• Title/Summary/Keyword: chemical fertilizer

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Effects of Mixture Application of Concentrated Pig Slurry and Byproduct Liquid Fertilizer on the Growth and Yield of Chinese Cabbage (돈분뇨 농축액비와 부산물액비 혼합시용이 배추의 생육과 수량에 미치는 영향)

  • Ryoo, Jong-Won
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.271-282
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    • 2010
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effects of concentrated pig slurry and byproduct liquid fertilizer on the growth and yield of chinese cabbage. The experiment was conducted in a rain-shelter house which was installed in the agriculture farm. Plants were fertilized with concentrated slurry (CS), byproduct fertilizer (BF), mixture of concentrated slurry and byproduct liquid fertilizer (CS+BF), combined organic and chemical fertilizer (CS+BF+BF) and chemical fertilizer (CF) as control. 1. The pH level of byproduct liquid was decreased from the 3rd to the 7th day and increased 9 day to 14th day, but pH of concentrated slurry (CS) was not greatly varied. EC of concentrated slurry (CS) and byproduct liquid was increased gradually during the fermentation. 2. The concentrated slurry (CS) was low in phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, rich in potassium and unbalanced as a low nitrogen and high potassium. But byproduct liquid fertilizer was balanced in nitrogen and potassium ratio. 3. The leaf number, head height, head width of chinese cabbage in treatment with organic and chemical fertilizer (CS+BF+N) showed significant difference compared with control. The plant and head weight of chinese cabbage in treatment of concentrated slurry was severely decreased, but that in treatment organic and chemical fertilizer (CS+BF+N) were increased 8, 10% compared with control chemical fertilizer (CF), respectively. 4. The content of $K_2O$ in plant tissue and in soil was increased after using concentrated slurry. On the other hand, mineral content of except $K_2O$ did not differ significantly between any of the treatments. In conclusion, organic and chemical fertilizer (CS+BF+N) could improve growth and head weight of chinese cabbage.

Effect of Winter Crop Cultivation on Soil Organic Carbon and Physico-chemical Properties Under Different Rice-forage Cropping Systems in Paddy Soil

  • Yun, Sun-Gang;Lee, Chang-Hoon;Ko, Byong-Gu;Park, Seong-Jin;Kim, Myung-Sook;Kim, Ki-Yong
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.49 no.4
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    • pp.335-340
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    • 2016
  • Soil organic carbon plays an important role on soil physico-chemical properties and crop yields in paddy soil. However, there is little information on the soil organic carbon under different forage cultivation during winter season in rice paddy. In this study, we investigated the soil organic carbon and physico-chemical properties in 87 fields of paddy soil cultivated with Barley, rye, and Italian ryegrass (IRG) as animal feedstock during winter season. Organic carbon was 12.9, 14.3, and $16.9g\;C\;kg^{-1}$ in soil with barley, rye, and IRG cultivation, respectively. Among rice-forage cultivation systems, the rice+IRG cropping system was 19.5% higher than in the mono-rice cultivation. Bulk density ranged from 1.17 to $1.28g\;cm^{-3}$ irrespective of cropping systems, and had strongly negative correlation with the soil organic carbon in the rice+IRG cropping system. Carbon storage in rice+IRG cropping systems was average $29.6Mg\;ha^{-1}$ at 15 cm of soil depth, which was 20.4 and 10.3% higher than those of barley and rye cultivation. Increasing carbon storage in paddy soil contributed to the fertility for following rice cultivation. This results indicated that IRG cultivation during winter season could be an alternative and promising way to enhance soil organic carbon content and fertility of paddy soil.

Changes in Soil Properties and Rice Production as Influenced by the Consecutive Application of Liquid Swine Manure in Paddy Field (돈분 액비의 연용이 벼의 수량과 토양에 미치는 영향)

  • Ryoo, Jong-Won
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.221-234
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    • 2016
  • The application of animal manure on farm fields is one of the most economical ways. However, the continuous application of manure in paddy fields might change soil properties influencing the growth of rice plant. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the changes in selected chemical and biological properties of soils and rice production as affected by the applications of two different fertilizer sources, which were the consecutive applications of liquid swine manure (LSM) and chemical fertilizer (CF), during the three experimental years, from 2012 to 2014. Application amount of LSM was based on 100% of nitrogen fertilizer recommendation rate for rice cultivation estimated by soil testing. Plant height and tiller number in rice at the first year of liquid swine manure manure plot were lower than those of chemical fertilizer plot. Height and tillers of rice in liquid swine manure plot were higher than those of rice in chemical fertilizer plot after consecutive application for 3 years. Rice yield In the first year of application was decreased by 7% than that of chemical fertilizer, but the yield of rice in the third year of application in LM 100% plot was increased by 8% compared to the chemical fertilizer. Toyo-taste value of milled rice in LM 100% was decreased by increasing of protein contents and decreasing rate of perfect grain. The K and Zn contents in the soil were increased in the plots of consecutive LSM application. The results implied that the liquid manure may neither decrease the yield of rice and nor increase soil properties except K and Zn in the soil, and decrease rice quality.

