• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.158-162
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• 1996

Algorithms to find the Bezier control points of the image of a Bezier domain curve on a Bezier surface are described. The diagonal image curve is analysed and the general linear case is transformed to the diagonal case. This proposed algorithm gives the closed form solution to find the control points of the image curve of a linear domain curve. If the domain curve is not linear, the image curve can be obtained by solving the system of linear equations.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.313-322
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• 2013

The concept of effective control is a crucial element for the acquisition as well as maintenance of territorial title. The general meaning of the concept has been described as 'an intentional display of power and authority over the territory, by the exercise of jurisdiction and State functions, on a continuous and peaceful basis'. The concept has been developed through some significant international cases such as the Island of Palmas case (1928), Legal Status of Eastern Greenland (1933), Minquiers and Ecrehos case (1953), Burkina Faso/Mali case (1986) and Nicaragua/Colombia case (2012). In relation to Dokdo, the concept has an important bearing in regard to Korea's claims of territorial sovereignty over the island. This paper reviews the definition, components and ramifications of the effective control with regard to the acquisition and maintenance of territorial title through analyzing the relevant judgements of international courts and tribunals. Furthermore, it exams the legal ramifications of the current effective control on Dokdo and makes some suggestions for the strengthening of Korea's position on the island.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.110-124
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• 2007

In this study, the control efficiency of odorous compounds was measured from diverse control process units of 14 individual companies located within the Ban-Wall industrial complex of Ansan city, Korea (January to July 2005), To quantify the control efficiency levels of major odorous compounds, we collected odor samples from both the front and rear side of 17 control process units ($N=17{\times}2=34$). If the control efficiency is compared for each of 32 compounds between different process units, wet scrubber (WS) was found to be the most effective unit in terms of the sum of pollutants showing the positive control signals. Although the WS system shows generally a good control pattern for VOC, it is not the case for most index odorous pollutants; only 3 out of 12 index compounds were found to show positive control efficiencies. The results of the study also indicated that the control efficiency differ greatly between different industrial sectors and/or control process types. In the case of leather industry, carbonyl compounds were found to exhibit the highest control efficiency with its values varying from 19 to 90%. On the other hand, in the case of metal production sector, VOC recorded the maximum control efficiency with values varying from 18 to 79%. According to this study, most air pollution control facilities operated in most companies show fairly poor control efficiencies for most malodor compounds. Hence, to obtain best control efficiency of odorous pollutant emission, acquisition of better information on source characteristics and establishment of effective control technologies are highly demanding.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.454-459
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• 2004

This paper considers the problem of satellite's orbit control and a solution based in Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMI) is proposed for the case of Low Earth Orbiters (LEO). In particular, the modelling procedure and the algorithm for control law synthesis are tested using as study case the European Gravity Field and Ocean Circulation Explorer satellite (GOCE), to be launched by the European Space Agency (ESA) in the year 2006. The scientific objective of this space mission is the recovering of the Earth gravity field with high accuracy (less than 10${\mu}m$/${\mu}m$) and spatial resolution (better than 100km). In order to meet these scientific requirements, the orbit control must guarantee stringent specifications in terms of environmental disturbances attenuation (atmospheric drag forces) even in presence of high levels of model uncertainty.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.435-446
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• 2000

Statistical process control(SPC) and engineering process control(EPC) are two strategies for quality improvement that have been developed independently. EPC seeks to minimize variability by adjusting compensatory variables in order to make the process level close to the target, while SPC seeks to reduce variability by monitoring and eliminating causes of variation. One purpose of this paper is to propose the IMA(0,1,1) model as the in-control process model. For the out-of-control process model we consider two cases; one is the case with a step shift in the level, and the other is the case with a change in the nonstationarity. Another purpose is to suggest the use of an integrated process control procedure with adjustment and monitoring, which can consider the proposed process model effectively. An integrated control procedure will improve the process control activity significantly for cases of the proposed model, when compared to the procedure of using either EPC or SPC, since EPC will keep the process close to the target and SPC will eliminate special causes.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.11b
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• pp.435-437
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• 1998

In this productive system, it needs to control the each axis motion harmoniously to perform accurately for the manufacturing, transporting and printing. Independent Axis Control usually used for this objection. However, if Independent Axis Control mismatched the parameter of each axis system or in the case of free curve tracking or the case of high speed control, there would be big contour error so that cannot achieve control objection. As a result, there is Contour Control method suggested to supply for this defect. This paper carried modeling of biaxial system and implemented Independent Axis Control & Contouring Control on straight line, circular, and coner path by simulation and experiment. If feedrate increased, contour error growed. In consequence, according to this factor, we introduced contouring controller, so we could find the fact that contour error was reduced more than that of independent axis control about each path.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.1 s.29
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• pp.295-318
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• 1995

