• 패션비즈니스
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.158-169
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• 2008

This study aims to survey the perceptions held by students and field workers regarding the clothing-related qualification certificates, which can serve as the base for becoming clothing professionals, to compare and analyze the actual state of qualification certificates on the basic research level, and thus to search for the directions suitable for the clothing-related qualification certificates. The questionnaire method was selected for the study. The responses of 406 copies from students and 81 copies from field workers were used, and frequency analysis and t-test were done with the assistance of spss 10.0 statistics program, The findings are as follows. First, as to the qualification certificates perceived by the students, the certificates of colorist engineer and colorist industrial engineer were known most. 237 students, or 58.4% of the student respondents, had obtained the information about the qualification certificates mainly through the internet and mass media, and 77.3% of the students had a plan to get the qualification certificates. Second, as to the qualification certificates perceived by the field workers, the respondents indicated that school grades(43.2%) would be given the highest additional points at the time of employment, while the clothing-related qualification certificates gathered low responses of 11.1%. The field workers perceived that the qualification certificate of Western suit engineer(pattern) was needed for the job, while 45.4% of them perceived that no qualification certificate was required for the job. Third, both the students and the field workers showed low acquisition levels of the qualification certificates, and in view of their perceptions that the qualification certificates of languages or computer skills were more useful, the improvement is needed in order for the national certificates for the clothing-related skill qualification to develop in the more job-related directions.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.4-14
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• 2004

Background : To examine the problems involved in writing practice of death certificates, we compared the determination of underlying cause of death for vital statistics using recorded underlying cause of death in issued death statistics. Methods : We collected 688 mortality certificates issue in year of 2,000 from 3 university hospitals. And we also collected vital statistics from ministry of statistics. The causes of death were coded by experienced medical record specialists. And causes of death determined at ministry of statistics for national vital statistics were mapped to causes of death recorded at each death certificates. The rate that underlying causes of death for vital statistics were derived from underlying causes of death recorded at issued death certificates were analysed. Results : 64.5% of underlying cause of death for could be derived from underlying cause of death recorded at issued death certificates, 8.6% derived from intermediate cause of death, and 3.9% derived from direct cause of death. In 23% of cases, underlying cause of death could not be derived using issued death certificates. The rate that underlying cause of death for vital statistics could be derived from underlying cause of death recorded at death certificates was different between 3 university hospitals. And the rate was also different between death certificates and postmortem certificates. We classified the causes of death using 21 major categories. The rate was different between diseases or conditions that caused death too. Conclusion : When we examined the correctness of death certificate writing practice using above methods, correctness of writing could not be told as satisfactory. There was difference in correctness of writing between hospitals, between death certificates and postmortem certificates, and between diseases and conditions that caused death. With this results, we suggested some strategy to improve the correctness of death certificate writing practice.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.70-76
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• 2021

The appearance of COVID-19 virus has affected many aspects of our life. These include and not limited to social, financial and economic changes. One of the most important impacts is the economic effects. Many countries have taken actions to continue the teaching process through online teaching platforms. The students are expected to graduate during the next few semesters with certificates that include some online-completed courses and their graduation certificates are called mixed certificates. This paper considers graduation mixed certificates with some online courses and its impact on graduates seeking jobs. First, we study how well the mixed certificates are accepted by job market. In other words, how different companies, organizations and even governmental entities would accept such certificates when hiring. We study the perception of job market for such certificates for different learning fields. Secondly, we study how well the online courses are accepted by the students keeping in mind that these students are used to traditional face to face teaching. Finally, we paper our results and recommendations according to the collected data from the surveys. Some of the results show that about 60% of companies don't have policies to encourage hiring graduates with mixed certificates. Also, colleges are almost divided evenly between preferring face to face and preferring online teaching.

• 대한응급의학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.529-550
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• 2018

Objective: This study investigated the most common errors on death certificates written by resident trainees of the emergency department and evaluated the effects of education on how to write a death certificate. Methods: A casebook of 31 deaths was prepared based on actual death cases in the emergency room in 2016. Ten residents completed 31 death certificates for the death casebook without any prior notice and then received education on 'How to write the death certificate.' They completed the death certificates again for the same casebook after receiving the education and the number of errors on all death certificates was again determined and divided into major and minor errors. The average number of error types was compared before and after the education. Results: Major errors occurred in 55% of all death certificates, but decreased to 32% after education. Minor errors decreased from 81% before education to 54% after education. The most common major error was 'unacceptable cause of death' (mean${\pm}$standard deviation [SD], $10.2{\pm}8.2$), and the most common minor error was 'absence of time interval' (mean${\pm}$SD, $24.0{\pm}7.7$), followed by 'absence of other significant conditions' (mean${\pm}$SD, $14.6{\pm}6.1$) before education. Conclusion: Education on 'how to write a death certificate' can help reduce errors on death certificates and improve the quality of death certificates.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2009년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.359-362
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• 2009

