• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.567-581
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• 2013

This study aimed to investigate fruit and vegetable consumption status of school children and adolescents and factors influencing their consumption from focus-group interviews with school nutrition teacher(s) and nutritionists. Most of all the evaluated fruit and vegetable intake levels of school children and adolescents was very low. They mentioned the intake of fruit and vegetable was similar between children and adolescents and boys tended to have less vegetable intake than girls. There was substantial difference in the serving frequencies of fruit between schools due to budgets. Fruit was consumed more than vegetables and fruit without seeds or peeled fruit was more preferred by children and adolescents. Factors affecting fruit and vegetable intake of children and adolescents were analysed by personal, family and school. Personal factors were gender, child development level, the lack of knowledge or perception on vegetables, westernized diet pattern and the preference of spicy foods. Family factors were the perception of parents, family meal environment, and income disparity. The factors related to schools were the principal, class teacher, friends, nutrition teacher, cooking and serving methods, cooking personals, budget and so on.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.31-60
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• 2002

Several aspects seen to be related to the phenomenon of having few female Olympians. This study focused on the gender stereotypic parental belief in female child's talent area and lack of parental nurturing behavior on female children in math and science. Other aspects such as females dislike of competition, lack of network, dislike of extraordinary achievement are also included for discussion. The find out how girls and boys became Olympians, 23 male Olympians and 4 female Olympians and their parents were surveyed with questionnaire, on the parental belief, encouragement, and nurturing behaviors. Two Olympians and two non-Olympians were also interviewed to find out what made them to continue to participate in Olympiad or give up Olympiad.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.51-59
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between violence damage experience and mental health of multicultural youths in Korea, and to use it as a basic data in developing mental health promotion interventions for multicultural youths. This study is a secondary data analysis based on the 2018 Youth Health Behavior Survey. Data analysis is based on IBM 25 ver. SPSS was used and logistic regression analysis was performed using complex samples. As a result of this study, factors affecting the mental health characteristics of multicultural youths in general are violent damage experience, gender, and subjective health. Suicide plans and suicide attempts were high. Although this study is a secondary data analysis study, it is difficult to grasp the school violence damage and mental health causality.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.73-87
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to investigate the economic deprivation of male-headed or female-headed households. Household having children under the age of 18 are categorized into three types according to the gender of household head: male-headed household, female-headed household, and dual-parents household. The findings from data, for this study came from the Korean Labor Panel Study in 2003. The analysis shows that the household's age, education, residence types, etc are key explanatory variables in determining whether to be in poverty. While the public income transfer is most effective in reducing poverty in female-headed households, the private income source is relatively more useful among male-headed families. Since single-household families are particularly at risk, public policy makers should pay special attentions to developing and expanding welfare-to-work programs which provides work incentives to overcome relative poverty and community networks on child care.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.12-27
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• 2020

Purpose: Bullying is a global problem, and various programs are under way to prevent it. The purpose of this study was to review school bullying interventions for Korean school-age children and adolescents. Methods: Online databases such as RISS, KISS, DBpia, NDSL and KMBASE were searched, identifying 32 intervention studies published from January 2009 to November 2018. Results: Thirty-two intervention studies were identified: 23 included school bullying prevention and 9 included school bullying treatment for victims or youth at high risk for bullying. The main purpose of preventive intervention was to decrease the bystander's attitude toward group bullying and treatment program was to improve the psychosocial adaptation of bullying victims. The school bullying interventions varied from group counseling, social skills training, art therapy, bibliotherapy using role-play, game & activities. Classroom environment variables and self-esteem, peer-related variables improved significantly after the school bullying prevention programs and school bullying treatment programs, respectively. Conclusion: There is potential for enhancing the outcomes of the behavioral, interpersonal psychological variable. Integrated interventions considering the individuality, gender and physical health of children and adolescents will also be needed. However, a rigorous study design is required to compensate for the methodological limitations.

