• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.2581-2587
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• 2013

This paper aims at the design of wheel and axle with cap. The cap is conceptually designed by using TRIZ/CAE. Wheel axle is used at railway vehicle to safety and it is always investigated to reduce the railway vehicle weight. The cap has hollow shaft with the material of SM45C. Cap is located in the bearing seat of wheel and axle. The cap becomes durable within the allowable stress of EN13103, 13104 standard. In this study, the strength of wheel and axle with cap becomes higher than that of hollow shaft. The weight of wheel and axle with cap becomes lower by about 6.75 percent than that of solid shaft. The confidence of wheel and axle with cap can be improved by comparing with solid and hollow shafts.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.561-567
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• 2007

It is necessary to predict future water pollution sources in the establishment of Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) plan for watershed management. There are some difficulties and limits in estimating the pollution sources accurately since the prediction method is not firmly established. This study reviewed the existing methods of prediction and developed a technique characteristics. The characteristics were obtained by analyzing the change pattern of pollution sources by region and incorporated in the technique. A distinctive feature of the technique is to eliminate the influences of land use change included in the pollution source data of a region. The technique has been applied and tested. The test result showed the improvement on the prediction accuracy. A computer program was also developed for the easy application of the technique.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.63-68
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• 2017

Purpose: Various studies to solve the problem of increased energy consumption in the buildings are being carried out recently. Especially, the economic feasibility and insulation performance of the air-cap have been verified so that various studies regarding the reduction of building energy consumption have been carried out. However, previous studies regarding the air-cap were only carried out based on the verification of its insulation performance according to the size and attachment position of the air-cap. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to suggest a detachable air-cap module for improving the performance of the windows, evaluate the performance based on cooling, heating and light environments and verify its effectiveness through a real-scale testbed. Method: In this study, the energy saving performance in the circumstance where there is no attachment of an air-cap (Case 1), the circumstance where there is the attachment of air-cap on the glass surface of window (Case 2) and the circumstance where there is the attachment of an air-cap on the window frame (Case 3) were compared in order to verify the performance of the detachable air-cap module (Case 4), and the electricity consumption of cooling, heating and lighting equipment to maintain the appropriate indoor temperature and Illuminance for each case was calculated and utilized as indicators for the performance evaluation. Result: The result of this study is as follows. 1) In this study, the detachable air-cap module which was easily detachable through the principle of the magnet was suggested. 2) When Case 4 is applied, the electricity consumption of cooling and heating equipment can be reduced by 27.5%, 13.2% and 3.4% in comparison with Case 1, Case 2 and Case 3 respectively. 3) When the air-cap is applied to the window, the lighting energy consumption increases by 4 % in comparison to the non application of the air-cap, and this factor or aspect should be considered when applying the air-cap. 4) According to the performance evaluation result in consideration of cooling, heating and light environments, Case 4 demonstrates an energy saving ratio of 22.6%, 10.6% and 2.7% in comparison to Case 1, Case 2 and Case 3 respectively, indicating that it is effective for improving the performance of windows.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.1236-1245
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• 2024

Objective: The object of this study was to investigate the effect of replacing soybean meal with Clostridium autoethanogenum protein (CAP) in broiler diets on growth performance, blood indicators, antioxidant capacity, and immune function. Methods: A total of 180 Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into three treatments, each treatment with six replicates and 10 broilers per replicate for a 42-day feeding trial. The control group (CON) was fed corn-soybean meal based diet. The CAP-1 and CAP-2 groups were considered to use CAP to replace 25% or 50% of soybean meal in the diet, respectively. The average daily gain and average daily feed intake of broilers at 1 to 21 d, 22 to 42 d, and 1 to 42 d were measured, and the feed conversion ratio was calculated. At the 42nd day of age, two broilers with similar weights and fasted for 12 h were selected in each replicate for blood collection from the brachial wing vein. The blood routine indicators, serum biochemical indicators, serum antioxidant capacity, and immunoglobulin content of broiler chickens were measured. Results: Replacement of soybean meal with 25% (CAP-1) and 50% (CAP-2) CAP significantly increased the average daily gain of 22 to 42 d and 1 to 42 d and decreased the average daily feed intake and feed conversion rate (p<0.05). The CAP-1 group, and CAP-2 group significantly increased hemoglobulin in the blood of broilers, while the CAP-2 group increased hematocrit content (p<0.05). Compared with the control group, the contents of superoxide dismutase and immunoglobulin A in serum of the CAP-2 group were significantly increased, while the contents of malondialdehyde in CAP group were significantly decreased (p<0.05). Conclusion: Replacing soybean meal with CAP led to significant improvements in the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and immunoglobulin content of broilers.

