no significantly difference in all the treatment groups. However catalase(CAT) activity showed a tendence to increase in hwangryun groups, and in 200mg/kg hwangryun treatment group showed significantly a high value than the control group. Summarizing the results above, hwangryun has the functional materials that lowering lipid and works with oxidative stress.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.743-752
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• 1999

The purpose of the paper is to explore the current knowledge on the nutritional evaluation, cholesterol-lowering effect and antitumor activity of kimchi and its ingredients(Korean cabbage, garlic, red pepper powder, ginger and onion). Kimchi contains high contents of nutrients such as vitamins(ascorbic acid, $\beta$-carotene and vitamin B complex), minerals(calcium, potassium, iron and phosphorous), essential amino acids and dietary fiber. Kimch also contains high levels of lactic acid bacteria, allicin, capsaicin, organic acid, phenol compounds, flavonoid and sulfur compounds. The dietary fiber and lactic acid bacteria isolated from kimchi are effective in improving intestinal microflora of human. Isoluble dietary fiber shows anticancer activity, but soluble dietary fiber shows hypocholesterolemic effect. Lactic acid bacteria isolated from kimchi acts as a hypocholesterolemic or anticancer agent. A major ingredient of kimchi is mainly cruciferous and allium family vegetables, which were also reported to prevent cancer and atherosclerosis. It is suggested that kimchi is important not only as one of the traditional fermented Korean food but also as therapeutic agent for carcinogenesis and hypercholesterolemic state.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.351-360
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• 2020

Previous studies have suggested that microbial fermentation is an attractive process to develop food products using seaweed. The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which are used as starters for seaweed fermentation. The isolation of LAB strains was conducted using kelp Saccharina japonica kimchi, a well-known fermented seaweed in southeastern Korea. Based on the assay of acid tolerance, bile tolerance and antioxidant activity, 15 strains of LAB were selected for further study. The LABs exhibited cholesterol lowering activity in the range of 15.50 to 94.77%. Among the LABs suitable for food production, Lactobacillus plantarum D-11 had the highest antioxidant and cholesterol lowering activities. This probiotic strain will be applied to develop various kelp fermentation products.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.200-205
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• 2000

Ethanol extract of Alpiniae Katsumadaii semen inhibited potently cholesterol esterase activity in vitro. Chloroform fraction of ethanol extract showed the stronger inhibitory effect than other solvent fractions-ethylacetate fraction, butanol fraction, and aqueous fraction. The chloroform frac ion of Alpiniae katsumadaii semen were studied as a candidator of plasma cholesterol lowering material in high cholesterol-fed rats. In high cholesterol-fed rats, the diet with chloroform fraction of 100 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg lowered not only plasma neutral lipids contents 25.9% and 26.5% but also plasma total cholesterol level 11.8% and 20.8%, respectively. Plasma HDL-cholesterol level and Atherogenic Index(AI) in Alpiniae chloroform fraction-fed rats were recovered as those level of normal rats.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.1505-1512
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• 2005

Bile salt deconjugation is the most biologically significant reaction among the bacterial alterations of bile acids in the gastrointestinal tract of human and animal. The responsible enzyme, bile salt hydrolase (BSH), catalyzes the hydrolysis of glycineand/or taurine-conjugated bile salts into amino acid residues and deconjugated bile acids. Herein we review current knowledge on the distribution of BSH activity among various microorganisms with respect to their biochemical and molecular characteristics. The proposed physiological impact of BSH activity on the host animal as well as on the BSH-producing bacterial cells is discussed. BSH activity of the probiotic strains is examined on the basis of BSH hypothesis, which was proposed to explain cholesterol-lowering effects of probiotics. Finally, the potential applications of BSH research are briefly discussed.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 2011