• Journal of Family Relations
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.3-25
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Helicopter Parenting Scale (HPS) using a sample of Korean young adults aged 19-34. This study is to expand the previous validation studies that exclusively focused on college students. Method: The survey data came from 1,140 young adults (398 19-24 year olds, 376 25-29 year olds, and 366 30-34 year olds) who had never been married and had at least one living parent. The young adults' perceived helicopter parenting was assessed by 10 items of the HPS for the mother and the father separately. All of the analyses including exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted for three age groups (19-24, 25-29, and 30-34 years) and for the mother and the father separately. Results: We found that three items were problematic for all age groups and for both the fathers' and mothers' helicopter parenting. After removing these three items, confirmatory factor analyses showed that the one-factor model fit our data well and the estimated factor loadings were suitable. The results were consistent throughout the age groups and the parent's gender. We also confirmed criterion-related validity using correlations between paternal and maternal helicopter parenting and three dimensions of parental career expectations indicated a reliable. Conclusion: The Korean version of HPS with seven items was found to be a reliable and valid measure for Korean young adults aged 19-34 years old.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.205-212
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the behaviors associated with discrimination towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) in Indonesia and to determine the factors affecting discrimination. Methods: Secondary data from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey were analyzed using a cross-sectional design. Discrimination was assessed based on the questions (1) "Should children infected with HIV/AIDS be allowed to attend school with non-infected children?" and (2) "Would you buy fresh vegetables from a farmer or shopkeeper known to be infected with HIV/AIDS?" Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the factors affecting discrimination, with adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence interval (CIs) used to show the strength, direction, and significance of the associations among factors. Results: In total, 68.9% of 21 838 individuals showed discrimination towards PLHA. The odds of discrimination were lower among women (aOR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.55 to 0.71), rural dwellers (aOR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.75 to 0.89), those who understood how HIV is transmitted from mother to child (aOR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.89), and those who felt ashamed of their own family's HIV status (aOR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.52 to 0.61). The odds were higher among individuals who knew how to reduce the risk of getting HIV/AIDS (aOR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.15 to 1.39), how HIV/AIDS is transmitted (aOR, 3.49; 95% CI, 3.09 to 3.95), and were willing to care for an infected relative (aOR, 2.78; 95% CI, 2.47 to 3.13). A model consisting of those variables explained 69% of the variance in discrimination. Conclusions: Gender, residence, knowledge, and attitudes related to HIV/AIDS were explanatory factors for discrimination against PLHA. Improvements in HIV/AIDS education programs are needed to prevent discrimination.

• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.1107-1122
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• 2009

The purpose of this study were to examine the perception and behavior for preparing their old age according to the attitudes of middle aged people toward the elderly. In order to achieve this purpose, the survey was conducted with 441 middle aged people from Daegu and Kyungpook. Major findings of this study are as follows; First, there were statistically significantly different attitudes toward the elderly according to the personal variables such as gender, age, education, occupation and income. Second, the group, who had experience in the living together and contacting with the elderly, had a positive attitude toward the elderly. Third, the more positive attitudes toward the elderly, the better perception for preparing their old age. Finally, the more positive attitudes toward the elderly, the better behavior for preparing their old age.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.145-156
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• 2012

Objectives : By analyzing the affects of the mother's oral care to the caries experiences of the elementary school children, To looking for the way to prevent dental caries in the primary school, to provide baseline data to perform the associated oral health education. Methods : Between the 3,676 children's dental check-up data and the 2,934 survey of parents from 9 elementary schools in the the Gyeonggi Province, the exactly matching data of 2,358 pairs, children versus mothers, were analyzed during the period, 2009 May 4 to July 20, By using the PASW 18(SPSS-PC 18), Frequency analysis of the collected data, and cross-analysis, ANOVA, Bonferroni post-analysis was performed. Results : The findings of the study were as follows. 1. In children, the ratio(DMF rate)of the dental caries experience in permanent teeth, appeared higher for men than women. Divided by grade level, the ratio of caries experience in the permanent teeth(DMF rate) generally appear higher in older than young. Thus between the child's gender and grade level by the ratio of caries experience in the permanent teeth(DMF rate) showed the statistically significant differences (p<0.05). 2. Between the socioeconomic characteristics of mothers and the children's level of dental caries experiences, not showed the statistically significant difference.(p>0.05). 3. The significant difference showed between the dental caries levels of the children and the mother's oral health care behavior - a toothbrush replacement period, mother's broken teeth, mothers guidances of the brushing after snacks for children(p<0.05). Conclusions : The mother's oral health attitudes and behaviors can affect to their children's oral care habits. Therefore The mother themselves should have the right proper habit of oral health care, so that in oral health care mothers should be the model for their children. Institutionally more systematic and detailed oral health educational program in conjunction with the family is needed.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.125-146
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• 2005

This study examined the interactive effects of physical environment of childcare centers and teachers' creative teaching approaches on the level of young children's creativity. To do so, the study conducted an assessment called TCAM(Thinking Creativity in Action and Movement) that was developed by Torrance to 182 young children. Also, it utilized questionnaires to ask 28 teachers concerning physical environment of childcare centers and their creative teaching approaches level. The findings of this study were: First, the gender of young children didn't affect the level of young children's creativity but the age of young children positively affected the level of their imagination that is the subordinate area of creativity. Second, the high level of physical environment of childcare centers positively affected the level of young children's creativity. Third, teachers' actively creative teaching approaches positively affected the level of young children's creativity. Forth, both physical environment of childcare centers and teachers' creative teaching approaches interactively and positively influenced the level of young children's creativity. Fifth, both physical environment of childcare centers and teachers' creative teaching approaches positively affected the level of young children's creativity. The result of this study implies that the level of young children's creativity increases when childcare centers demonstrate high quality of physical environment and teachers deliver creative teaching approaches actively.