• Information Display
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.10-12
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• 2004

우수한 화질특성을 나타내는 새로운 반투과형 액정모드를 개발했다. 단일 셀캡 구조에서 감마(Gamma) 보정없이 투과모드와 반사모드를 동시에 구동하기 위해 유기막을 이용하여 반사모드 영역의 액정 Cap을 두 가지로 분리하는 새로운 설계구조를 도입했다. 반사모드 영역의 액정 Cap을 순수한 액정 $Cap(C_{LC})$과 유기막 $Cap(C_{OL})$으로 분리함으로써 액정에 걸리는 실제 전압을 조절하게 되어 단일 셀캡 구조에서도 감마 보정없이 우수한 특성을 나타내는 반투과형 VA 액정모드를 개발하였다. 이러한 Cap-Divided 방식의 신규 VA 액정모드는 높은 콘트라스트, 광시야각 특성 및 공정 단순화의 장점이 있기 때문에 향후 반투과형 LCD에 적극적인 채용이 기대되어진다.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.1007-1011
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• 2004

Safety-Shoes are developed for heavy industry. Nowadays with the development of industry, it is increase on all of industry field. Safety-Shoes are to be classified into using intention. And it's developed not only protect from danger but also more comfort wearing. When wear a safety shoes, in cold weather, serious disease could be occur such as frostbitten and so on. In the study replaces steel toe-cap by polymer. Moreover add keeping warm, light weighting, chemical-proof. So we develop plastic Toe-Cap using plastic technology. And result of material property tess considered plastic to be using light work Safety Shoes Toe-Cap.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.217-222
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• 2004

This study was performed to investigate the immunological side effects of chloramphenicol (CAP) on olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. To investigate immunological effects on olive flounder, we determined the changes of chemiluminescence (CL) response of flounder kidney-derived leucocyte after the treatment of CAP in vivo and in vitro. The CL activity was significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner during the treatment of CAP in vitro. Similarly, a dose-dependent reduction of CL response, although not significant, were observed during the treatment of CAP in vivo. The results suggest that CAP reduced the function of flounder phagocytosis in vivo and in vitro, indicating the immunosuppressive ability of CAP.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.619-626
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• 2006

Let m be any positive integer, R be a ring with identity, $M_m(R)$ be the matrix ring of all m by m matrices eve. R and $G_m(R)$ be the multiplicative group of all n by n nonsingular matrices in $M_m(R)$. In this pape., the following are investigated: (1) for any pairwise coprime ideals ${I_1,\;I_2,\;...,\;I_n}$ in a ring R, $M_m(R/(I_1{\cap}I_2{\cap}...{\cap}I_n))$ is isomorphic to $M_m(R/I_1){\times}M_m(R/I_2){\times}...{\times}M_m(R/I_n);$ and $G_m(R/I_1){\cap}I_2{\cap}...{\cap}I_n))$ is isomorphic to $G_m(R/I_1){\times}G_m(R/I_2){\times}...{\times}G_m(R/I_n);$ (2) In particular, if R is a finite ring with identity, then the order of $G_m(R)$ can be computed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.576-581
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• 2011

In this paper, deformation of dust cap in the automotive wheel bearing produced during press-fit process was numerically analyzed. The commercial software, MSC.MARC which is based on the finite element method was used to calculate the deformation. From those results, interference between dust cap and sensor was investigated. To verify the analysis results, experiments were performed and compared experiment results with analysis results. To avoid the interference between dust cap and sensor, 4 modified designs were proposed and the best design was derived from them.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2001.03a
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• pp.363-370
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• 2001

A computationally efficient algorithm to analyze a group pile behavior is proposed by consideration of both soil-pile and pile-cap interactions. Using toad transfer method the nonlinear characteristics of the soil-pile interaction for a single pile is modeled by piecewise linear soil springs (p-y, t-z, and q-z curves). Beam-column method, one of the most practical approaches, is used for numerical modeling of the soil-pile system. In addition to the group effect resulting from the soil-pile-soil interaction, for a more realistic analysis it is essential to consider the effect of pile-cap interaction including geometric configuration of the piles in a group and conectivity conditions between piles and the cap. This paper mainly focuses on the pile-cap interaction and the development of a rational numerical procedure of its incorporation with the beam-column method.