• 아동학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.159-168
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• 2016

Objective: This study investigated the age at which monolingual children can understand that different languages are different conventional systems of communication. In particular, we investigated when children can suspend using the mutual exclusivity (ME) assumption that a label solely refers to one category when interpreting novel words from foreign languages. Methods: Two-year-olds (n = 16) and 3-year-olds (n = 16) participated in the procedure, which consisted of three blocks. In the first block, a Korean speaker taught the children a novel word, muppi, referring to a novel object. The children were presented with two objects, muppi and another novel object. The Korean speaker then asked the children to find a referent of either muppi or the other novel Korean label, kkati. In the second block, a foreign language (either English or Spanish) speaker asked children to find the object for a foreign novel word, sefo, presenting two objects: muppi and the third novel object, which had not been presented before. The procedure of the third block was identical to that of the first block. Results: Three-year-olds exploited the ME assumption when interpreting a Korean novel word but not when interpreting a foreign novel word. In contrast, 2-year-old children did not use the ME assumption when interpreting native and foreign words. Conclusion: Children acquire an understanding that native and foreign languages have different words for an object at least by 3 years of age.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.262-273
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• 2009

An investigation was conducted to know a prospect of woody toy in Korea for physical, psychological and intellectual development. It was told that toys that stimulate cognitive development are appropriate for the child's capabilities, responsive to the child's movements, provide feedback when manipulated, and require imagination or fantasy. Toys particularly useful in the development of these abilities include dolls, figures, cuddly toys, puppets, costumes, and construction toys. Therefore, a toy is a wonderful object, indispensable to physical, psychological and intellectual development, both for those who have the capacity to integrate into society and for those who encounter difficulties. If we can replace a plastic toys by a environmental wooden toys, we can contribute to child development that is especially to promote creativity, artistic, problem-solving, language and social skills. In addition, we can support the ability of wood toy manufacturers to market their products in a responsible way and contribute to strengthen the competitiveness of our commodities on international markets.

• 아동학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.297-307
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• 2007

This study investigated relationships between engagement in joint attention and the early language development in infancy. Subjects were 12 infants and their mothers. At 20 and 25 months of age, each child's spontaneous natural speech during interaction with his/her caregiver was videotaped for about 30 minutes. The EJA(Episodes of joint attention) focus between mother and child were identified and coded by Tomasello and Todd's(1983) and Bakeman and Adamson's(1984) including person engagement, object engagement, looking engagement, passive joint attention, coordinated joint attention. Results showed that a significant difference in infant's language development between within and outside EJA at 20 and 25 months of age; that is, during periods of EJA children talked more inside than outside EJA.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.542-549
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• 2005

Impact sounds, such as those created by footsteps, the dropping of an object or the moving of furniture, can be a source of great annoyance In residential buildings. Running and jumping impact sound by child are one of the most irritating noises in an apartment buildings. It's necessary to know that the impact power characteristics of real impact source in an apartment buildings. This study aims to Investigate the impact power characteristics and impact power time of running and jumping by child. This study carried out investigation through the 159 children in school. The results of this study is that jumping impact power is greater than running impact power.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.265-268
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• 2004

Impact sounds, such as those created by footsteps, the dropping of an object or the moving of furniture, can be a source of great annoyance in residential buildings. Running and jumping impact sound by child are one of the most irritating noises in an apartment buildings. It's necessary to know that the impact force characteristics of real impact source in an apartment buildings. This study aims to investigate the impact force characteristics and impact force time of running and jumping by child. This study cud out investigation through the 155 children in school. The results of this study is that jumping impact force is greater than running impact force but impact force time is lower than that.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.453-463
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• 2008

미아문제는 아이를 가진 모든 부모들이 고민해야 되는 사회적 문제가 되고 있다. 이러한 문제는 아이에 국한되지 않고 치매노인, 정신장애자 등 노약자의 경우에 있어서도 보호자가 없을 시에 동일한 문제를 안고 있다. 이러한 사회적 공공부문의 문제들은 시급히 개선해야 할 필요가 있으며, 세계적으로도 미아방지 문제는 관심이 높아지고 있는 분야로서 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구는 USN 기반 RFID와 통신망(유선망, 이동통신망, 유/무선 인터넷, 휴대인터넷 등) 기술을 융합하여 보호대상 이동체의 위치를 실시간으로 정확하게 확인할 수 있는 이동체 위치확인 서비스 시스템 및 그 방법에 대한 연구이다. 미아 관련 범죄를 예방하기 위해서는 보호 대상체(어린이, 노인, 정신장애자, 애완동물, 상품, 미술품, 그 외 보호 대상자 및 대상물품)의 정확한 위치 추적을 통한 실시간 모니터링이 필요하다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 미아방지 서비스 시스템은 정확한 위치 추적 기술을 통해 그 실효성을 높일 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다. 구체적으로 RFID 시스템 적용방안, 시설물 선정 및 설치방법, 위치추적 방법, 서비스 솔루션 수행과정을 중심으로 기술하였다. 제안하는 방법은 테스트베드를 통한 실험을 통해 활용가능성을 검증하였다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.786-794
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• 2002

