• 아동학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.87-102
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• 2013

This study examined the effects of paternal participation in child care and social support on planning for a second childbirth, focusing on the mediating effect of the mother's parenting stress. The 887 subjects studied in this paper were mothers who have a first child, and were selected from a sample of the 2nd Panel Study of Korean Children(PSKC) by the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education(KICCE), conducted in 2009. Data was analyzed using a Structural Equation Model(SEM) to identify a structure and relationships among factors. The significance of indirect effects to test the mediating effect of maternal parenting stress was identified via bootstrapping. Results indicated that maternal parenting stress partially mediated the relationship between the father's participation in child care and planning for a second childbirth, and absolutely mediated the relationship between social support and planning for a second childbirth. The findings reveal the importance of reducing parenting stress, given its substantial impact on planning for a second childbirth.

• 한국농촌간호학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.104-115
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• 2008

Purpose: A study of the family planning and Maternal-Child Health Services that disciplined itself in primary health care post form 1980 to 2009. Method: Investigation studies family planning in primary health care post and a change process of a Maternal-Child Health Services into case by case until 2009 from 1980. Results: Our country family planning business began at economic development dimensions in order to solve a poverty issue. This business goal were childbirth decrease of pregnancy possibility couple aged 19~49 and improve to mother and child health. For this goal, all kinds of health education included sex education and contraception education, contraception service, comprehensive maternal and child health service that management of front and back of childbirth etc. are provided. According to fail down a birthrate from 6.0(1962) to 1.25(2009), the nation reached to a dilemma called childbirth encouragement policy. Conclusions: Decrease of labor supply by low birthrate, decrease numerical an employed person by aging was brought a labor shortage and decrease of productivity of labor of industrial manpower. Deterioration phenomenon of financial income and expenditure by consumption and investment contraction caused decrease of slowdown of economic growth and potential growth rate, and a social cost burden is increased by deterioration financial old man support burden increase by this and pensions and health insurance, a sharp increase of social welfare cost etc. Now, in order to solve a low birth issue, the government establishes a whole nation forwarding system and establishes basic plan social low birth and advanced age, and to prepare for childbirth fault factors removal and advanced age society shall endeavor.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.357-367
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• 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study is to identify factors of Korean female workers' childbirth plans and to establish measures to improve the childbirth plan. Methods: Study subjects were selected part in the 1st, 3rd, and 5th year surveys of the Korean Longitudinal Panel Survey of Women and Families. The selection criteria were as follows: women who had a spouse; were salaried workers currently employed for the last one month; belonged to a childbearing age; and had less than 3 children. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate factors associated with childbirth plans. Results: Childbirth plans by female workers decreased each year. The analysis of associated factors revealed that age, number of children were associated factors in all years. In addition, education, satisfaction about dividing household chores with the husband, and satisfaction about working environment were associated with the lack of planning for childbirth in female workers in the 1st survey year. Satisfaction about dividing household chores with the husband, family-work conflict, and satisfaction about the potential for personal development were associated factors in the 3rd survey year. Finally, family-work conflict, satisfaction about employment stability, and satisfaction about job task at work were associated factors in the 5th survey year. Conclusion: It is important to know the measures focusing on the lack of planning for childbirth, and hence these factors can be improved by assessing in general, family, and occupational characteristics. Additionally, employer policies regarding women employees who are pregnant or have children at home need to be reviewed.

• 지적과 국토정보
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.151-168
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• 2021

