• 한국가스학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.123-133
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• 2023

상용 수소연료전지 차량은 기체 수소를 고압으로 압축하여 차량 내 저장 탱크로 저장하는 방식으로 충전이 진행된다. 이러한 압축 과정은 기체의 온도 상승을 유발하며, 저장 탱크의 안전성을 확보하기 위해 온도는 제한된다. 따라서 이러한 온도 상승을 설명하기 위한 열전달 모델이 필요하다. 열전달 모델은 대류 열전달 현상을 포함하며 정확한 대류 열전달 계수 추산이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 수소 충전 과정에서의 대류 열전달 계수를 물리적 현상을 고려한 다양한 상관관계식을 이용하여 계산하고 비교 분석하였다. 수소 충전 과정은 디스펜서로부터 탱크 입구까지의 충전라인과 차량 내 저장 탱크로 분류하였고, 각각의 내부 및 외부에서의 대류 열전달 계수를 질량 유량, 직경, 온도와 압력 등 공정 변수에 따라 추산하였다. 그 결과, 충전라인 내부의 경우 저장 탱크 내부에서보다 대류 열전달 계수가 약 1000배 크게 나타났고, 충전라인 외부의 경우 저장 탱크 외부에서보다 대류 열전달 계수가 약 3배 크게 나타났다. 마지막으로 각 과정에서의 대류 열전달 계수를 종합 분석한 결과 전체 수소 충전 과정에서 저장 탱크 외부에서의 열전달 계수가 가장 낮아 열전달 현상을 지배하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.245-255
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• 2016

Commercial production line of FCEV was built in 2013 by Hyundai and followed by Toyota in 2014, with additional manufacturers planning to enter the market around 2017. Now there is limited hydrogen infrastructure over the world, but more hydrogen stations are planned, particularly in Japan, Korea, Germany, UK and USA. ISO TC 197 which was created in 1990 focused standardization in the field of systems and devices for the production, storage, transport, measurement and use of hydrogen. Total number of published ISO standards related to the TC and its SCs (number includes updates) is 17. Now there are 20 participating countries and 13 observing countries. The current status of activity of ISO TC197 was reviewed and particularly issues on hydrogen quality and hydrogen refueling station were discussed.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2022

Compared with hydrogen, ammonia has the advantages of high gravimetric hydrogen densities (17.8 wt.%), ease of storage and transportation as a chemical hydrogen storage medium, while its application in small-scale on-site hydrogen production scenarios is limited by the need for complex separation equipment during high purity hydrogen production. Therefore, the study of PEMFC, which can directly utilize ammonia decomposition gas, can greatly expand the application of fuel cells. In this paper, the output characteristics, fuel efficiency and the variation trend of hydrogen concentration and local current density in the anode channel of fuel cell with the output voltage of PEMFC fueled by ammonia decomposition gas were studied by experiment and simulation. The results indicate that the maximum output power of the hybrid fuel decreases by 9.6% compared with that of the pure hydrogen fuel at the same inlet hydrogen equivalent. When the molar concentration of hydrogen in the anode channel is less than 0.12, the output characteristics of PEMFC will be seriously affected. Employing ammonia decomposition gas as fuel, the efficiency corresponding to the maximum output power of PEMFC is approximately 47%, which is 10% lower than the maximum efficiency of pure hydrogen.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.1879-1883
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• 2011

The electronic structure and bonding in $Ti_2Pd$ and $Pd_2Ti$ alloys with and without hydrogen as an interstitial atom were studied by performing extended Huckel tight-binding band calculations. The hydrogen absorption near an octahedral site is found to be a favorable process in $Ti_2Pd$ rather than in $Pd_2Ti$. In metal hydrides, the metal-hydrogen bonding contribution is crucial to the stability of the system. The stronger interaction of hydrogen with Ti atoms in $Ti_2PdH_2$ than with Pd atoms in $Pd_2TiH_2$ is analyzed by perturbation theory.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.48-59
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• 2016

화석연료를 사용하는 선박이나 자동차는 $CO_2$가스를 과대하게 발생하므로 지구 온난화에 영향을 주기 때문에 화석연료 대신 수소를 사용하는 수소연료전지자동차(FCV)가 크게 각광을 받고 있다. 우리나라는 현대자동차가 FCV자동차를 미국, 일본, 독일 등의 선진국들의 자동차회사와 경쟁적으로 개발하고 있다. 수소는 제철소의 코크스 공장, 서유화학공장의 부산물로 얻으며, 석탄, 메탄가스 등을 고온에서 증기와 반응시켜서 메탄 수증기개질법과 압력스윙흡착법 또는 막분리형멤브레인개질 법을 이용한 수소분리형개질방법으로 고순도 수소를 제조하거나 물을 전기분해하여 제조한다. 수소는 전자공업, 금속 및 화학공업, 로켓 연료 및 공장, 병원, 가정용 등의 연료전지시스템이나 FCV의 연료로 사용하고 있다. 수소의 저장은 수소용기에 수소를 압축하는 방법과 액화수소로 저장하는 방법이 일반적이고, 최근 수소화물이나 유기화학하이드라이드법으로 저장하여 수소스테이션에 운반해서 사용한다. 우리나라는 현재 13개소의 수소스테이션이 가동 중에 있으며, 향후 43개소를 설치할 계획이다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.458-463
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• 2007

