The purpose of this study is to find influencing factors on attitude toward marriage of undergraduate with institutional care background. Intimate romantic relationship is one of developmental tasks of emerging adulthood. And attitude towards marriage is connected with intimate, romantic relationship. This study has focus on attitude towards marriage out of marriage issues. The method of this study is the survey on 214 undergraduates who have lived in institution for children over two years. The results of the findings are as follows. First, they are favorably inclined towards marriage. Second, gender, financial conditions, ego-identity exercise a significant effect on attitude towards marriage. Subcategory of ego-identity that affects attitude towards marriage the most is self-receptiveness. Implication and limitation of this study are discussed finally.
Kim, Rockli;Choi, Narshil;Subramanian, S.V.;Oh, Juhwan
Perspectives in Nursing Science
/
v.15
no.2
/
pp.49-69
/
2018
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to derive contextual indicators of medical provider quality and assess their relative importance along with the individual utilization of antenatal care (ANC) and institutional births with a skilled birth attendant (SBA) in India using a multilevel framework. Methods: The 2015~2016 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) from India was used to assess the outcomes of neonatal, infant, and under-five child mortality. The final analytic sample included 182,980 children across 28,283 communities, 640 districts, and 36 states and union territories. The contextual indicators of medical provider quality for districts and states were derived from the individual-level number of ANC visits (<4 or ${\geq}4$) and institutional delivery with SBA. A series of random effects logistic regression models were estimated with a stepwise addition of predictor variables. Results: About half of the mothers (47.3%) had attended ${\geq}4$ ANC visits and 75.8% delivered in institutional settings with SBAs. Based on ANC visits, 276~281 districts (43.1~43.9%) and 13~16 states (36.5~44.4%) were classified as "low" quality areas, whereas 268~285 districts (41.9~44.5%) and 8~9 states (22.2~25.0%) were classified as "low" quality areas based on institutional delivery with SBAs. Conditional on a comprehensive set of covariates, the individual use of both ANC and SBA were significantly associated with all mortality outcomes (OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.26, and OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.19, respectively, for under-five child mortality) and remained robust even after adjusting for contextual indicators of medical provider quality. Districts and states with low quality were associated with 57~61% and 27~43% higher odds of under-five child mortality, respectively. Conclusion: When simultaneously considered, district- and state-level provider quality mattered more than individual access to care for all mortality outcomes in India. Further investigations are needed to assess the importance of improving the quality of health service delivery at higher levels to prevent unnecessary child deaths in developing countries.
Citak, Ebru Akgun;Toruner, Ebru Kilicarslan;Gunes, Nebahat Bora
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
/
v.14
no.9
/
pp.5477-5482
/
2013
Background: Communication plays an important role for the well being of patients, families and also health care professionals in cancer care. Conversely, ineffective communication may cause depression, increased anxiety, hopelessness and decreased of quality life for patients, families and also nurses. Objective: This study aimed to explore communication difficulties of pediatric hematology/oncology nurses with patients and their families, as well as their suggestions about communication difficulties. Materials and Methods: It was conducted in a pediatric hematology/oncology hospital in Ankara, Turkey. Qualitative data were collected by focus groups, with 21 pediatric hematology/oncology nursing staff from three groups. Content analysis was used for data analysis. Results: Findings were grouped in three main categories. The first category concerned communication difficulties, assessing problems in responding to questions, ineffective communication and conflicts with the patient's families. The second was about the effects of communication difficulties on nurses and the last main category involved suggestions for empowering nurses with communication difficulties, the theme being related to institutional issues. Conclusions: Nurses experience communication difficulties with children and their families during long hospital stays. Communication difficulties particularly increase during crisis periods, like at the time of first diagnosis, relapse, the terminal stage or on days with special meaning such as holidays. The results obtained indicate that pediatric nurses and the child/family need to be supported, especially during crisis periods. Feeling of empowerment in communication will improve the quality of care by reducing the feelings of exhaustion and incompetence in nurses.
