• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.32-39
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• 2004

The color-based vision systems have been used to recognize our team robots, the opponent team robots and a ball in the robot soccer system. The color-based vision systems have the difficulty in that they are very sensitive to color variations brought by brightness changes. In this paper, a neural network trained with data obtained from various illumination conditions is used to classify colors in the modified YUV color space for the robot soccer vision system. For this, a new method to measure brightness is proposed by use of a color card. After the neural network is constructed, a look-up-table is generated to replace the neural network in order to reduce the computation time. Experimental results show that the proposed color classification method is robust under illumination variations.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.319-325
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• 2013

PURPOSE. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the color of a background substructure on the overall color of a zirconia-based all-ceramic crown. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Twenty one posterior zirconia crowns were made for twenty subjects. Seven premolar crowns and six molar crowns were cemented onto abutments with metal post and core in the first and second group. In the third group, eight molar crowns were cemented onto abutments with a prefabricated post and composite core build-up. The color measurements of all-ceramic crowns were made before try-in, before and after cementation. A repeated measure ANOVA was used for a statistical analysis of a color change of all-ceramic crowns at ${\alpha}$=.05. Twenty four zirconia specimens, with different core thicknesses (0.4-1 mm) were also prepared to obtain the contrast ratio of zirconia materials after veneering. RESULTS. $L^*$, $a^*$, and $b^*$ values of all-ceramic crowns cemented either on a metal cast post and core or on a prefabricated post did not show significant changes (P>.05). However, the slight color changes of zirconia crowns were detected and represented by ${\Delta}E{^*}_{ab}$ values, ranging from 1.2 to 3.1. The contrast ratios of zirconia specimens were 0.92-0.95 after veneering. CONCLUSION. No significant differences were observed between the $L^*$, $a^*$, and $b^*$ values of zirconia crowns cemented either on a metal cast post and core or a prefabricated post and composite core. However, the color of a background substructure could affect the overall color of posterior zirconia restorations with clinically recommended core thickness according to ${\Delta}E{^*}_{ab}$ values.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2018

Objective: Meat quality including muscle color in chickens is an important trait and continuous selective pressures for fast growth and high yield have negatively impacted this trait. This study was conducted to investigate genetic variations responsible for regulating muscle color. Methods: Whole genome re-sequencing analysis using Illumina HiSeq paired end read method was performed with pooled DNA samples isolated from two broiler chicken lines divergently selected for muscle color (high muscle color [HMC] and low muscle color [LMC]) along with their random bred control line (RAN). Sequencing read data was aligned to the chicken reference genome sequence for Red Jungle Fowl (Galgal4) using reference based genome alignment with NGen program of the Lasergene software package. The potential causal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) showing non-synonymous changes in coding DNA sequence regions were chosen in each line. Bioinformatic analyses to interpret functions of genes retaining SNPs were performed using the ingenuity pathways analysis (IPA). Results: Millions of SNPs were identified and totally 2,884 SNPs (1,307 for HMC and 1,577 for LMC) showing >75% SNP rates could induce non-synonymous mutations in amino acid sequences. Of those, SNPs showing over 10 read depths yielded 15 more reliable SNPs including 1 for HMC and 14 for LMC. The IPA analyses suggested that meat color in chickens appeared to be associated with chromosomal DNA stability, the functions of ubiquitylation (UBC) and quality and quantity of various subtypes of collagens. Conclusion: In this study, various potential genetic markers showing amino acid changes were identified in differential meat color lines, that can be used for further animal selection strategy.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.113-119
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• 2023

This research analyzed the importance and influence of color expression on psychological and emotional changes of visual perception in the creation of art works. This research takes the element of the sky in the works of Vincent William Van Gogh, a Dutch post-Impressionist representative painter, as the basic research objective to prove the influence of color expression of the same thing on the inner emotional communication of the creator. After synthesizing the contents of previous research and investigation on Van Gogh, this research will summarize the works containing sky elements in Van Gogh's works according to his four creative stages, and select representative works for color analysis and comparison. In this paper, by comparing the colors of the same elements of the sky, we can find Van Gogh's guidance of psychological and emotional changes through the expression of colors in his works, which will play a certain inspiring role in the creation of painting art.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.79-85
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• 1987

The purpose of this study was to help the consumer about the care of nonwoven fabrics by investigation of the properties such as launderability. shrinkage, color fastness and strenth. Materials used were two types, soft and stiff, of commercial nonwoven fabrics. Deter-gents used were neutral detergents, synthetic detergents and dry cleaning solutions(perch-toro-ethylene) The results of this study were summerized as follows; 1. Laundering of nonwoven fabrics in low temperature is more ideal as morphological changes by laundering in high temperature were more prominent than that in low temperature. 2. Ironing of nonwoven fabrics wants more attention on environmental temperature as the rate of shrinkage in high temperature was higher than that in low temperature. Neutral detergents are more desirable as the rate of shrinkage of nonwoven fabrics by laundering with synthetic detergents was more prominent than that with neutral deter-gents. The rate of shringkage of nonwoven fabrics was not affected by dry cleanining. 3. Special care is wanted in order to prevent color transfer from non woven fabrics to polyester or wool during dry cleaning or laundering as the color fastness test show that color changes of nonwoven fabrics were not affected, but that color stain was increased on polyester or wool. 4. The strength was affected by composition of fibers and types of nonwoven fabrics, soft or stiff.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.47-50
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• 2005