Effects on Growth and Medicinal Ingredients of Platycodon grandiflorum Radix by Organic and Chemical Fertilizers (유기질 및 화학비료 시용수준이 도라지의 생육 및 약용성분에 미치는 영향)

  • Jeon, Seung-Ho;Rho, Il-Rae;Kim, Young-Guk;Chun, Hyun-Sik;Cho, Young-Son
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.403-417
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    • 2017
  • This study was done to elucidate effects on organic and chemical fertilizers for growth characteristics, saponin content and antioxidant activity in Platycodin grandiflorum Ridix root. Chemical and mixed organic fertilizers were treated at levels of 50%, 100% and 200% based on nitrogen 3 kg/10a before transplant of Platycodin grandiflorum Ridix. As a result, when 50% mixed organic and chemical fertilizer plots were treated to P. grandiflorum Ridix root, the root length showed the highest scores of 26.9 and 26.5 cm, respectively. Root width exhibited the highest scores of 25.6 mm and 25.2 mm in 50% mixed organic and chemical fertilizer plots, respectively. The number of fine-roots and fresh weight presented the highest values in 50% mixed organic fertilizer plot as 26.7 and 50.4 g, respectively. The content of platycodin D3 was ranged in 183.4~321.7 mg/100 g, which the highest value was observed in 100% mixed organic fertilizer plot. The content of saponin except for deapioplatycodin D presented higher amount in the mixed organic fertilizer plots. Treatment of 200% chemical fertilizer presented to be withered in transplant cultivation of 3 year-old roots.

Long-term Variations of Chemical Properties in Controlled Horticultural Soils of Gyeongnam Province

  • Lee, Young-Han;Lee, Seong-Tae;Hong, Kang-Pyo;Lee, Sang-Dae;Kim, Je-Hong;Ok, Yong-Sik;Kim, Min-Keun;Kim, HyeRan
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.46 no.5
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    • pp.308-312
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    • 2013
  • The monitoring of chemical dynamic changes in controlled horticultural lands is very important for agricultural sustainability. Field monitoring was performed to evaluate the soil chemical properties of 200 controlled horticultural soil samples in Gyeongnam province every 4 years from 2000 to 2012. Soil chemical properties such as pH, amount of organic matter, available phosphate, nitrate nitrogen, and exchangeable potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sodium were analyzed. The amount of exchangeable calcium and soil pH were significantly higher in 2012 than in 2000. In 2012, the frequency distribution for values of pH, organic matter, available phosphate, and exchangeable potassium, calcium, and magnesium that were within the optimum range was 16.0%, 22.5%, 11.5%, 3.5%, 2.5%, and 5.0%, respectively. Especially, available phosphate and exchangeable calcium were excess level with portions of 76.0% and 96.5%, respectively. These results indicated that a balanced management of soil chemical properties can reduce the amount of fertilizer applied for sustainable agriculture in controlled horticultural lands.

Effect of Application of Organic Fertilizer on the Growth of Korean Lawngrass(Zoysia matrella L. Merr.) (유기질비료의 시용이 한국잔디(Zoysia matrella L. Merr.)의 생육에 미치는 영향)

  • 함선규;이정재;김인섭
    • Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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    • v.7 no.2_3
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    • pp.61-66
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    • 1993
  • This experiment was carried out in order to study effect of organic fertilizer on the growth of Korean lawngrass(Zoysia matrella L. Merr.) and the change of soil chemical characteristics. Results obtained are summarized as follows: l. Organic fertilizer was appropriate for base-dressing in the establishment of turfgrass by means of sod. 2. Chlorophyll contents in mixed application plot of complex organic fertilizer were more abundant than that in single application plot of organic fertilizer. 3. The yield of dry weight in single application plot of organic fertilizer was greater about 40% than that in control plot. 4. As a whole, the growth of Korean lawngrass in mixed application plot of complex and organic fertilizer was more greater than that in single application plot of complex fertilizer. 5. Application of organic fertilizer promote effectiveness of available phosphorous in soil.

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Production of Eco-friendly Aminotosan® Fertilizer from Waste Livestock Blood using Chitosan Coagulation

  • Kim, Hyeon-Jeong;Shin, Myung-Seop;Jeon, Yong-Woo
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.48 no.6
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    • pp.724-730
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    • 2015
  • The aim of this study was to produce Aminotosan$^{(R)}$ fertilizer using optimized chitosan coagulant from waste livestock blood. Amino-acid fertilizer was produced by pretreated livestock blood. Chitosan coagulant was aggregated with amino-acid fertilizer to produce Aminotosan$^{(R)}$. Optimized coagulation conditions were set using chitosan coagulant such as 10% citric acid and 500 ppm chitosan coagulant by analysis of CST and TTF. The efficiency of coagulation by chitosan coagulant under the optimal conditions was better than chemical coagulants. After solid/liquid separation for coagulated amino-acid fertilizer, Aminotosan$^{(R)}$ fertilizer which added eco-friendly and aesthetic functions was produced.