Objective: This study examined the how childcare teachers' happiness and self-leadership influences on respect for young children's rights. Methods: For this purpose, 350 childcare teachers in G city were surveyed. Data of 291 copies as final research subjects were analyzed through one-way ANOVA and hierarchical regression analysis. Results: First, external and self-regulating happiness sub-factors of happiness, differed according to the academic background. Behavioral and cognitive strategies, the sub-factors of self-leadership, differed according to the academic background and career. The right to life, right to protection, development rights, and participation rights, which are sub-factors of respect for young children's rights, differed according to the academic background and career, and the development rights differed depending on the type of childcare center. Second, there was a significant positive correlation among the happiness, self-leadership and respect for young children's rights. Third, the happiness and self-leadership of childcare teachers have a significant effect on the respect of young children's rights. Conclusion/Implications: This study is to confirm the necessity of efforts for institutional and educational measures to promote the happiness and self-leadership of childcare teachers as part of efforts to raise childcare teachers who are highly aware of the need to respect young children's rights.
Care of people with severe disabilities requires care throughout their life cycle compared to non-disabled families. For this reason, carers of severely handicapped families are highly likely to have negative feelings throughout the family as well as daily stress. Disabled families also have a high rate of experiencing difficulties between non-disabled children or married couples in life centered on the disabled. In particular, the rapid aging in Korea affects the lives of the elderly disabilities along with the aging of the caregivers. The study explored alternatives to realistic support through the past and present experiences of caregivers with disabilities through qualitative research methods, and derived hopes and expectations for the future as follows.First, after confirming the disability for infants and toddlers with disabilities, information about the support system or system is provided from the rating agency. Second, providing "customized care support" suitable for the type of disability or individual characteristics at the social, political, institutional, and economic levels. Third, the provision of programs for non-disabled children and the provision of healing programs only for families with disabilities or those with disabilities. Fourth, the provision of spaces and programs that provide rest and rest for adults with disabilities. Fifth, the application of a long-term care system for the elderly reflecting the aging age of the disabled and institutionalization of community care for the disabled. The research is meaningful in that it presents discussion points for improving the quality of life of adults and the elderly with disabilities.
Lee, So Hee;Kwack, Young Sook;Joung, Yoo-Sook;Lee, Soyoung Irene;Kim, Bongseog;Sohn, Seok Han;Chung, Un-Sun;Yang, Jaewon;Bhang, Soo-Young;Hwang, Jun-Won;Hong, Minha;Lee, Yeon Jung;Bahn, Geon Ho
Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
/
v.25
no.1
/
pp.1-5
/
2014
In order to resolve the decline in population due to low birthrates, the South Korean government is expanding its free child care policies with an increased budget. In anticipating the effects and problems of our system, it will be worthy of attention to refer to the child care systems of other countries. In this paper, we reviewed the past and present policies and the current situation of the child care system in North Korea. North Korea started its free child care system earlier than that of South Korea, for the purpose of utilizing the women's labor force and rearing children to be revolutionary men of Juche type (Kimilsungism), in order to construct a communistic society. 'Child Care Education Law', which is the legal foundation of the child care system, regulates institutions for nursery schools and kindergarten and informs people that the country is responsible for support of child care. Despite their interest and progress in both quantity and quality in the child care system until the 1980s, the free child care system was partially disrupted, and discrepancies between ideology and actual situation were revealed due to economic difficulties from the 1990s. Because people's survival and physical health have been threatened, it is barely possible to find any study investigating the effect of institutional child care from early childhood and the instillation of unique ideology by group education from the preschool period on mental health.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine teachers' safety education activities to determine the significant educational diagnosis variables and to identify their needs of safety education in early-child care centers based on the PRECEDE model. Methods: A total of 304 teachers in early-child care centers participated in this study selected by a multi-stage stratified sampling method considering 11 regions in Seoul, Korea. Self-report type questionnaires were posted to all teachers in 220 early-child care centers by ground mailing service and the 304 teachers completed the questionnaires. The participants' responses were anonymously coded into and analyzed in SPSS program. Results: 'Scratch or bite' was the most frequent accident type(78.3%) and the frequent accident places were 'classroom(88.8%)' and 'playground(67.8%)'. The most frequently conducted safety education activities were 'reminding children their safe behaviors at the beginning and the end of daily class' and the next was 'saving a special time for safety education.' For educational diagnosis factors, related to safety education activities, teachers' safety education activity was more frequent when teachers' safety knowledge was high(p<.001), when teachers had good application skills of their knowledge to their teaching activities(p<.001), when they had strong needs on safety training opportunities(p<.05), and their interests on safety education(p<.001). For enabling factors, class preparation by safety education guide-book review(p<.001), by development of educational materials(p<.001), and by search for the related reference (p<.001), and by participation to safety education training programs for teachers(p<.01) were the significant enabling factors on teachers' safety class activities. For the reinforcing factors, the center-wide support of safety education brochures to children (p<.001), the concerns of centers utilizing safety education specialists(p<.001), and the concerns about safety information collection out of centers(p<.001) were significant factors related with teachers' safety education activities. Conclusions: The significant educational and institutional factors on teachers' safety education activities were teachers' concerns on safety education, their interests on safety knowledge, and the strong concerns on child safety education from the centers.