To investigate effects of Ixeris dentata EtOH ext. on lowering lipid levels and anti-oxidation activity, hyperlipidemic rats were treated with Ixeris dentata EtOH ext. and lipid levels and anti-oxdation activity were measured. The Ixeris dentata EtOH ext. groups showed low concentration of plasma FFA, plasma triglyceride, plasma total cholesterol, and plasma LDL-cholesterol compared to control group. However, concentration of plasma HDLcholesterol was not significantly different among all the treatment groups. The Ixeris dentata EtOH ext. groups showed lower level of liver total cholesterol, liver triglyceride, plasma TBARS, and liver TBARS than those of control group. The Ixeris dentata EtOH ext. groups also showed higher level of GSH-Px activity, SOD activity, and CAT activity than those of control group. Moreover, the Ext. showed lower level of TNF-${\alpha}$, Apo-B, Apo-E, and leptin expression than those of control group. The results in this study shows that the Ixeris dentata EtOH ext. have positive effect in lowering lipid level, and anti-oxidative activity.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.344-350
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• 1998

Lipid lowering properties from three plant water extracts, Rosa rugosa, Crataegus pinnatifida and Polygonum cuspidatum, were tested by supplementing a 1% high-cholesterol diet with them in rats. Plasma triglyceride levels in Rosa fugosa, Crataegus pinnatifida and Polygonum cuspidatum groups were significantly lower compared to that of the control. by 29% , 24% and 47% respectively. hepatic trigylceride levels in Rosa rugosa and Crataegus pinnatifida groups were significantly lower compared to the control by 11% and 15% respectively. Hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity in Rosa rugosa group was significantly greater compared to the control by 406%. Hepatic ACAT activity was significantly lower in Polygonum cuspidatum group compared to the control by 28%. by multiple regression results, only plasma cholesterol was associated significantly (p<0.05) with liver HMG-CoA reductase activity. Plasma cholesterol explained 12% of thevariance of the liver HMG-CoA redctase activity. In conclusion, we have showen that hot water extracts from Rosa rugosa, Crataegus pinnatifida and Polygonum cuspidatum lowered plasma triglycerides in rats fed on a high-cholesterol diet. Data suggests that these extracts could potentially prevent or treat hypertriglyceridemia induced by a high fat diet and fatty liver.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.710-714
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• 2006

The present study examined the lipid lowering and antioxidant activity of Paecilomyces tenuipes. Eight week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed one of the three diets, a reference diet without cholesterol addition (NC), a high fat (17 g/ 100 g)-high cholesterol (1 g/100 g) diet (HC) and a HC diet supplemented with 3% P. tenuipes (PT) for 30 days. Total lipid and total cholesterol were reduced significantly by 33 and 37%, respectively, in the PT diet group compared with controls. A similar reduction was found for low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, while plasma high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) concentrations were not significantly different among groups. Hepatic total lipid and total cholesterol levels, but not hepatic TG levels, were significantly decreased in the PT group compared to the HC group. The administration of P. tenuipes increased the plasma total antioxidant potential and decreased the levels of lipid peroxidation. These results suggest that P. tenuipes exerts significant health benefits through the modulation of physiological functions including a variety of atherogenic lipid profiles and antioxidants in hypercholesterolemia.

• BMB Reports
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• v.45 no.10
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• pp.565-570
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• 2012

We recently reported that a water extract of laurel or turmeric, 1,8-cineole enriched fractions, showed hypolipidemic activity in the zebrafish model. Therefore, the present study investigated the cineole's anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in lipoprotein metabolism in vitro and in vivo. Cineole had inhibitory effects on cupric ion-mediated oxidation of lipoproteins in general, while simultaneously enhancing ferric ion removal ability in high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Hypercholesterolemia was induced in zebrafish using cholesterol-feeding treatment, 4% cholesterol, for 3 weeks. After feeding with or without the addition of cineole, the results revealed that cineole possessed lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory activities in hypercholesterolemic zebrafish. In addition, serum amyloid A and interleukin-6 levels were lowered and lipid accumulation was decreased in the liver. Conclusively, 1,8-cineole was found to have anti-oxidant activities in lipoprotein metabolism both in vitro and in vivo with simultaneous reduction of lipid accumulation in the liver of zebrafish.