• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

According to the worldwide efforts to reduce greenhouse gases consequent upon climatic change, the field of road traffic is also making diverse efforts to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases. Among these, the exhaust gases from vehicles, the so-called main culprit of the greenhouse gases will take place the more as delay and tie-up of vehicles ever take place. Accordingly, as a scheme for reducing the delay & tie-up of vehicles, it's possible to bring up the idea of supply of new facilities and management of the existing facilities; recently, a lot more focus is being put on the management of the existing facilities due to enormous amounts of construction cost. In the midst of growing concern for traffic demand management policy, it's about the time we should do research on the tollbooth metering on the expressway whose research is almost non-existent home and abroad. As a traffic demand management policy coming to happen in case of the management of pay expressway like Japan and Korea, this research analyzed the contents of tollbooth metering, its effect and its subsequent convenience. Especially as a tool for effect analysis, this research made an analysis using VISSIM-a micro-simulation tool. As the tollbooth metering promoted, as a part of green traffic promotion strategy, is expected to contribute to improvement in traffic flow and reduction in carbon emissions, etc. It seems that there needs to be continuous research work on the management plan & revitalization plan for maximization of its effect later as well.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.569-581
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• 1990

It is generated in DMF by activated catalysts of superoxo cobalt(III) complex, such as [Co(III)(Schiff base)(L)]O$_2$ (Schiff base; SED, SOPD and o-BSDT, L; DMF and Py) which mole ratio of oxygen to metal is 1:1 that oxidation major product of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol by homogeneous oxidatve catalysts of oxygen adducted tetradentate Schiff base cobalt(III) is 2,6-ditert-butylbenzoquinone (BQ). And oxidation product of 3,3',5,5'-tetra-tert-butyldiphenoquinone (DPQ) is generated by activated catalysts such as $\mu$-peroxo cobalt(III) complex; $[Co(III)(SND)(L)]_2$$O_2$ (L; DMF and Py) which mole ratio of oxygen to metal is 1:2. It is difficult to identify these homogeneous activated catalysts such as superoxo and $\mu$-peroxo cobalt(III) complexes in DMF and DMSO solvents. But we can identify by P.V.T method of the oxygen absorption in pyridine solvent and by the reduction process occurred to four steps including prewave of O$_2$- in 1:1 oxygen adducted superoxo cobalt(III) complexes and three steps not including prewave of O$_2$- in 1:2 oxygen adducted $\mu$-peroxo cobalt(III) complexes by the cyclic voltammetry with glassy carbon electrode in 0.1 M TEAP as supporting electrolyte solutidn.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.729-738
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• 2017

With the signing of the Paris Agreement, which is the new climate change agreement at the end of 2015, it will have a great impact on Korea environmental policy. The construction industry, which accounts for 42% of Korea's total $CO_2$ emissions, has been implementing various policies to improve the environmental problems. However, it is only applying passively to other projects except eco-friendly building certification. This is because most of the eco-related systems are based on building facilities. Therefore, there is a need for a new eco - friendly design evaluation model that can be widely applied not only to architecture but also to civil engineering facilities. In this study, a new model is developed based on the existing VE model, which adds new factors to evaluate the environmental friendliness, potential environmental pollution concept and environmental risk of facilities. This model is an eco-friendly design evaluation model that enables decision makers to effectively select alternative environmental criteria at the design stage. As a result of the case analysis of the block retaining wall and the alternative retaining wall, the value of the eco - friendly value of the alternative was 1.026 times higher than the original one. If this model is used at the design stage, it is expected to contribute not only to the construction of environmentally friendly facilities but also to the reduction of carbon emissions.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.72-79
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• 2011

This study is performed to analyze the effects of CASB by applying the superplasticizer combined CASB on the ultra high strength mortar and concrete that uses different mineral admixture depending on whether the silica fume was used and the results are summarized below. From the characteristics of Fresh mortar and concrete, the fluidity was lower in B2-CASB than B2-PC from the mixing of CASB and based on the viscosity of the mortar and concrete in the binary proportion but in the ternary proportion, B3-CASB showed a larger fluidity than B3-PC because of a reduction in the restriction level due to the effects of an improvement of particle size distribution. The compression strength was higher in ternary proportion than in binary proportion and higher in CASB than in PC from the characteristics of hardening mortar and concrete and this is analyzed as a result of increased minuteness from the calcium silicate hydrates produced from the pozzolan reaction of a mineral admixture, SF, and also the charging effects of capillary pore of CASB. Overall, when using the nanomaterial, CASB in combination with a superplasticizer, the fluidity and the strength aspects of the ternary proportion of ultra high strength mortar and concrete with silica fume may be improved to a higher quality.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.277-281
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• 2012

This work is concerned with a plan for preventing accidents of CO gas leak from gas boilers, involving the enforcement of installations of both CO alarm system and condensing boilers, and financial support of government grants. If amongst 1,460,000 beneficiaries of basic livelihood security, one million households in use of gas boilers receive 3-year support of 200,000 won, the difference of prices between common and condensing boilers, the government grants would be 2,000 billion won. If 3 million common householders are in 3-year support of 100,000 won, government grants would be 3,000 billion won. Therefore, 3-year grand total of government grants would be 5,000 billion won. Finance for government grants can be purveyed from energy saving; yearly 2,000 billion won of energy saving by enforcing to replace one million existing boilers with condensing boilers, leading to 2 trillion won of energy saving for 10 years. In this way, 6,000 billion won of 3-year grand total of government grants for CO alarm system and condensing boilers can be purveyed. The rest amount would be fundraised for energy savings. We claim that our proposal can make an achievement of more than 50% reduction of CO leak accidents during 10 years.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.417-420
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• 2012

