• 영상문화
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• 제16권
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• pp.131-161
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• 2010

본 논문은 그동안 국내에서 연구가 미흡했던 최초의 영상기구 카메라 옵스쿠라(Camera obscura)를 영상이론의 관점에서 연구하고, 근대문화에서 그것의 의미를 파악하고자 한다. 이를 위해 르네상스 이후 카메라 옵스쿠라의 역사·문화·과학적 발전과정을 추적하고, 화가들의 미술작업과 연관되며 사용된 사례를 검토한다. 카메라 옵스쿠라의 원리는 중세이후 천문학자들의 개기일식 관찰과정에서 알려지기 시작했으며, 르네상스 이후 다 빈치와 델라 포르타의 영상 실험, 아타나지우스 키르허, 요하네스 차안 등과 같은 과학자들에 의해 이론적으로 발전되었다. 17세기 후반에는 '휴대용 카메라 옵스쿠라'가 제시되고 실용화되기 시작했으며, 화가들이 스케치와 드로잉할 때 사용하기 시작했다. 카메라 옵스쿠라는 인간 스스로 세계상(世界像)을 관찰하려는 점에서 탈중세적이고 시각중심주의적인 근대 과학정신을 반영하는 매체이며, 자연세계의 모습을 인공적 이미지로 보여주는 점에서 최초의 영상기구이다. 국내에 카메라 옵스쿠라는 조선 후기 정조(正祖) 때 북경(北京)을 갔다온 연행사(燕行使)들에 의해 유입되었으며, 정약용을 비롯한 서구 학문에 개방적인 실학자들에 의해 적극 수용되었고, 당시 초상화의 대가 이명기는 카메라 옵스쿠라를 이용해서 공신상(功臣像)을 그리기도 했다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.178-184
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• 2004

In this paper, we designed an image processing system for the high speed line-scan camera which adopts the new memory model we proposed. As a resolution and a data rate of the line-scan camera are becoming higher, the faster image processing systems are needed. But many conventional systems are not sufficient to process the image data from the line-scan camera during a very short time. We designed the memory controller which eliminates the time for transferring image data from the line-scan camera to the main memory with high-speed SRAM and has a dual-port configuration therefore the DSP can access the main memory even though the memory controller are writing the image data. The memory controller is implemented by VHDL and Xilinx SPARTAN-IIE FPGA.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.77-90
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• 2000

The aim of this study is to develop and evaluate an efficient camera calibration method for vision-based head tracking. Tracking head movements is important in the design of an eye-controlled human/computer interface. A vision-based head tracking system was proposed to allow the user's head movements in the design of the eye-controlled human/computer interface. We proposed an efficient camera calibration method to track the 3D position and orientation of the user's head accurately. We also evaluated the performance of the proposed method. The experimental error analysis results showed that the proposed method can provide more accurate and stable pose (i.e. position and orientation) of the camera than the conventional direct linear transformation method which has been used in camera calibration. The results of this study can be applied to the tracking head movements related to the eye-controlled human/computer interface and the virtual reality technology.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1121-1125
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• 2003

In this paper we deal with visual servoing that can control a robot arm with a camera using information of images only, without estimating 3D position and rotation of the robot arm. Here it is assumed that the robot arm is calibrated and the camera is uncalibrated. We use a pinhole camera model as the camera one. The essential notion can be show, that is, epipolar geometry, epipole, epipolar equation, and epipolar constrain. These play an important role in designing visual servoing. For easy understanding of the proposed method we first show a design in case of the calibrated camera. The design is constructed by 4 steps and the directional motion of the robot arm is fixed only to a constant direction. This means that an estimated epipole denotes the direction, to which the robot arm translates in 3D space, on the image plane.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.752-757
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• 2003

