• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.111-124
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is first to examine the tendency in what kinds of activities are carried out as family rituals; what kinds of obstacles there are; and why any problems, if any, tend to arise. Second, the study seeks to discern the relationship between family rituals and wives' marital satisfaction. For this purpose, the study surveyed 251 wives who had fourth, fifth, or sixth grade children and resided in Busan, and then analyzed the data obtained from the survey. The major findings of this study can be summarized as follows: (1) Regarding the dinner ritual, it turned out that a majority of subjects had a difficult time establishing a regular ritual due to 'their busy schedule at work' and 'children's studying at academies'. For the weekend leisure ritual, in the case of difficulty in spending this kind of time it tended to be because of the wives' 'busy schedules at work' and 'lack of mutually available time for all family members'. In birthday rituals, when wives reported having trouble with her family members regarding birthdays, they explained that this was most often' because family members forget their birthday'. Finally, when the subjects reported problems related to tradition rituals, it was mainly because of 'stress from the burden of housework (2) In every dimensions including occurrence, routine, deliberateness, attendance, affect, and symbolic significance, the top-ranked group showed a high degree of satisfaction in their marriage.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.139-153
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• 2009

This study examined the conspicuous consumption and consumption tendencies of the adolescent consumer and also identified factors that influence the adolescent consumer's conspicuous consumption and consumption tendencies. The data were obtained from a questionnaire completed by high school students(N=679), and were analyzed by ANOVA, and multiple regression analyses. The findings of this study are as follows: First, both the consumption tendencies and the conspicuous consumption of adolescent consumers were above average. Second, the consumption tendencies of adolescent consumers were related to the allowances they received. In particular, the consumption tendencies of adolescent consumers who spent allowances of more than won 20,0000 were higher than those of the other groups. In addition, the propensity for conspicuous consumption was related to the education level of parents, the parents' income, and the amount of the adolescent's allowance. Conspicuous consumption was shown to be higher when the parent's had graduate or postgraduate school degrees than when the parents were high school graduates. Although higher income was related to the propensity for conspicuous consumption, adolescent consumers who spent won 10,0000-20,0000 were more likely to exhibit conspicuous consumption than those who spend over won 20,0000. Third, the variables that had the most influences on consumption tendencies were commercials watched and the adolescent's group of friends, while the most effective variables that had the most influence on conspicuous consumption were consumption tendencies and consumer education level.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.195-206
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• 2009

The main purpose of this study was to examine the effects of maternal achievement pressure and emotional support on adolescents' achievement motivation. A total of 241 adolescents in the second grade of two middle schools in Seoul and their mothers participated in the study, and completed questionnaires on mothers' achievement pressure and emotional support. Adolescents also answered a questionnaire on achievement motivation. Sohn's(1997) Achievement Pressure Scale, Sung's(1993) Social Support Scale and Hermans'(1970) Prestatie Motivatie Scale were used for this survey. Data were analyzed by Pearson's correlation coefficients, t-tests, regressions, and one-way ANOVA with Duncan's multiple range tests. Results showed that maternal achievement pressure and emotional support and adolescents' achievement motivation did not vary as a function of sex. Maternal achievement pressure and emotional support had positive effects on achievement motivation of adolescents, and maternal achievement pressure played a more influential role on the motivation of adolescents than emotional support. Among four groups divided by the level of maternal achievement pressure and emotional support, high/high, high/low, low/high, and low/low, adolescents in the high/high group were perceived to have the highest achievement motivation. Findings suggest that both maternal achievement pressure and emotional support are important in improving adolescents' achievement motivation.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.639-649
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• 2014