공인인증서는 온라인 금융거래와 증권거래 등에서 사용자의 신원 확인을 위해 사용된다. 이때 사용자의 공개키는 공인인증서에 저장되며, 이 공개키에 대응되는 사용자의 개인키는 보안을 위해 사용자가 설정하는 패스워드로 암호화 되어 개인키 저장파일에 저장된다. 본 연구에서는 로컬에서 공인인증서에 접근하는 현재의 방식에 문제점을 지적하고 이를 해결할 수 있는 방법으로 모바일 공인인증서 관리 어플리케이션을 제안한다.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.707-716
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• 2019

In this paper, we present a certificate management platform for performance assessment during recruitment using blockchain. Applicants are awarded certificates according to a predetermined level of progress based on their performances. All certificates are stored on a recruitment management platform that serves as an environment for storing and presenting all awarded certificates. The hashed information of all the certificates are stored in the blockchain, and once stored, the contents cannot be tampered with. Therefore, anyone can check the validity of the certificates using this blockchain. Our proposed platform will be useful for recruitment and application management, career management, and personal history maintenance.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.181-202
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• 2009

이 논문은 독서교육에 관련하여 자격을 수여하고 있는 민간단체를 조사하고, 민간자격을 위한 교육과정을 논의하였으며, 자격을 위한 교과를 제시하였다. 첫째, 독서교육에 관련하여 자격을 수여하는 민간단체가 지나치게 많다. 둘째, 독서교육에 관련하여 수여되는 자격증은 민간자격이다. 셋째, 독서교육에 관련하여 수여되는 자격은 독서지도사, 논술지도사, 독서치료사, 독서코치 등으로 나눌 수 있다. 넷째, 독서교육에 관련된 자격증 수여는 민간자격이라도통합 관리하는 주체가 필요하다. 다섯째, 수여되는 자격을 위한 교육과정과 과목의 선정 및 내용은 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.195-215
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• 2000

Illinois issues the following standard teaching certificates : Early Childhood (birth-grade 3), Elementary (grades K-9), High School (grades 6-12) Special (grade K-12), School Service Personnel, and Administrative. Any of the preceding certificates can be issued on a provisional (maximum of two fiscal years) basis to qualifying individuals. Other certificates issued are : Substitute, Provisional Vocational, Temporary Provisional Vocational, Part-Time Provisional, and General. To obtain an Early Childhood, Elementary, High School, or Special certificate in Illinois, you must either complete an approved teacher education program or be an experienced, licensed teacher seeking a subsequent certificate through transcript evaluation. You must meet all other requirements for the particular certificate you are seeking, For school Service Personnel and Administrative certificates you must have completed a state approved program before you may apply. The Standard Elementary Certificate, High School Certificate, and Special Certificate are valid for four years for teaching. These certificates may be issued to graduates with a bachelor's degree from a recognized college who have successfully completed the required certification examinations and who present certified evidence of having earned credits. All individuals receiving certificates must be of good character and in good health, and be at least 19 years of age and a citizen of the United States or legally present and authorized for employment.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2004

인터넷과 정보통신의 발달과 더불어, 공개키 기반구조를 이용한 전자상거래가 광범위하게 사용하고 있으며, 또한 웹 응용 및 DB 시스템에 대한 접근제어에 관한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 공개키 인증서에 대한 검증방법으로는 CRL, OCSP, SCVP 등의 방법이 있으나, PKI 기반구조에서 사용되고 있는 인증서 검증방법이 권한제어를 필요로 하는 PMI 시스템에서 적용되기 위해서는 두개의 인증서에 대한 검증방법이 서로 연계되어야 한다. 왜냐하면 속성인증서는 권한제어를 위한 사용자의 속성정보를 저장하고 있는 반면에, 서명, 암호화 기능 등에 사용될 수 있는 공개키 정보를 포함하지 않고 있기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 PKC와 PMI 간의 인증서 사용에서의 문제점을 분석하고 이를 해결하기 위하여 PMI 기반에서의 속성인증서를 중심으로 한 통합인증서 검증모델을 제안한다.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.127-142
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• 2013

2011년 9월 개인정보보호법의 발효로 공공기관의 개인정보영향평가가 의무화됨에 따라 영향평가 전문인력의 수요가 증가할 것으로 예상된다. 하지만 국내에는 이에 특화된 전문자격이 존재하지 않아 현 시점에서는 불가피하게 유사자격 등의 기준으로 영향평가 전문인력을 인정하고 있는 상황이나, 향후 중장기적으로 볼 때 이는 영향평가 시장의 걸림돌로 작용할 것으로 예상된다. 이에 본 논문에서는 유사자격과 영향평가 자격체계와의 비교를 통해 개인정보영향평가 자격요건에 대한 유사자격의 충족 여부를 분석하여 유사자격 인정의 타당성 여부를 확인한다. 비교 결과 유사자격의 타당성이 낮다고 판단됨에 따라 새로운 전문자격 수립, 유사자격에 추가 시험 또는 교육 운영, 전문자격의 모듈화 운영 등의 자격기준 개선방안을 제시하였으며, 세 가지 개선방안은 개인정보영향평가 시장의 품질 향상에 기여할 것으로 기대한다.