Recently, 3D structure recovery through self-calibration of camera has been actively researched. Traditional calibration algorithm requires known 3D coordinates of the control points while self-calibration only requires the corresponding points of images, thus it has more flexibility in real application. In general, self-calibration algorithm results in the nonlinear optimization problem using constraints from the intrinsic parameters of the camera. Thus, it requires initial value for the nonlinear minimization. Traditional approaches get the initial values assuming they have the same intrinsic parameters while they are dealing with the situation where the intrinsic parameters of the camera may change. In this paper, we propose new initialization method using the minimum 2 images. Proposed method is based on the assumption that the least violation of the camera’s intrinsic parameter gives more stable initial value. Synthetic and real experiment shows this result.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방재학회 2007년도 정기총회 및 학술발표대회
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• pp.105-108
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• 2007

아스팔트포장의 수명 및 공용성 확보를 위한 품질관리 대책의 하나로 아스팔트포장 포설면의 온도 불균형(Thermal Segregation) 현상 최소화를 위하여 균질한 다짐밀도를 확보하기 위한 연구가 미국에서 수행되고 있다. 특히, 적외선 카메라(Infrared Camera)를 이용하여 포설 또는 다짐작업 중인 아스팔트포장 표면의 온도분포를 파악하여 품질관리 기준으로 활용하고 있다. 국내에서도 온도분포 파악을 통한 아스팔트포장의 효율적인 다짐관리 방안이 필요하고 이에 대한 연구가 현재 수행되고 있다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.2087-2093
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• 2006

In this paper, auto focus actuator, which is used to move a lens module in the mobile phone having a camera module, is developed. Camera module containing auto focus actuator requires to minimize total size because of characteristics of the application area such as mobile phone, digital camera, and personal digital assistant. There are stepping motor, voice coil motor, and piezoelectric motor as auto focus actuator. In this paper, voice coil motor having new electromagnetic configuration is proposed. And actuator using proposed voice coil motor is developed by optimal design method using magnetic circuit analysis. The sectional area of the developed actuator is reduced to 32.4% compared with actuator using general electromagnetic configuration. From the performance test, the developed actuator has moving stroke of 0.64 mm for 2.1 volt, hysteresis of 40 $\mu$m, full stroke current of 54 mA, and unit step motion of 3 $\mu$m.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2005년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2005
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• pp.601-603
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• 2005

Refocusing methods are used to compensate optical performance degradation of high resolution satellite camera during on-orbit operation. Due to mechanical vibration during launch and thermal vacuum environment of space where camera is exposed, the alignment of optical system may have error. The focusing error is dominant of misalignment and caused by the de-space error of secondary mirror of catoptric camera, which is most sensitive to vibration and space environment. The high resolution camera of SPOT, Pleiades and KOMPSAT2 have refocusing device to adjust focusing during orbital operation while QuickBird of US does not use on orbit refocusing method. For the Korsch type optical configuration which is preferred for large aperture space remote sensing camera, secondary mirror and folding mirror are available as refocusing element.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.32-38
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• 2007

In this study, a new algorithm for measuring the velocity and distance from a camera to a moving object by using pseudo-stereo images obtained from a single camera with a stereo adapter is proposed. The proposed system is similar to a parallel visual stereo system using a two-camera system, but because this system can obtain pseudo-stereo images form a single camera, it has advantages not only in the aspect of cost but also in stereo conformity by arrangement and the calibration of the left and right stereo cameras upon image processing.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.350-356
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• 2020

Workers have been replaced by mobile manipulators for factory automation in recent years. One of the typical tasks for automation is that a mobile manipulator moves to a target location and picks and places an object on the worktable. However, due to the pose estimation error of the mobile platform, the robot cannot reach the exact target position, which prevents the manipulator from being able to accurately pick and place the object on the worktable. In this study, we developed an automatic alignment system using a low-cost camera mounted on the end-effector of a collaborative robot. Camera calibration and pose estimation methods were also proposed for the automatic alignment system. This algorithm uses a markerboard composed of markers to calibrate the camera and then precisely estimate the camera pose. Experimental results demonstrate that the mobile manipulator can perform successful pick and place tasks on various conditions.