In order to investigate the effect of Houttuynia cordata Thunb and Sanggukeum on immune function, the author performed this experimental study. Delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) and rosette forming cells(RFC) for cell-mediated immune response, hemagglutinin (HA) titers, hemolysin (HL) titers and plaque forming cells (PFC) for humoral immune response, immunoglogbulin (Ig G) titer, splenic natural Killer cell activity (NKCA) carbon clearance for phagocytic function of MPS(mononuclear phagocyte system) and change of weight were measured in ICR mice. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. DTH was increased with statistical significance in all of the treated group as compared with the control group. 2. RFC was increased with statistical significance in case of Houttuynia cordata Thunb but in case of sanggukeum and gamisanggukeum valuable increase of RFC was not recognized as compared with the control group. 3. HA titers were increased with statistical significance in case of Houttuynia cordata Thunb but in cases of Sanggukeum and Gamisanggukeum HA titers were not recognized as compared with the control group. 4. HL titers were increased with statistical significance in case of Houttuynia cordata Thunb but in cases of Sanggukeum and Gamisanggukeum valuable increase of HL titer was not recognized as compared with the control group. 5. PFC was increased in all of the treated group but valuable increase of PFC was not recognized as compared with the controal group. 6. Ig G titers were increased in all of the treated group but valuable increase of Ig G titer was not recognized as compared with the control group. 7. NKCA was increased with statistical significance in case of Houttuynia cordate Thunb but in case of Sanggukeum and Gamisanggukeum valuable increase of NKCA was not recognized as compared with the control group. 8. Carbon clearance was increased with statistical significance in case of Sanggukeum but in case of Houttuynia cordata Thunb and Gamisanggukeum valuable increase of carbon clearance was not recognized as compared with the control group. 9. Change of weight was increased with statistical significance in all of the treated group. Through in vivo experimental study in ICR mice, Houttuynia cordata Thunb enhances the cell-mediated immune responce, the humoral immune responce and natural killer cell activity. And Houttuynia cordata Thunb enhances immune responce as compared with that plused Sanggukeum. Sanggukeum enhances carbon clearance and enhances a little cell-mediated immune responce, the humoral immune response and natural killer cell activity. According to the above results it seems Houttuynia cordata Thunb and Sanggukeum was able to use Infection, Inflammation and Tumor.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.365-373
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• 2012

This study compared indoor air quality of homes in which elementary school children with and without (case and control) allergic rhinitis live in the Ulsan metropolitan region (UMR). A total of 58 homes (case and control: 29, respectively; children aged 7 to 12 years) was selected for indoor air quality measurements. The concentrations of all general indoor air pollutants, except $PM_{2.5}$, in the case group were much higher than those in the control group. In particular, the average concentrations of $O_3$ and $NO_2$ in the case group were statistically significantly (p<0.05) higher than those in the control group. Average concentrations of $CO_2$ in the case and control groups and $NO_2$ in the case group exceeded the standard level. Some components of aldehydes and ketones and VOCs indicated large difference of average concentrations between two groups, but there were no statistically significant differences.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.69-78
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• 2001

Objectives : It is known that cigarette smoking is associated with increased risk of both thrombotic and hemorrhagic stroke. However, in Korea, especially in the academic world of Korean Medicine, there is a lack of study about the relation between cigarette smoking and stroke. We carried out a case-control study to clarify the relation between cigarette smoking and stroke. Method : We interviewed 441 stroke patients (236 men, 205 women) as a case group and 432 non-stroke patients (208 men, 224 women) as a control group. We investigated the smoking pattern of all patients and stroke-subtype of the case group. Smoking pattern is classed into two (Class I), four (Class II) and five groups (Class III). Class I consists of current non-smokers and current smokers. Class II consists of non-smokers, former smokers, current light smokers and current heavy smokers. Class III consists of never smoked, secondhand smokers, former smokers, Current light smokers and current heavy smokers. Stroke-subtype consists of cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage. Results : The percentage of current smokers of case group is higher significantly than that of control group. The number of cigarettes smoked per day is associated positively with the risk of stroke. According to our study, generally cigarette smoking is related with ischemic stroke. The percentage of secondhand smokers of the case group is lower than that of the control group. According to our study, characteristically secondhand smoking is associated with hemorrhagic stroke. Conclusions : From the above results we found that cigarette smoking is an important risk factor of stroke - especially cerebral infarction - and the number of cigarettes smoked per day is associated positively with the risk of stroke. Characteristically according to our study, secondhand smoking is associated with hemorrhagic stroke. Overall we conclude that cigarette smoking may be an important preventable factor for stroke.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.56-59
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• 1996

Worst-case state estimation will be proposed in this paper. By using the worst-case disturbance and worst-case state estimation, we can obtain right/left constrained coprime factors. If constrained coprime factors are used in designing a controller, the infinity-norm of closed-loop transfer matrix can be smaller than any constant .gamma.(> .gamma.$_{opt}$) without matrix dilation optimization. The derivation of left/right constrained coprime factors is achieved by doubly coprime factorization for the plant constrained by the infinity norm. And the parameterization of stabilizing controllers gives us easily understanding for H$_{\infty}$ control theory.ry.