• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.117-120
• /
• 2004

Immersive virtual reality provides an effective way of visualizing and analyzing various spatial data, such as wireline logs, three-dimensional seismic, and interpreted geologic boundaries, and etc. Although it is a valuable tool for oil and gas exploration, its usage has been limited to a specific area because of its high development costs. This paper describes the development of an immersive virtual reality system, known as CAVE (Cave Automatic Virtual Environment) that maximizes immersiveness with reasonable prices by using general purpose PC and projectors.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
• /
• 2002.11a
• /
• pp.41-46
• /
• 2002

가상환경 기술이 발전하면서 보다 현실감 있는 가상환경을 구현할 수 있으나, 이를 사용하는 사용자 환경에 대한 연구는 아직 미흡하다. 본 연구에서는 사용자에게 전 시야를 제공해 줄 수 있는 CAVE 시스템을 구축하였으며, 보다 현실감 있는 조작을 위하여 사용자에게 힘의 정보를 전달하여 줄 수 있는 햅틱 암마스터를 채택하였다. CAVE와 햅틱 암마스터를 사용하여 가상물체를 보면서 접촉하거나 조작할 수 있는 가상환경을 구축하였다.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
• /
• no.85
• /
• pp.15-17
• /
• 2008

This paper is attempted to review a cave restoration and preservation plan against environmental destruction and pollution as a preliminary survey for preservation of cave environment. Consequently, it's important to throw an indirect light rather than direct light on cave formations, keeping distance of 2m at least. The already existing moss should be removed using wet cloth or sponge as soon as possible. If it's washed off, be careful not to splash it or water on nearby subjects. Based on an automatic switch-off system, light will automatically turn off when no one is left in the cave. It's also recommended to dualize the cave passage and partially close the cave by taking turns to give a time to recover.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
• /
• no.67
• /
• pp.73-79
• /
• 2005

Cave survey is close relate to the culture and environment of the Area. And the Korean culture and the skeleton of the spirits are very similar to that of continent. in this paper some caves are studied and find the close relationship between the present culture and the past cultures.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
• /
• no.95
• /
• pp.23-33
• /
• 2009

This study analyzed the distribution of China's caves and cave resources in Research. The results are as follows: First, China's melting karst caves are mainly distributed in southwest widely distributed. Recently in Beijing and other northern areas found in many caves. First, China's Karst caves are mainly distributed in karst-flung southwest. Recently in Beijing and other northern areas found in many caves. Second, although China is widespread volcanic landscapes, but most of the extinct volcano, the lava caves less so. Are mainly distributed in Hainan Island, north-east there are some distribution. Third, China's recent development and evolution of the cave, analysis of the paleo-environment records of cave stalagmites, cave biology, cave tourism development, environmental aspects of cave research more active.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.213-219
• /
• 2004

The bacterial community of water stream, soil and guano in Gossi cave was examined by using PCR amplified the 16S rDNA-denaturing gradient gel electrophoyesis (DGGE). In this study, the genetic diversity and the similarity of bacterial community between open area and non - open area toy cave tour were investigated, and the seasonable variation pattern was compared each other. DGGE is attractive technique, as it sepayate same length dsDNA according to sequence variation typical 16S rDNA genes. The diversity and similarity of bacterial community in cave was analyzed by GC341f and PRUN518r primer sets foy amplification of V3 region of eubacteria 16S rDNA. The specific DGGE band profile of the cave water gives the possibility that the specific bacterial cell can be adapting to the specific cave environment and living in the cave. The DGGE band profiles of all samples with guano were compared and analyzed by image analyzer, in which mutual band profile was compared to be and the band intensity of guano was the highest. From these result, it is thought that the guano was main nutrient source and influenced on the community structure of the cave environment where is nutritionally limited. Pseudomonas sp. NZ060, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, uncultured Variovorax sp. and soli bacterium NS7 were identified to be on some sample from analysing DNA sequence of some DGGE band.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
• /
• no.84
• /
• pp.10-21
• /
• 2008

In order to accumulate the basic informations to assess the scientific and natural values of the Hoe-ok Cave located in Mountain Chi-ak, Seong-nam 2 ri, sin-rim myeon, the natural environments in the cave were investigated from November 2004 to June 2005. The results are as follows; The average temperature in the cave was 2.5$^{\circ}C$ in the winter, 5.5$^{\circ}C$ in the spring, 6.8$^{\circ}C$ in the summer. The average humidity in the cave was 82.5％ in the winter, 86.0％ in the spring, 86.0 in the summer. this results show that the temperature was 10$^{\circ}C$ lower, and the humidity was 4$\sim$10％ lower than those in the Go-su Cave. Inside of the Heo-og Cave, the damages from the garbages and smoke stains by the reckless civilians are expanding. It is necessary to execute the research on the geological facts of the cave and the reassessment on its values in the natural history.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
• /
• no.67
• /
• pp.35-42
• /
• 2005

Simbook cave is a livestone cave formed at the Cambrian period. Simbook cave is situated in Kalkum -Ri, YeonPyeong-Meon, Kuisan-Kun, ChungBok province. The temperature of the Simbook cave is about $12\~16^{circ}C$, humidity $90\~95\%$, pH$7\~8$, Water temperature $13\~16^{circ}C$, Carbon dioxide $700\~900$ppmv, hardness 110mg/$\ell$. In Conclusion, Simbook cave does not have values of topography, environment, and tourism resource.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
• /
• no.62
• /
• pp.11-16
• /
• 2004

Uro cave is a livestone cave formed at the Cambrian period. Uro cave is situated in Urosil, HogyeMyen, Moonkyunssi, HyungBok province. The temperature of the Uro cave is about 12～$15^{\circ}C$, humidity 90～95%, pH 7～8, Water temperature 12～$15^{\circ}C$, Carbon dioxide 500～900ppmv, hardness 110mg/$\ell$ in Conclusion, Uro cave does not have values of topography, environment, and tourism resource.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.29-34
• /
• 2002

Our previous studies investigated that narrow field of view (FOV : 50˚) and slow navigation speed decreased the frequency of occurrence and severity of cybersickness during immersion in the virtual reality (VR). It would cause a significant reduction of cybersickness if it were provided cybersickness alleviating virtual environment (CAVE) using biofeedback method whenever subject underwent physiological agitation. For verifying the hypothesis, we constructed a real-time cybersickness detection and feedback system with artificial neural network whose inputs are electrophysiological parameters of blood pulse volume, skin conductance, eye blink, skin temperature, heart period, and EEG. The system temporary provided narrow FOV and decreased speed of navigation as feedback outputs whenever physiological measures signal the occurrence of cybersickness. We examined the frequency and severity of cybersickness from simulator sickness questionnaires and self-report in 36 subjects. All subjects experienced VR two times in CAVE and non-CAVE condition at one-month intervals. The frequency and severity of cybersickness were significantly reduced in CAVE than non-CAVE condition. Virtual environment of narrow FOV and slow navigation provided by electrophysiological features based artificial neural network caused a significant reduction of cybersickness symptoms. These results showed that efficiency of a cybersickness detection system we developed was relatively high and subjects expressed more comfortable in the virtual navigation environment.