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate how adolescents' behavior is correlated with child abuse they experience, and how childrearing attitude of mothers perceived by the adolescents is correlated with child abuse experience by the adolescents. Method: A convenient sampling strategy was used. A total of 160 adolescents participated in this study. Of the 160 responses, 116 were used for final analysis. The data were analyzed using K-YSR program and SPSSWIN. Result: The results were as follows. Mild child abuse experiences reported by the subjects were Throwing the object at me (12.9%, N = 15), Clutching and pushing (12.9%, N = 15), and Slapping on the cheek (14.7%, N = 17)'. Severe child abuse experiences reported by the subjects were Kicking, pounding and biting (10.3%, N = 10), Rod, stick, belt, broom beating using various objects (41.4%, N = 38), and Beating all over the body (6.7%, N = 8). Very severe child abuse experiences reported by the subjects were Burning with cigarette (0.4%, N = 1), Threatening me with objects such as a knife, a hammer, an axe, or a gimlet (0.8%, N = 2). Injuring me with the objects (0.4%, N = 1), and Hospitalized by belting (0.4%, N = 1). In terms of correlations among the main study variables, physical child abuse had significant positive correlations with externalizing problem (r=.271, p=.001) and total behavioral problem (r=.288, p=.002). Physical child abuse also had a significant positive correlation with authoritarian childrearing attitude of mother (r=.363, p=.000). Physical child abuse had significant negative correlations with mothers affectionate childrearing attitude (r=-.191, p=.050) and active participative childrearing attitude (r=-.101, p=.035). Conclusion: Mothers childrearing attitude is a salient factor for preventing child abuse. In addition, child abuse is an important factor for preventing adolescent's behavioral problem.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1069-1082
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to examine how integrative art therapy affected the interaction of children with developmental disorder with their mothers from the viewpoint of object-relation theory that accentuated mother role for the promotion of mother-child interaction, and based on earlier studies on mother-child interaction and the interaction of children with developmental disorder with their mothers. The subjects in this study are five selected children and their mothers who used B and G social welfare agencies in Gyeonggi province. They are at the age of five and six in Western age, and have difficulties interacting with their parents. When a social maturity test is conducted, their social age ranged from 2.1 to 3.9, and as Portage Test is implemented, their developmental levels of sociability, cognition and language were identical to those of younger children who were at the age of one to 3.5. The major findings of the study are as follows. First, the children who suffered from developmental disorder and participated in this study showed a positive change in their interaction with their mothers. Second, as for connections between each session and mother-child interaction, most of them came to interact with their mothers better as the program came to an end.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.137-142
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• 2015

SR DEVS 모델링에 의한 객체 상속은 일부 자산에 대한 숨겨진 상속이 가능하다. 부모 객체로부터 넘겨받은 자산에 대해 자식 객체는 넘겨받은 자산의 일부 혹은 전부를 각각의 지정된 함수에 의해 수행할 수도 수행하지 않을 수도 있다. 자산 수행에 대한 숨겨진 상속은 자식 객체가 해당 자산에 대해 자원은 보유하고 있더라도 그것에 대한 수행은 하지 않는 것이다. 상속된 자산은 자식 객체의 자산 수행 전체에 나타나지 않을 수도 있으며, 특정한 시스템 상태에 따라 자산 수행을 할 수 있다. 여기서 자산 수행 전체라 함은 자식 객체가 생성되어 소멸될 때까지의 시간적 요소도 포함된다. 본 논문에서는 부모 객체로부터 상속받은 자산에 대해 숨겨진 상속 결정에 대한 확률 방안을 기술한다. 결정확률 함수에 의해 상속 자산이 숨겨진 상속이 될지 정상 상속이 될지 결정되는 것이다.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.23-31
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• 2022

Traffic safety issues have recently been seriously magnified, due to child deaths in apartment complexes and parking lots. Accordingly, traffic safety technologies are being developed to recognize dangerous situations on living roads and to provide warning services. In this study, a collision detection algorithm was developed to prevent collision accidents between moving objects, by using object type and location information provided from CCTV monitoring devices. To determine the exact collision between moving objects, an object movement model was developed to predict the range of movement by considering the moving characteristics of the object, and a collision detection algorithm was developed to efficiently analyze the presence and location of the collision. The developed object movement model as well as the collision detection algorithm were simulated, in a virtual space of an actual living road to verify performance and derive supplementary matters.