The main purpose of this study was to find the relationship between the delinquency-onset time in the source and the continuity of delinquency. In order to achieve this objective, we divided 350 first-year high school students into three groups early-onset type, late-onset type, and non-delinquent adolescents on the basis of the delinquency onset. The results of this study were as follow: (1) for the boys, the early-onset type shows a higher continuity of delinquency than both the late-onset type and the general adolescents. On the other hand, for the girls, the early-onset type shows a higher continuity of delinquency than the late-onset type, but there was no difference in the persistence duration between the late-onset type and the non-delinquent adolescents. (2) For the boys, the examination reveals that the early-onset type has a higher degree of sensation seeking and impulsivity than the general adolescents. In addition, the early-onset type shows a higher degree of sensation seeking than the late-onset type, whereas the two show no difference in impulsivity. For the girls, sensation seeking did not show any difference depending on the delinquency onset. However, more impulsivity appeared in the early-onset type than in the late-onset type or the non-delinquent adolescents. (3) The relative priorities of variables determining the group to which the students belong on the basis of the delinquency onset are in the order of sensation seeking and juvenile impulsivity. Therefore, this study, suggests that the early-onset type requires a different kind of intervention than the late-onset type.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.73-87
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of children's socia-demographic variables(i.e., gender, birth order, and the amount of time staying in kindergarten) on, leadership, self-regulation and children's peer play behaviors. The participants of this study are 336 children aged between five and seven in four classes in a private kindergarten and eight classes in a private preschool located in the capital region. The results revealed that, girls showed more leadership, self-regulation, and play interaction section than boys: whereas, boys showed higher response in play disruption and the lack of play disconnection. However, birth order, did not have a significant effect on the sub-domain of leadership, self-regulation competence, and peer play behaviors. As for the duration children stay in preschool or in preschool or kindergarten, children who spend half-day showed higher reaction in behavioral self-control and emotional taking abilities than children who stay in the preschool or kindergarten full day. On the other hand, self-esteem of full-time children was higher than half-time children. Children who were emotionally sensitive, knew how to lead their peer group, and those who were sociable and self-regulated presented to be more active in peer-interaction than others. Second, as the result of the correlation analysis reveals, children's leadership, self-regulation competence, peer play behaviors, and play interaction had a meaningful effect on the sub-variations of children's leadership and self-regulation and they showed significant influence upon play disruption and play disconnection. In addition, girls who were not able to manage or to inspect their behavior and had insensitive emotion demonstrated higher tendency to play disconnected. Children, who participated in full-day program with having difficulties in self-regulation or inspecting their behavior properly but had a strong leadership and insensitive showed play disruption highly.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.87-103
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• 2020

This study discusses the institutional change of Chinese early childhood education quality assurance institution (ECEQAI) from the three dimensions of the perspective of historical institutionalism of that refer to the external environment, dynamic mechanism containing with nation-market-society, and the invisible ideology of the institutional change. Chinese ECEQAI was divided into five historical periods, which were 17 years after the founding of China (1949-1966), the Great Cultural Revolution (GCR) period (1966-1976), the early stage of Reform and Opening-up (RO) (1976-1995), the social change period (1995-2010) and the new period (2010-now). This study also concludes five separate change models for Chinese ECEQAI that correspond to the five periods. The first was a compulsory and gradual institutional change model influenced by the Soviet model and dominated by national power. The second was compulsory and radical change model controlled by the counter-revolutionary group. The third was a compulsory and gradual institutional change model dominated by national power. The fourth was induced and gradual^① institutional change model driven by market power and forced by society power. The fifth was a compulsory and gradual institutional change model led by national power and forced by society power. Finally, the future change direction of China's ECEQAI was further pointed out, that was the government-leading and tend to balanced three-pole power model of "Nation-Market-Society", as well as the "three-pole power relationship" of indepth communication and positive interaction.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.17-35
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to develope Premarial Sexual Education Program. This program was based on survey(466 data used) for the need of PSEP. The result were as followings: 1. The need of sex education was higher(92.9%) and the participation of this PSEP was 80.4%, so this program was systemic structure. 2. Their premarital sexual values were more permissive(52.2%) than the past. But women thought tha female would be vergin(27.1%) their inter course experience rate was 33.4% and Age of experience was under 23 year olds. 3. The unmarried persns wanted that PSEP was consisted of 10 sub themes : (1) pregnancy and child-birth(mean=4.4/5) (2) contraception and family planning(m=4.3) (3) sexual morality and sexual value(m=4.2) (4) sexual healthy family (m=4.1) (5) sexual open communication(m=4.1) (6) venereal disease and coping stratiges(m=4.0) (7) sex role learning(m=3.9) (8) sexual physiology(m=3.8) (9) premarital sex and unwed mother(m=3.7) (10) adultery and society(m=3.6) 4. They want that group meeting would be every Wensday or Friday evening and the required time is two hours. The instruction methods are expected lecture, discussion or seminar and viewing video tapes. 5. So PSEP was consist of 10 sub-themes: (1) orientation and self-disclosure(test, lecture, game) (2) sexual physiology(video tape, lecture) (3) pregnancy and child birth(lecture, video tape) (4) contraceptive methods and family planning(lecture, video tape, test, discussion) (5) sex role learning(test, lecture, role-play) (6) venereal disease and coping stratiges(lecture, video tape) (7) premarital sex and incest(cause study, lecture) (8) sex morality and sex value(seminars, lecture) (9) sexual open communication(seminars) (10) sexual healthy family(lecture, seminars)