본 연구는 수도권과 비수도권의 가계지출 부담이 기혼여성의 출산 의사에 미치는 영향을 패널로짓 모형을 이용해 비교분석하였다. 실증분석의 핵심 대상인 기혼여성의 범위는 가임 가능성이 높은 25세부터 39세까지로 한정하였다. 주요 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 거주 지역과는 관계없이 대체로 배우자의 경제력이 기혼여성의 출산 의사에 있어 중요한 요인일 수 있다는 점을 확인하였다. 둘째, 결혼생활 만족도는 높을수록 출산 의사에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있었으며, 자녀가 반드시 있어야 한다는 가치관이 있을수록 출산 의사가 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 가계지출 부담은 기존 자녀 수와 같은 내부요인을 제외하고 기혼여성의 출산 의사에 있어 가장 중요한 영향을 미치는 요인임을 확인하였다. 특히 수도권과 비수도권 모두 교육비 지출에 대한 부담은 출산 의사를 큰 폭으로 감소시키는 핵심 원인으로 나타났다. 넷째, 가계지출 부담은 거주 지역에 따라 출산 의사에 상이한 영향을 보이는 것으로 나타났는데, 수도권은 의료비 및 원리금 대출이, 비수도권은 교통통신비가 출산 의사에 더 큰 영향을 미치고 있었다. 이를 통해 본 연구는 출산 제고를 위해서는 가계지출에 대한 부담완화가 지속적으로 필요하며, 거주 지역에 따라 차별적인 정책접근이 요구된다는 시사점을 확인하였다.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.463-495
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to obtain a fundamental data for developing a policy concerning women and child rearing and a parent education program for young parents who are around their childbirth, a period crucially important both for the parents in terms of the role adjustment, career management, and family finance, and for the infants in terms of its physical and psychological well-being. The subjects were 509 mothers before and after childbirth currently living in the Metropolitan City of Daejeon. Data were obtained through questionnaires and interviews in two major areas of pregnancy-delivery-childcare and parent education. Data were analyzed using SAS, mostly through frequency analysis, percentiles, t-tests, and F-tests. Results of descriptive analyses were organized along the following areas and issues: Pregnancy(family planning, regular check-ups, difficulties, prenatal education, costs, etc.); delivery(type of delivery, delivery related experience, costs, clinic/medical institute of choice, worries/problems, help/supports, etc.); postpartum care(place, kinds of help and helper, costs, postpartum care facilities, etc.); childcare circumstances(place, carer, time schedules, childcare centers or facilities feeding and weaning, etc.); husband's attitudes and involvement in the overall process; working mothers(maternity leave, temporary retirement for child rearing, etc.); and, parent education(family planning, pregnancy, delivery, postpartum care, child rearing, areas or issues needing parent education, facilitative and hindering factors to ideal parenting, etc.). Differences between groups of pregnant mothers and postpartum mothers, working- and non-working mothers, groups of different income levels, mothers and fathers of different educational levels, mothers of first pregnancy(or childbirth) and experienced mothers were also analyzed. Several conclusions with suggestions were drawn in relation to the need for strong implementation as well as developing of policies on women and childcare and for developing a new parent education program for parents before and after childbirth.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2007

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate how willingness to have an additional childbirth was related to mother's general characteristics and various reasons for avoiding an additional childbirth. Methods: By using organized questionnaire, we had face-to-face interviews with 722 mothers who had 12 to 36 months child in a urban-rural area of Chungcheongnam-do from 14 February to 19 February in 2005. Questionnaires included general characteristics composed of age, monthly income, number of children, major carers and mother's job status, and 6 reasons for avoiding an additional childbirth. We performed chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: Of 722 mothers, 66.5% had no willingness to have an additional childbirth. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, old age of mother(95% CI of OR: 1.084-1.190), two or more children(95% CI of OR: 6.97-15.602) and weak norm about need for a child(95% CI of OR: 1.633-29.352) were independent related factors with willingness to have an additional childbirth. Conclusions: In our study, 2/3 women who already had children were appeared to have no willingness to have additional childbirth. Policies about family planning and controlling birth rate should be focused on eliminating barrier to additional childbirths.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.67-79
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• 2017

Purpose: This research aimed to study the awareness of marriage, childbirth, fertility and high-risk pregnancy among university students. Methods: 250 university students from Seoul and Gyeonggi-do completed questionnaires regarding their awareness on marriage, childbirth, fertility, and high-risk pregnancy. Results: The average age of participants was 22.5. The ideal marriage age was 29.8. 201 (80.4%) participants had an intention of getting married, and 160 (60.4%) answered they should have children. The ideal age of first childbirth was 30.4 and last childbirth was 35.1. There were 126 (50.4%) with prior education regarding high-risk pregnancy, subfertility or infertility. The score of needs for education associated with pregnancy was 7.6 out of 10. The average correct answer rate of awareness of fertility issues was 30.7%. There were significant differences between men and women, 25% of men and 38% of women overestimated the age at women are most fertile. Only 23.7% of men and 25.9% of women knew the correct age when there was marked decrease in women's fertility. Conclusion: Awareness of a lack of marriage, childbirth, fertility, and high-risk pregnancy may influence future family planning and health. These results can be used to plan programs or education for marriage, pregnancy, and childbirth.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.88-95
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• 2016