This study is about reduction reaction making 2, 4-dinitrotoluene (2, 4-DNT) to 2, 4-toluene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI) with Pd/$SiO_2$. Catalytic systems based on Pd/$SiO_2$ at about $200^{\circ}C$ and under 100 bars of carbon monoxide. We studied the effect of pyridine on the yield of the TDI. TDI was not created without pyridine, but created with pyridine, at the reaction result. According to research, homogeneous synthesis of TDI with direct carbonylation, palladium and pyridine complexion is known to catalyze. When adding pyridine the reason of TDI synthesis is palladium leaching, ICP-AES was performed to confirm it. As a result, the proportion of Pd loaded in $SiO_2$ was decreased 52% than before, after the reaction by adding 20 vol% pyridine. Generating TDI by adding pyridine might be the effect of the complex ion, which is composed of leached palladium and pyridine.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.11-19
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• 2009

Recently the problem of global environment is became by social issue. Accordingly the interests to recycling and saving of resources are growing from daily life to varieties field of industry. To preserve the global environment, prevent global warming, environmental destruction, environmental pollution by wastes, the drain of aggregate, plasticity energy of cement and decrease in carbon dioxide are an urgent problem that must be resolved. So there is to a field of building industry and stands but on the inside of the building the many double meaning resources usefully, applies. Also the seller masterpiece building where the service life is long planned is safe and comfortably, maintenance, suppresses the construction which is not necessary is unnecessary. Also the seller masterpiece building where the service life is long planned is safe and comfortably, maintenance, suppresses the construction which is not necessary is unnecessary. By revitalizing effective use of limited earth resources, recycling and controling production of construction waste, this study introduced to a method for Long-Term Durability of Construction Structure and Effective Use of Technology for Construction Waste considering architectural demand and earth environment. It is for reduction of an earth environment load from the side of construction production and performance design of a structure.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.84-93
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• 2012

Most of the studies on reduction of buildings' environmental burden in the construction industry have been focused on carbon dioxide emission, although there are various kinds of environmental issues such as global warming, acidification, and etc. which are considered by many researchers. Therefore, this study defined and suggested six impact categories and the principles to assess each impact for the assessment of comprehensive environmental impacts of buildings. The six impact categories are abiotic depletion, global warming, ozone layer depletion, acidification, eutrophication, and photochemical oxidation. A case study has been conducted through comparative analysis of two structural design alternatives to confirm the necessity of assessing the six impact categories. That is, the results of global warming potential and the six impacts proposed in this study were compared. By comparing the results of only global warming potential, the second design alternative using 24MPa concrete was chosen as a better alternative, while the first design alternative using 21MPa concrete was resulted as a better alternative when six impact categories were considered. The results mean that the assessment of various environmental impacts is an appropriate and reasonable approach and the comprehensive assessment offers more reliable results of environmental impacts in the building construction.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.405-411
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• 2015

Recently, according to the low-carbon green growth policy, the Stirling Engine has been increasing the interest of some sort of external combustion engines Stirling Engine is largely divided into three types ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$ and ${\gamma}$. Among them, a ${\gamma}$-type engine is easy to design and can be applied variously. However, owing to the connection distance between the cylinder and the crank, there was a problem that ${\gamma}$-type occupies a larger volume than the ${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$-types. As one of the methods to solve this problem, we have to consider about the Yoke crank which have been applied mainly to the ${\alpha}$-type. Because there are two advantages in not only reduction of engine volume but also parallelizing the cylinder. In this study, leading on from the existing design techniques for the Ross Yoke crank, this paper presents a simple method that can apply the yoke crank design of the ${\gamma}$-type stirling engine.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.319-323
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• 2011

Curcumin, of which a critical characteristic is the capacity of crossing the blood-brain barrier, has been reported to induce the expression of neuroprotective heme oxygenase (HO)-1. The aim of this study is to compare HO-1-inducing capacity and neuroprotective activity of curcumin, its demethoxy (demethoxycurcumin, DMC; bis-demethoxycurcumin, BDMC) and hydrogenated derivatives (tetrahydrocurcumin, THC) in mouse hippocampal HT22 cells. Curcumin attenuated glutamate-induced cell death through HO-1 expression. DMC lacking a methoxy group on one of the aromatic rings possessed slightly lower activity in HO-1 expression and neuroprotection than curcumin. Similarly, BDMC, which lacks two methoxy groups on both of the aromatic rings, showed less activity than curcumin. These findings suggest that the presence of methoxy groups on the aromatic ring is required to enhance neuroprotective HO-1 expression. The reduction of the diarylheptadienone chain of curcumin by hydrogen, as in THC, was accompanied by a complete loss of ability to induce HO-1 expression and neuroprotection, suggesting that the conjugated double bonds of the central seven-carbon chain of curcumin may be essential for its ability to induce neuroprotective HO-1 expression. Our findings may provide useful information for further development of neuroprotective HO-1 inducers.