Analysis on Fertilizer Application Uniformity of Centrifugal Fertilizer Distributor

  • Kim, JiMan;Woo, Dukgam;Kim, Taehan
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • v.43 no.4
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    • pp.420-425
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    • 2018
  • Purpose: Chemical fertilizers contribute to agricultural productivity. Annually, 450,000 tons of chemical fertilizers are used in Korea, which is 268 kg per hectare (MAFRA, 2016). However, excessive use causes problems such as environmental pollution and soil acidification. This study proposes use conditions for a fertilizer distributor that can reduce excessive fertilization by analyzing distribution patterns. Methods: This study analyzed fertilizer application uniformity according to the number of blades on a centrifugal fertilizer distributor (three or four blades), orifice gate open ratio (50 or 100%), and blade rotation speed (400, 500, or 600 rpm). Results: When using four blades, the coefficient of variation (CV) was lower than when using three by 11-13% points, and the CV using the 50% open ratio was 10-30% points lower than using the 100% open ratio. The CV at 500 rpm blade rotating speed was 9-12% points lower than that for 400 and 600 rpm. Conclusions: The CV with four blades, 50% orifice gate open ratio, and 500 rpm of blade rotating speed was 18.4%, which provided the most uniform fertilization.

Effect of Liquid Manure Source, Application Rate and Time on Agronomic Characteristics and Forage Yield of Winter Rye (가축분뇨의 종류, 시비량 및 시비시기가 호밀의 생육특성과 생산성에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Jin-Gil;Kim, Jong-Duk;Kwon, Chan-Ho
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.227-232
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    • 2006
  • This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of liquid manure source, application rate and time on the agronomic characteristics and forage yield of winter rye. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design. The treatments were : CFB150=chemical fertilizer(CF) 150 N as basal, CFS150=CF 150 N as split application (75+75), SLB150=swine liquid (SL) 150 N as basal, SLS150=SL 150 N as split application (75+75), SLB300=SL 300 N as basal, SLS150=SL 300 N as split application(150+150), CLB150=cattle liquid (CL) 150 N as basal, CLS150=CL 150 N as split awlication(75+75), CLB300=CL 300 N as basal, CLS150=CL 300 N as split application(150+150). Heading date of the plant was observed on the 17th of April fur both chemical fertilizer and swine liquid, and on the 16th of April for cattle liquid. Stay green of chemical fertilizer was higher than others because of high crude protein content. Leaf was darker in high nitrogen fertilizer treatments than low N treatments. However lodging resistance was poor as nitrogen fertilizer was increased. Dry matter (DM) content of rye at chemical fertilizer was lower than liquid manure. DM yield of chemical fertilizer treatments were highest among the fertilizer source. However, DM yield of rye with application was all most same at different N application methods. The crude protein (CP) content and yield for chemical fertilizer was significantly higher than liquid manure. CP yield using split application was higher by 16% and 28%, compared to basal application. Based on the results of this study, forage production of liquid manure was lower, compared to chemical fertilizer. And split application was superior to basal application forage and protein yields, and high protein.

Compare Growth Characteristics and Yield of Green Manure, Chemical Fertilizer and Livestock Manure for Soybean Cultivation in Conventional-Tillage and No-Tillage (무경운과 경운에서 콩 재배를 위한 녹비와 화학비료, 돈분액비의 생육특성 및 수량비교)

  • Yoo, Jang-Hwan;Jung, Hyun-Jin;Jung, Hae-Ryoung;Park, Hyung-Jun;Kwon, Soo-Jeong;Roy, Swapan Kumar;Oh, Eun-Ji;Kim, Suk-Jin;Chung, Keun-Yook;Kim, Hong-Sig;Woo, Sun-Hee
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.62 no.4
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    • pp.346-351
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    • 2017
  • This study was conducted to establish the type and method of fertilization for no-tillage during the third year of No-tillage (NT) and Conventional-tillage (CT) practices, towards different kinds of fertilizers. In this experiment, the livestock manure showed higher in response to fertilizer effects of no-tillage. Comparing growth characteristics and yield in NT and CT. Regarding yield, there is no significant between livestock fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, but between livestock fertilizer and chemical fertilizer in conventional fertilization has significant differences. Based on the result, livestock fertilizer is effective way on the quantity of the crop. Nitrogen absorption of plant in livestock of no-tillage is more effective than conventional fertilization. In case of the phosphorus absorption and potassium absorption of plant, fertilizer effect has no significant. Nitrogen is highly absorbed in livestock fertilization of NT. Absorption of phosphorus and potassium are similar.