Cho, Kyung Uk;Choe, Byung-In;Kim, Hwi Yool;Han, Jin Soo;Kim, Jin Suk
Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
/
v.49
no.1
/
pp.91-99
/
2009
The concept about zoo is changing from the animal exhibition which simply contained the animals to the ecological zoo which has the function of preserving the animal species. At the central point of maintaining such role, the basic principle called the animal welfare lies obviously. Korea has applied the animal welfare principles such as carrying out the enrichment in the zoos since 2003, but there has not been any institutional device to evaluate and examine the application of the animal welfare so far. This study aims to confirm the level of animal welfare in Korea and suggest a developmental direction. For the purpose of the study, 12 zoos in Korea were evaluated according to 68 evaluating categories. 'Five Principles of Animal Welfare' in the Secretary of State's Standards of Modern Zoo Practice were selected and carried out as the evaluation categories, and the result, from the highest to lowest score given, was 'provision of food and water', 'provision of protection from fear and distress', 'provision of health care', 'provision of an opportunity to express most normal behaviours', and 'provision of a suitable enrichment' with the overall score of the entire Korean zoos being 2.86 (${\pm}$ 0.56). It was also confirmed that in order to improve the animal welfare of the Korean zoos, the animal management system must be standardized and organized. The evaluation and feedback, the active practice of animal welfare and its legislative support should be provided to establish an effective institutional device as well.
This study reviews recent trends of laws and evaluation criteria of heath, nutrition, and safety in child care centers, and addresses future research directions on them. To this end, we analyzed Child Care Laws, Child Care Acts, Child Care Program Accreditation Standards and Criteria, as well as master's theses, doctoral dissertations and journals that have been published on these issues since 1991. Through a comprehensive and critical review, we revealed three following findings in terms of child heath, nutrition, and safety. First, it is necessary to strengthen regulations for all children's heath, nutrition, and safety, or to discuss measures corresponding to those regulations to provide the best possible care to every child. Second, a careful examination of accreditation standards on health, nutrition and safety found that, although specific actions and criteria on these issues were already prepared, their implementation is not mandatory and the quality of provided health, nutrition and safety is not properly guaranteed. This finding shows that what is still necessary is to devise effective plans for handling institutional frameworks and processes of child care program accreditation standards. Third, among the three categories of health, nutrition, and safety, the topics on safety were found to be studied most frequently, whereas the other two topics were considered much less. It thus indicates that more research on health and nutrition are necessary.
Objectives: This study was conducted to identify health-promoting behaviors and related factors by type of residence between two groups of college students: those who live in dormitories and those who commute from home. Methods: We used the data from 2,287 students (870 male, 1417 female) from 14 colleges in Daegu and Kyungpook areas and compared health-promoting practice scores, general characteristics, health environment, and parental support. Multiple regression analysis was performed with health-promoting practice scores as a dependent variable. Results: Dormitory residents presented significantly lower health-promoting practice scores than commuters in both gender. Multiple regression analysis showed that the factors associated with health-promoting behaviors were health environment (p<0.05) and parental influence/support (p<0.01) for male dormitory residents. For female dormitory residents interest in health(p<0.05), stress(p<0.05), and parental influence/support(p<0.01) were associated. Conclusions: Systematic development of health education programs would be needed for the practice of health promotion behavior of college dormitory students with the help of environmental and institutional support. We suggest a program for stress management, smoking, health behavior, and alcohol and a parental program to increase contact with their children for a positive parental influence and support.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.