• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.255.2-255.2
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• 2003

Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is flavin-containing enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of variety of amine-containing neurotransmitters such as catecholamines and serotonin to yield the corresponding aldehyde. Thus, MAO activity might play important roles in some pathological states of central nervous system diseases such as depression, alcoholism, and schizophrenia. (omitted)

• Journal of Wellbeing Management and Applied Psychology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.33-37
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aims to understand the trend and central concept of domestic researches on laughter therapy. For the analysis, this study used total 72 theses verified by inputting the keyword 'laughter therapy' from 2007 to 2021. Research design, data and methodology: This study performed the development and analysis of keyword co-occurrence network, analyzed the types of researches through topic modeling, and verified the visualized word cloud and sociogram. The keyword data that was cleaned through preprocessing, was analyzed in the method of centrality analysis and topic modeling through the 1-mode matrix conversion process by using the NetMiner (version 4.4) Program. Results: The keywords that most appeared for last 14 years were laughter therapy, depression, the elderly, and stress. The five topics analyzed in thesis data from 2007 to 2021 were therapy, cognitive behavior, quality of life, stress, and the elderly. Conclusions: This study understood the flow and trend of research topics of domestic laughter therapy for last 14 years, and there should be continuous researches on laughter therapy, which reflects the flow of time in the future.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.322-334
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• 2010

Spatiotemporal characteristics of precipitation in Korea, associated with the weakening of Tropical Cyclones (TCs) around the Korean Peninsula ($32-36^{\circ}N$, $122-132^{\circ}E$) over the last 30 years (1979-2008), were investigated. Weakened TCs are classified as WEC (Weakened to Extratropical Cyclone) and WTD (Weakened to Tropical Depression). In WEC, precipitation was evenly distributed all over the Korean Peninsula and the greater precipitation was recorded in the southern coast. In WTD, the most precipitation was recorded in the southern coast but low precipitation was recorded in the central and inland areas of Korea. The difference of precipitation between WEC and WTD was not statistically significant in Region 2 (Jeollanam-do, Gyeongsangnam-do, southeastern part of Gyeongsangbuk-do, Jeju-do); however, the precipitation resulting from WEC was greater than that resulting from WTD in Region 1 (central area of Korea, Jeollabuk-do, inland of Gyeongsangbuk-do). In WEC, the developed upper-level potential vorticity (PV) and low-level temperature trough shifted to the northwest of TCs approaching Korea. In addition, an upper-level jet stream and strong divergence field were observed to the northeast of the TCs. It was assumed that these meteorological factors had induced baroclinic instability and diabatic process, which created a large precipitation area around the TCs. However, the intense PV, temperature trough, jet stream were not observed in WTD, which created a small precipitation area around the TCs.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.136-147
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of integrated palliative care intervention on quality of life in terminally ill patients. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed via PubMed, Cochrane Library CENTRAL, LWW (Ovid), CINAHL and several Korean databases. The main search strategy was to combine terms indicating palliative care intervention, presence of terminal illness and study design. Methodological quality was assessed using Cochrane's Risk of Bias for randomized studies and Risk of Bias Assessment tool for non-randomized studies. Data were analyzed by the Stata 10 program. Results: Eight clinical trials met the inclusion criteria with a total of 356 participants. Integrated palliative care interventions were administered for a mean of 6.5 weeks, 5.6 sessions and an average of 47.8 minutes per session. Effect sizes were heterogeneous, and subgroup analysis was done. Integrated palliative care interventions had a significant effect on quality of life (ES=1.83, P=0.018, $l^2=92%$), spiritual well-being (ES=0.78, P=0.040, $l^2=0$), depression (ES=0.86, P<0.001, $l^2=32$) and anxiety (ES=0.69, P=0.041, $l^2=71.1$). But integrated palliative care interventions had no significant effect on pain (ES=0.365, P=0.230, $l^2=69.8$). Conclusion: Results support findings that integrated palliative care interventions were helpful in lessening depression and anxiety and improving quality of life and spiritual well-being, however, the interventions did not assist pain management in terminal cancer patients. These findings suggest that various integrated palliative care interventions can assist terminal cancer patients with better quality of life in the socio-psycho-spiritual dimension.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.267-275
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• 2017

