Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.11625/KJOA.2021.29.3.415

Comparison of Blood Gas, Biochemical Factors, and Hormone Concentrations, and Muscle Stress Response Factors of Chickens in General Farms and Animal Welfare Farms  

Kim, Hee-Eun (전북대학교 농축산식품융합학과)
Park, Jin-Ryong (전북대학교 축산학과)
Lee, Jeong-Eun (전북대학교 축산학과)
Kang, Da-Rae (전북대학교 동물생명공학과)
Jang, Ae-Ra (강원대학교 동물응용과학과)
Choe, Ho-Sung (전북대학교 동물생명공학과, 농축산식품융합학과)
Shim, Kwan-Seob (전북대학교 동물생명공학과, 농축산식품융합학과)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture / v.29, no.3, 2021 , pp. 415-427 More about this Journal
Abstract
It is generally recognized that high stocking density can increase the risk of immune dysfunction and reduction in productivity cause of elevated stress in broiler farm. The domestic livestock industry is implementing a certification system for animal welfare and livestock farms to reduce the problem of dense breeding. This study compared broiler from the general farm and animal welfare farm to confirm the effectiveness of animal welfare farms against stress. Gas concentrations in a farm of general and animal welfare farms were analyzed, blood (n=10) of the 28-day-old broiler was collected, the partial pressure of the gas in the blood was analyzed using whole blood, and biochemical factors and hormones were analyzed using the serum. Glycogen and L-lactate are analyzed using ELISA kit on finely pulverized muscles (n=10). CO2 and NH3 levels in the farm were significantly higher in general farm. Partial carbon dioxide tension (PCO2) in blood was significantly higher and partial oxygen tension (PO2) was significantly lower in the general farm. Creatinine (CREA), glucose (GLU), aspartateaminotransferase (AST), and creatinekinase (CK) in the blood were significantly higher in the general farm, and total protein (TP) and globulin (GLOB) were significantly higher in animal welfare farm. Blood corticosterone and norepinephrine were significantly higher in general farm and epinephrine was significantly higher in animal welfare farm. These results imply that animal welfare farm provides a stress-reduced breeding environment.
Keywords
animal welfare; blood; broiler; muscle; stress;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Dobrakovova, M., R. Kvetnansky, Z. Oprsalova, and D. Jezova. 1993. Specificity of the effect of repeated handling on sympathetic-adrenomedullary and pituitary-adrenocortical activity in rats. Psychoneroendocrinology. 18(3): 163-174.   DOI
2 Donham, K., P. Haglind, Y. Peterson, R. Rylander, and L. Belin. 1989. Environmental and health studies of farm workers in Swedish swine confinement buildings. Br. J. Ind. Med. 46(1): 31-37.
3 Goodla, L., M. Manubolu, K. Pathakoti, and P. R. Poondamalli. 2017. Preventive and curative effects of Cocculus hirsutus (Linn.) Diels leaves extract on CCl4 provoked hepatic injury in rats. Egyption J. Basic Appl. Sci. 4(4): 264-269.   DOI
4 Hollands, K. G., A. A. Grunder, C. J. Williams, and J. S. Gavora. 1980. Plasma greatine kinase as an indicator of degenerative myopathy in live turkeys. Br. Poult. Sci. 21(3): 161-169.   DOI
5 Hutchison, V. H. and L. D. Turney. 1975. Glucose and lactate concentrations during activity in the leopard frog, Rana pipiens. J. Comp. Physiol. 99(4): 287-295.   DOI
6 Kant, G. J., J. R. Leu, S. M. Anderson, and E. H. Mougey. 1987. Effects of chronic stress on plasma corticosterone, ACTH and prolactin. Physiol. Behav. 40(6): 775-779.   DOI
7 Kataria, N., A. K. Kataria, and A. K. Gahlot. 2008. Ambient temperature associated variations in serum hormones and interrelated analytes of broiler chickens in arid tract. Slov. Vet. Res. 45(4): 127-134.