An experimental study on scale-up of Electro-electrodialysis(EED) to increase the efficiency of HI decomposition section in the IS(Iodine-Sulfur) process was carried out. The EED stack extends the effective area of the membrane to 20 times of that formerly used in a single EED unit cell. The experiment was carried out using HIx solution($HI:H_2O:I_2=1:8.4{\sim}9:1.85{\sim}1.9$) at $100^{\circ}C$ and various solution flow rates of 20, 30, 40 and 50 cc/min. The increased HI molality in catholyte after one-pass throughout from the EED stack was 3 mol/kg-$H_2O$, 2.2 mol/kg-$H_2O$, 2 mol/kg-$H_2O$ and 1.37 mol/kg-$H_2O$ at 20, 30, 40 and 50 cc/min, respectively. These values satisfied the target of HI molality(the increase of HI molality: 2 mol/kg-$H_2O$) in the IS process for hydrogen production of 20 L/hr.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2019

Reliable $H_2$ supply is necessary for entering a $H_2$ society. Among the various $H_2$ storage and transportation methods, liquid organic $H_2$ carrier (LOHC) is in the spotlight because of a lot of advantages compared to conventional one such as compressed $H_2$ and liquefied $H_2$. Therefore, we performed preliminary economic analysis of $H_2$ supply cost using LOHC for a $H_2$ production capacity of $300Nm^3\;h^{-1}$ employing itemized cost estimation and sensitivity analysis to evaluate economic viability of this technology in Korea.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.477-482
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• 2021

Hydrogen production, hydrogen production cost, and utilization rate were calculated assuming four cases of hydrogen production system in combination of photovoltaic power generation (PV), water electrolysis system (WE), battery energy storage system (BESS), and power grid. In the case of using the PV and WE in direct connection, the smaller the capacity of the WE, the higher the capacity factor rate and the lower the hydrogen production cost. When PV and WE are directly connected, hydrogen production occurs intermittently according to time zones and seasons. In addition to the connection of PV and WE, if BESS and power grid connection are added, the capacity factor of WE can be 100%, and stable hydrogen production is possible. If BESS is additionally installed, hydrogen production cost increases due to increase in Capital Expenditures, and Operating Expenditure also increases slightly due to charging and discharging loss. Even in a hydrogen production system that connects PV and WE, linking with power grid is advantageous in terms of stable hydrogen production and improvement of capacity factor.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.128-135
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• 2019

In this study, the mesoporous $SiO_2$ (5, 10, or 15 wt%) was incorporated into the polybenzimidazole matrix in order to improve the proton conduction as well as physiochemical properties of composite membrane. The chemical structure of mesoporous $SiO_2$ and crystallinity of as-prepared membranes were analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, respectively. The thermal stability of the pristine $X_1Y_9$ and composite membranes were evaluated by thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). On other side, the physical and chemical properties of the pristine $X_1Y_9$ and composite membranes were also determined by acid uptake and oxidative stability tests, respectively. With the incorporation of 15 wt% $SiO_2$, the composite membrane exhibits the higher proton conductivity that may be applicable for non-humidified high temperature fuel cell applications.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.137-143
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• 2017

In the present study, Ni and $TaF_5$ were chosen as additives to enhance the hydriding and dehydriding rates of Mg. A sample with a composition of 80 wt% Mg + 14 wt% Ni + 6 wt% $TaF_5$ (named $80Mg+14Ni+6TaF_5$) was prepared by high-energy ball milling in hydrogen. Its hydriding and dehydriding properties were then examined. At the fourth cycle, the activated sample absorbed 3.88 wt% H for 2.5 min, 4.74 wt% H for 5 min, and 5.75 wt% H for 60 min at 593 K under 12 bar $H_2$. $80Mg+14Ni+6TaF_5$ had an effective hydrogen-storage capacity (the quantity of hydrogen absorbed for 60 min) of about 5.8 wt%. The sample desorbed 1.42 wt% H for 5 min, 3.42 wt% H for 15 min, and 5.09 wt% H for 60 min at 593 K under 1.0 bar $H_2$. Line scanning results by EDS for $80Mg+14Ni+6TaF_5$ before and after cycling showed that the peaks of Ta and F appeared at different positions, indicating that the $TaF_5$ in $80Mg+14Ni+6TaF_5$ was decomposed.