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.133-144
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• 2018

The study examined the longitudinal relations of preschool children's peer interaction, linguistic and cognitive abilities, and self-control, while taking into account gender differences. The study was conducted with 671 preschoolers from the $5^{th}$, $6^{th}$, and $7^{th}$ wave of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Study (KCYPS). Data were analyzed by means of basic descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlations, and structural equation modeling analysis. Bootstrapping method was also used to determine the significance of indirect effects. The analysis were conducted to find the longitudinal effects of peer interaction at the age of 4 on their self-control at the age of 6, and the mediating effects of linguistics and cognitive abilities at the age of 5 on its associations. The results indicated gender differences among the variables. According to multi-group analysis, there was a significant influence of 4 years' peer interaction on subsequent 5 years' linguistic and cognitive abilities but also on 6 years' self-control across time for boys; however, no significant direct effect of peer interaction on self-control was found for girls. Based on the findings of this study, it can be implied that it is necessary to apply different methods for boys and girls to promote self-control from the influence of peer interaction and linguistic and cognitive abilities.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.159-168
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to provide the basic data for developing a program for effective prevention for postpartum depression (PPD) by investigate the level of PPD in postpartum women. The subjects were 104 women. The data were collected from march, 2003 to June, using a 36 item questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS program for t-test, ANOVA, multiple regression. The results were as follow 1. The score of Postpartum depression was 44.1. The level of PPD according to General Characteristics was significantly difference according to home care need. 2. The level of PPD according to obstetrical characteristics was significantly differences according to postpartum complication(p<.05). depression in pregnancy(p<.01), baby's health state(p<.01). 3. The variables to predict postpartum depression in postpartum women are depression related to depression during pregnancy, complication after delivery, and a baby's condition. As the result of multiple regression analysis, variables bringing about postpartum discomfort were depression during pregnancy, complication after delivery, and a baby's condition, and this model showed the explanatory power at 28.8%. In conclusion, it is necessary to care mothers belonging to a risk group more concentrically by taking the factors causing postpartum depression into account, and to keep on studying repeatedly in order to raise the number of objects and to find related variables because this study has more or less limited objects not enough to generalize a bit. It is also necessary to study to make a program of arbitration in nursing of postpartum depression actually.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.115-121
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• 2016

This study verified the effect of parents' water-saving mind in adolescence on children's water-saving consciousness. The study results showed that parents' water-saving mind in adolescence positively affected one's water-saving consciousness(${\beta}=.627$, p<.001) and one's water-saving mind positively affected children's water-saving consciousness and intention to emphasize water saving for their children(p<.001). Also, education, occupation, type of residence, monthly water rate significantly affected the between-group differences of one's water-saving mind and women's water-saving mind were higher than men's. This study provided implications for confirming the effect of parents' water-saving education for child in home by verifying the effect of parents' water-saving mind in adolescence on children's water-saving consciousness.