8 Cai, Y., Z. Song, X. Zhang, X. Wang, H. Jiao, and H. Lin. 2009. Increased de novo lipo-genesis in liceer contributes to the augmented fat deposition in dexamethasone exposed broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C: Toxicol. Pharmacol. 150(2): 164-169.   DOI
9 Huang, X. J., Y. K. Choi, H. S. Im, O. Yarimaga, E. Yoon, and H. S. Kim. 2006. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST/GOT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT/GPT) detection techniques. Sensors. 6(7): 756-782.   DOI
10 Mashaly, M. M., G. L. Hendricks, M. A, Kalama, A. E. Gehad, A. O. Abbas, and P. H. Patterson. (2004). Effect of heat stress on production parameters and immune responses of commercial laying hens. Poult. Sci. 83(6): 889-894.   DOI
11 Roth, K. A., I. M. Mefford, and J. D. Barchas. 1982. Epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin: differential effects of acute and chronic stress on regional brain amines. Brain Res. 239(2): 417-424.   DOI
12 Vallee, M., W. Mayo, S. Maccari, M. Le Moal, and H. Simon. 1996. Long-term effects of prenatal stress and handling on metabolic parameters: relationship to corticosterone secretion response. Brain Res. 712(2): 287-292.   DOI
13 Kim, H. J., H. J. Kim, S. J. Oh, K. C. Nam, K. S. Shim, J. H. Jung, K. S. Kim, Y. I. Choi, S. H. Kim, and A. Jang. 2018. Comparison of quality and bioactive compounds in chicken thigh meat from conventional and animal welfare farm in Korea. Korean J. Poult. 45(4): 261-272.   DOI
14 Khan, W., A. Khan, A. Anjuman, and Z. Rehman. 2002. Effects of induced heat stress on some biochemical values in broiler chicks. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 4: 74-75.
15 Lee, S. H., J. H. Koo, Y. M. Lim, S. N. Kim, and Y. Heo. 2007. Preliminary investigation on effect of intense husbandry environment on serum Level of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol in pig or hen. Journal of Animal Experimental Alternative Law. 1(2): 55-59.
16 Knowles, T. and P. Warriss. 2007. 19 Stress Physiology of Animals During Transport. Livestock handling and transport. pp. 312-325.
17 Kvetnansky, R., C. Sun, C. Lake, N. Thoa, T. Torda, and I. Kopin. 1978. Effect of handling and forced immobilization on rat plasma levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine-β-hydroxylase. Endocrinology. 103(5): 1868-1874.   DOI
18 Lasiewski, R. C. 1969. Physiological responses to heat stress in the poorwill. American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content. 217(5): 1504-1509.   DOI
19 Lin, H., E. Decuypere, and J. Buyse. 2004. Oxidative stress induced by corticosterone administration in broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus): 2. Short-term effect. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 139(4): 745-751.   DOI
20 Meerson, F., T. Miniailenko, V. Pozharov, and M. Seredenko. 1989. Disorders of external respiration and oxygen transport and utilization in stress. Patol. Fiziol. Eksp. Ter. (6): 20-26.
21 Mitchell, R. L. and L. H. Phillips. 2007. The psychological, neurochemical and functional neuroanatomical mediators of the effects of positive and negative mood on executive functions. Neuropsychologia. 45(4): 617-629.   DOI
22 Na, I. J. 2014. Domestic animal welfare policy trend. World agriculture. 163: 91-103.
23 Attia, Y. A., A. S. El-Naggar, B. M. Abou-Shehema, and A. A. Abdella. 2019. Effect of supplementation with trimethylglycine (betaine) and/or vitamins on semen quality, fertility, antioxidant status, DNA repair and welfare of roosters exposed to chronic heat stress. Animals. 9(8): 547.   DOI
24 Ostrowski-Meissner, H. T. 1981. The physiological and biochemical responses of broilers exposed to short-term thermal stress. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A. Physiol. 70(1): 1-8.   DOI
25 Micale, V. and F. Drago. 2018. Endocannabinoid system, stress and HPA axis. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 834: 230-239.   DOI
26 An, Y. S., J. G. Park, I. S. Jang, S. H. Sohn, and Y. S. Moon. 2012. Effects of high stocking density on the expressions of stress and lipid metabolism associated genes in the liver of chicken. J. Life Sci. 22(12): 1672-1679.   DOI
27 Apple, J. K., M. E. Dikeman, J. E. Minton, R. M. McMurphy, M. R. Fedde, D. E. Leith, and J. A. Unruh. 1995. Effects of restraint and isolation stress and epidural blockade on endocrine and blood metabolite status, muscle glycogen metabolism, and incidence of dark-cutting longissimus muscle of sheep. J. Anim. Sci. 73(8): 2295-2307.   DOI
28 Ashby, F. G. and A. M. Isen. 1999. A neuropsychological theory of positive affect and its influence on cognition. Psychol. Rev. 106(3): 529-550.   DOI