Solvatochromic fluorescence behavior of 8-aminoquinoline based benzothiazole derivative in varying solvent systems has been investigated. Benzothiazole appended 8-aminoquinoline 3 showed distinctive fluorescence color changes depending upon the solvent polarities and the fluorescence color changes occurred over relatively wide span in visible region from 486 nm to 598 nm which can be detected with naked eye. Compound 3 also exhibited significant spectral shifts in ${\lambda}_{em}$ as a function of water composition in binary aqueous solvent systems. The changes are due to the specific interaction of 3 by hydrogen bonding with water as well as general solvent effect. The observed solvatochromic fluorescence characteristics of 3 could be used as a new probe for the micro-environmental polarity changes as well as a sensitive sensor for the determination of water composition in binary aqueous solutions.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.17-24
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• 2010

Although design, color, and material are important elements in stage costumes, stage lightning also plays significant role in the presentation of stage costumes. Costumes color, material and perception can be significantly influenced by visual effects. Stage illumination can be arranged or managed so that colors are closely related to or enhanced or change the effects of costume colors on the runway or display at specific times. The results of this thesis are as follow; 1) Fabric tone, name, brightness, and chroma of colors were changed by the colors of stage lighting. 2) An achromatic color was changed to a chromatic color after being combined with colors of stage lighting. 3) Stage illuminations can make fabric, colors look similar to stage colors. 4) Plain satin silk fabric which reflects light shows high brightness and chroma after being influenced by stage lighting its shining effects and color changes were clear and apparent. 5) Velvet pile fabric which absorbs light shows low brightness and chroma after being influenced by stage lightning its shining effects and changes of colors were not clear and apparent. In conclusion, natural lights did not significantly influence fabric colors and perception, while artificial lights had wide range of effects on fabric colors and perception.

• Korean Journal of Metals and Materials
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.23-27
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• 2012

The color of a natural diamond that contains nitrogen impurities can be enhanced by a high pressure high temperature (HPHT) treatment. Type IaAB diamond samples containing nitrogen impurities were executed by HPHT process of 5.6 Gpa, 10 min by varying the annealing temperature at 1600, 1650, and $1700^{\circ}C$. Property characterization was carried out using an optical microscope, FT-IR spectrometer, low-temperature PL spectrometer, and micro Raman spectrometer. By observing optical micrographs, it can be seen that diamond sample began to alter its color to vivid yellow at $1700^{\circ}C$. In the FT-IR spectrum, there were no Type changes of the diamond samples. However, amber centers leading to brown colors lessened after $1700^{\circ}C$ annealing. In the PL spectrum, all the H4 centers became extinct, while there were no changes of yellow color center H3 before or after treatment. In the Raman spectrum, no graphite spots were detected. Consequently, diamond color enhancement can be done by higher than $1700^{\circ}C$ HPHT annealing at 5.6 GPa-10 min.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.62-71
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• 2007

The color is one of the important key words in Fashion arena today. In fashion, the image and concept changes by use of color or color combinations. The purpose of this research is to pursue the characteristics of color and color combinations through analyzing the colors utilized in oriental fashion design. It is necessary to define the oriental fashion design to build a criteria for collecting law materials for analysis of the research. As a conclusion, traditional oriental colors already used in various traditional artifacts were popular in use by many fashion designers with volatile attitudes towards its original symbolic meanings or philosophy. For example, yellow and red stands for gorgeous or sexy images through fashion design instead of express its original symbols of power and prosperity. The Complimentary Color Combination in hue, value and intensity of colors were also found in fashion design impling oriental images. While Contemporary Fashion Trend Color were also used in expressing Oriental images with oriental details considering fashion market. In using Oriental colors The characteristics of oriental colors and its combinations used in fashion designs are significant and their influences are meaningful not only in fashion design but also adjacent design areas.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.31-45
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• 2022

After manufacturing the natural dyed actual size Hanji using 11 kinds of plant natural dyeing materials and 2 kinds of animal natural dyeing materials, the color characteristics and color change and color fastness after post-mordanting were compared and discussed. The hues of 13 types of natural dyed Hanji were black, PB, and RP, each with 1 type, YP with 3 types, and Y with 7 types. Among the natural dyeing materials, Chinese ink, indigo and Lac showed high color yield and color difference, and violet-root cromwell and gardenia seeds showed low color yield. The color fastness of Hanji dyed with turpentine diluted Ottchil, Pagoda tree seeds, Chinese ink and indigo was excellent, while that of gardenia seeds and violet-root cromwell were very poor. After post-mordanting of natural dyed Hanji with Al, Cu, and Fe mordants, the hue changes were show up the Alnus firma, clove, lac and cochineal. In addition, the color difference was very diverse and was overall the most biggest due to Fe mordant. After 72 hr. of UV irradiation on post-mordanting natural dyed Hanji, hue change was observed in 3 types and color fastness was improved in 8 types by post-mordanting. The Hue and color fastness are significantly different depending on the type of natural dying materials and post-mordants. Therefore, when dyeing Hanji with natural dyes, it is necessary to dye with sufficient knowledges and informations about the desired color and fastness.