Purpose: Gestational weight gain and prepregnancy body weight are important factors of childbirth outcomes, which further cause obesity, metabolic diseases, or psychological problems later in women's lives. Changes in diet, westernized lifestyle, traditional postpartum care, and childbirth at older age are thought to be threats to proper weight management in Korean women of reproductive age. Public health and antenatal care need to focus on the proper body weight management of women by carefully planning pregnancy to postpartum periods. Purpose: This study explored the body weight changes from pregnancy to postpartum and the related characteristics in women within 12 months after childbirth. Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted with 102 Korean women within 12 months after childbirth. Data were collected using an online survey system, and a structured questionnaire available for electronic self-administration was modified to include demographics, obstetrical history, and body weight at 6 time points. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire and Eating Habit Measurement instruments were also used in data collection. A professional survey agency recruited the participants, and data were automatically saved and then analyzed. Results: The average age of the participants was 33.8 years, 48% were housewives and were well-educated. Seventy-two percent of the participants were primiparas and 82% had breastfed their babies. The body mass index (BMI) ranged from 17.3 to 27.8, indicating that 21.5% of the participants were overweight or obese. The mean gestational weight gain was 11.8 kg, and weight loss was apparent during the first 3 months postpartum. The mean decline in weight was 3.4 kg at one year after childbirth. Women wanted to lose 5.6 kg (range: 3~20 kg), however 44% of them reported that they had not engaged in any weight control efforts. Further, 72% of them reported having engaged in a low level of physical activity. Body weight was not associated with women's characteristics, physical activity score, and diet. Conclusion: Women's awareness of gestational weight gain, lifestyle modification, and the risk of prolonged weight retention should be promoted through the antenatal and women's healthcare systems. As pregnancy and childbirth are critical events that affect women's health, integrative education to ensure healthy transition to life after delivery is required.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.109-140
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• 2016

The primary objective of this study was to classify different family values and to examine how university students' perceptions of childbirth differ according to the types of family values. The sample for this study consisted of 601 university students living in the cities of Seoul, Incheon, and the Gyeonggi province. The data were collected using structured questionnaires distributed through an online survey. Descriptive statistics including frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviation and cluster analysis, One-Way ANOVA and $X^2$ test are applied to analyze the data. The major results of this study are as follows: 1. The values of the university students regarding marriage, children, and familism were used as parameters to categorize the different types of family values on the cluster analysis. The results of the cluster analysis showed that the university students' family values could be classified into three types; "family-centered values", "individual-centered values", and "familism children-centered value". 2. The family values of the university students differed according to each student's gender, age, religion, socioeconomic status, gender-role attitude, and relationships with his or her father and or mother. 3. On average, the number of children that the students would like to have in the future is higher than the number of children that they actually plan to have. 4. The students' perceptions of family planning and low birthrate circumstances differed according to their family values. The university students categorized as having "family-centered values" planned to have the highest number of children in the future and thought that the low birthrate was a very serious issue, whereas the students with "individual-centered values" planned to have the lowest the number of children in the future. 5. To conclude the study, recommendations were made for the government to improve the low birthrate and for facilitate further research regarding this issue.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.278-290
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• 2018

본 연구는 2007년부터 10년 동안 발표된 국내 학위논문과 학회지 논문 중 학술정보서비스(http://www.riss.kr)에서 결혼이주여성의 임신 출산에 관련된 연구(74편)를 대상으로 하였다. 연구동향 분석은 학문분야, 연구설계, 주요 주제 및 중재 연구에 사용된 결과 변수에 의해 분석되었다. 74편의 논문 중 학위논문은 28편(38.6%), 학회지는 46편(61.4%)으로 조사 되었으며, 이중 37편(50.0%)은 간호학에서 수행되었다. 양적 연구의 경우 45편(60.8%), 질적 연구가 29편(39.2%)으로 질적 연구가 상대적으로 더 적은 편이었고, 양적 연구 중 가장 많이 사용된 연구 설계는 서술적 연구가 22편(29.9%)으로 대부분을 차지하였다. 주요 개념은 간호의 패러다임인 간호, 환경, 건강, 인간 영역으로 분류하였고, 네 가지에 속하지 않은 것은 기타로 분류하여 분석하였다. 대부분의 연구 주제는 건강 영역인 사회 심리 측면이었으며, 다음은 인간 영역 순이었다. 8편의 중재 연구 분석에서 7편은 산욕기 결혼이주여성을 대상으로 하고 있었고, 나머지 1편은 산욕기 결혼이주여성과 신생아를 대상으로 하고 있었다. 가장 빈번하게 측정 된 결과 변수는 적응에 대한 중재에서 양육과 관련된 모성역할 수행자신감, 지지, 지식에 대한 내용이었다. 연구 유형별 연구 설계에서는 양적 연구가 질적 연구 보다 더 많은 비중을 차지하고 있었으며, 양적 연구에서도 실험연구 보다는 서술적 연구가 주를 이루고 있었다. 실험연구의 경우에서도 연구의 대상자가 임신과 출산을 경험한 결혼이주여성만을 대상으로 한 연구가 대부분을 차지하고 있었다. 이에 향후 연구에서는 결혼이주여성 뿐 아니라 그들의 가족을 포함한 새로운 간호중재프로그램을 개발하고 제공하는 것이 필요할 것이라 사료된다.