29 Bains, B. S. 1996. The role of vitamin C in stress management. World Poultry. 12(4): 38-41.
30 Baird, M. F., S. M. Graham, J. S. Baker, and G. F. Bickerstaff. 2012. Creatine-kinase-and exercise-related muscle damage implication for muscle performance and recovery. J. Nutr. Metab. 2012.
31 Battaglia, M. 2017. Sensitivity to carbon dioxide and translational studies of anxiety disorders. Nueroscience. 346: 434-436.   DOI
32 de Kloet, E. R. 1991. Brain corticosteroid receptor balance and homeostatic control. Front. Neuroendocrinol. 12(2): 95-164.
33 Breuner, C. W., S. E. Lynn, G. E. Julian, J. M. Cornelius, B. J. Heidinger, O. P. Love, R. S. Sprague, H. Wada, and B. A. Whiteman. 2006. Plasma-binding globulins and acute stress response. Horm. Metab. Res. 38(4): 260.   DOI
34 Sudhanshu, D. G. 2013. Assessment of liver damage in male albino rats after repetitive heat stress of moderate level. Nati. J. Physiol. Pharm. Phamacol. 3(2): 147-152.   DOI
35 Roussel, S., P. H. Hemsworth, A. Boissy, and C. D. Ponter. 2004. Effects of repeated stress during pregnancy in ewes on the behavioural and physiological responses to stressful events and birth weight of their offspring. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 85(3-4): 259-276.   DOI
36 Schneider, J., R. Khemani, C. Grushkin, and R. Bart. 2010. Serum creatinine as stratified in the RIFLE score for acute kidney injury is associated with mortality and length of stay for children in the pediatric intensive care unit. Crit. Care Med. 38(3): 933-939.   DOI
37 Shin, C. L., K. S. Lee, K. R. Kim, T. S. Kang, and N. W. Paik. 2004. A study on exposure to organic dust and ammonia in poultry confinement buildings. Rural Medicine.Community Health. 29(2): 303-314.
38 Tan, C. L. and Z. A. Knight. 2018. Regulation of body temperature by the nervous system. Neuron. 98(1): 31-48.   DOI
39 Tomhave, A. E. and K. C. Seegar. 1945. Floor space requirements of broilers.
40 Yoon, J., G. Kim, and S. Joung. 2018. An exploratory study on the animal welfare certified product. J. Conum. Stud. 29(3): 83-107.   DOI
41 Zhang, Z. Y., G. Q. Jia, J. J. Zuo, J. Lei, L. Ren, and D. Y. Feng. 2012. Effects of constant and cyclic heat stress on muscle metabolism and meat quality of broiler breast fillet and thigh meat. Poult. Sci. 91(11): 2931-2937.   DOI
42 Selye, H. 1950. Stress and the general adaptation syndrome. Br. Med. J. 1(4667): 1383-1392.   DOI
43 Siegel, H. S. 1980. Physiological stress in birds. Bioscience. 30(8): 529-534.   DOI
44 Elnagar, S., S. Scheideler, and M. Beck. 2010. Reproductive hormones, hepatic deiodinase messenger ribonucleic acid, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-immunoreactive cells in hypothalamus in the heat stress-induced or chemically induced hypothyroid laying hen. Poult. Sci. 89(9): 2001-2009.   DOI
45 Dfarhud, D., M. Malmir, and M. Khanahmadi. 2014. Happiness & health: the biological factors-systematic review Article. Iran J. Public Health. 43(11): 1468.