Background and Objective: Whabyung is a Korean cultural disorder characterized by a combination of emotional stress and physical symptoms. Acupuncture, herbal medicines and other complementary medicinal treatments are used to treat the symptoms of whabyung. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of acupuncture treatment and herbal medicine treatments on anger, anxiety and depression of whabyung. Methods: Using PubMed, CENTRAL, AMED, MEDLINE, EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cnii, CNKI, J-SATGE, PsycArticles, KISS, KoreaMed, kmbase, NDSL, RISS, OASIS and Korean Traditional Knowledge Portal, articles published by March 2017 for whabyung or whabyung-related syndrome were searched. The quality of selected articles was evaluated using RoB and RoBANS. The effects of acupuncture and herbal medicines on anger, anxiety, and depression levels of whabyung patients were considered for meta-analyses. Results: Of the total 2408 articles retrieved from the database, 11 were finally selected and 4 articles were used for meta-analyses. Acupuncture reduced whabyung patients' anger and anxiety. Especially, the state anxiety was significantly reduced (effect size= -0.676, p= .026). Herbal medicine had effects on reducing anxiety and state anger while trait anger was increased without statistical significance. Conclusion: The present study showed the effectiveness of acupuncture and herbal medicines for whabyung patients in general. However, considering the limited availability of articles and the heterogeneity between them included for the meta-analysis, the results should be generalized with caution. In the future, more studies within the structure of evidence-based medicine need to be conducted to generate objective and valid evidences of korean medicine.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.135-138
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• 2012

The pathophysiology of functional gastrointestinal disorder(FGID) is not completely understood, but the importance of the 'Brain-Gut Axis(BGA)' model in FGID is being increasingly recognized. The BGA model is a bidirectional, hard-wired and homeostatic relationship between the central nervous system(CNS) and the enteric nervous system(ENS) via neural, neurohormonal and neuroimmunological pathways. In addition, the BGA model would provide a rationale for the use of psychotropics on FGID. The authors experienced two cases in which duloxetine, a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, was effective in relieving FGID symptoms as well as psychiatric symptoms such as depression and hypochondriacal anxiety. Therefore we discuss the vignettes from the perspective of BGA theory. Duloxetine showed efficacy in these two patients by reducing visceral hypersensivity (bottom-up regulation) and by relieving depression and anxiety(top-down regulation).

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.471-483
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was done to evaluate the effects of dignity interventions on depression, anxiety and meaning of life in terminally ill patients. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library CENTRAL, EMBASE, CINAHL and several Korean databases were searched. The main search strategy combined terms indicating dignity intervention, presence of terminal illness and study design. Methodological quality was assessed using Cochrane's Risk of Bias for randomized studies and Risk of Bias Assessment tool for non randomized studies. Data were analyzed by the RevMan 5.2.11 program of Cochrane Library. Results: Twelve clinical trials met the inclusion criteria with a total of 878 participants. Dignity intervention was conducted for a mean of 2.2 weeks, 2.8 sessions and an average of 48.7 minutes per session. Effect sizes were heterogeneous and subgroup analysis was done. Dignity interventions had a significant effect on depression (ES= -1.05, p<.001, $I^2$=15%) and anxiety (ES= -1.01, p<.001, $I^2$=0). For meaning of life, dignity interventions were effective (ES= -1.64, p=.005) and effect sizes were still heterogeneous. Conclusion: Results support findings that dignity interventions can assist terminal ill patients in reducing emotional distress and improving meaning of life. Further well-designed dignity studies will lead to better understanding of the effects of treatments on spiritual well-being.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.17-53
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• 1993

Pusan is the largest fishing port in Korea, and deals with more than I million ton of fish catches annually, including catches of coastal and off-shore fisheries as well as those of deep-sea fishery. However, it hen had no fishing port facilities specialized fer deep-sea fishery since it started 30 years ago. Economic and physical losses resulting from this have teen enormous. Although fishing port facilities are a part of infra-structures built by Governments, the construction of them has been delayed due to financial difficulties of Central or local governments. To overcome this harsh situation to which deep-sea fishery cooperations faced, some cooperations have decided to construct fishing port facilities including fish-pier specialized for deep-sea fishery in Gamcheon port. The construction expenses of these facilities were financed by private funds to which they themselves jointly contributed. As a result, a fish-[pier, which has the capacity of serving one fishing vessel of 10, 000 ton or four of 5, 000 ton or four of 1, 000 ton at the same time, will be opened in here by 1994. The paper examines the master plan to revitalize the deep-sea fisheries industry in a deep depression with the opening of these physical facilities. The framwork of the plan is pursued in two different aspects, which are both hardware and software. In a hardware aspect, the plan in to develop Pusan into a city which is suitable for one of the best fishing ports in the world. That is, it is to develop the city into a place famous for sightseeing as well as the distribution and processing of fish-products centering around fish-piers. On the other hand, in a software aspet, it is regarding improvement of the distribution system of fish-products. One way to do that is to make up some deficiencies of the current system of a producers' joint sale. And the other is to establish an exchange of fish-products futures. Through these institutions, we could abrsorb speculative funds, which would otherwise be invested in speculation on fish-products, into productive investment opportunities, We believe that if the plan is realized, the deep-sea fishery in Korea will revive from a long-tasted depression and make progress to become one of the mai industries of Korea.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.117-125
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• 2020

The purpose of this review is to confirm whether Soyo-san (Xiaoyao-san) and its modifications is effective on alleviating clinical symptoms in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) patients. We collected clinical trials (randomized controlled trial, quasi-randomized controlled trial, controlled clinical trial) to investigate the effects of Soyo-san and its modifications on general symptoms, fatigue, depression and anxiety in CFS patients. The databases used for data retrieval were Pubmed, Central Cochrane, Embase, CNKI, CQVIP, Wanfang, CiNii, OASIS, RISS, and Koreamed. We performed selection/exclusion process from the found studies to conform with prespecified criteria, and assessed the final included trials according to the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The included studies were classified based on the interventions in experimental and control group. Eight randomized controlled trials and one controlled clinical trial (total 921 participants) were eligible and their results were synthesized in the meta analysis. The synthesis showed a considerable effect of Soyo-san and its modifications on improvement of general symptoms (relative risk 0.27 [95% CI 0.19 to 0.39], Z=7.03, P<0.00001; I2=0%) and fatigue severity (SMD -1.20 [95% CI -1.46 to -0.93], Z=8.78, P<0.00001; I2=52%) in CFS patients, while Effect on depression and anxiety were inconclusive. We found that Soyo-san and its modifications were effective for improvement of general symptoms and fatigue severity in CFS post-treatment.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.133-138
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• 2021

Glufosinate-containing herbicides is a non-selective herbicide commonly used worldwide. As the use of them increased gradually since paraquat was banned in 2012, the number of suicides by their ingestion is also increasing continuously. Complications of glufosinate-containing herbicide poisoning include various central nervous system (CNS) toxicities such as convulsions, loss of consciousness, memory impairment, and respiratory depression, which may be accompanied by hemodynamic changes such as bradycardia and hypotension. However, it is very rare that arrhythmias other than bradycardia occurred and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy was combined due to cardiotoxicity. A 71-year-old female patient was transferred to our hospital after ingesting 500 mL of glufosinate-containing herbicide and receiving 5 L of gastric lavage at a local hospital. A few hours later, she presented stuporous mentality, respiratory depression, and convulsions, and was accompanied by hypotension and bradycardia. On the second day of admission, electrocardiogram (ECG) showed bradycardia and QTc prolongation with hemodynamic Instability. Accordingly, we conducted the early treatment with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and the application of temporary cardiac pacemaker. An echocardiogram demonstrated decreased ejection fraction (EF) and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy on the third day of admission. Then, she was discharged safely with conservative treatment. At the follow-up after 1 year, Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, EF and QTc prolongation were recovered on echocardiogram and ECG. Because cardiac toxicity after glufosinate-containing herbicide poisoning may cause life-threatening consequences, caution is required while treating the patient. Therefore, if electrocardiogram changes are seen in the elderly with a large amount of glufosinate herbicide ingestion, additional cardiac function test through echocardiography should be concerned, and early treatment through CRRT or artificial cardiac pacing should be considered.