• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 1981

This experiment was performed to investigate the response of inorganic substances in alveolar bone in relation to the experimental tooth movement. Right canine in maxillary jaw was tipped in cats by coil springs generating 80 gm. force, in mandibular jaw, the force was 100 gm. force. Cats were divided into five groups and orthodontically treated for one hour, 1, 7, 14 and 28 days, respectively. Alveolar bone samples were obtained from tension and compression sites as well as from contralateral control sites. The level of calcium of alveolar bone was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and inorganic phosphorus was measured by spectrophotometry. The results obtained were as follows: 1. In tension and compression site of maxillary alveolar bone, calcium levels were decreased at 1, 7 and 14 days, but recovered at 28 days. 2. The levels of inorganic phosphorus in compression site of maxillary alveolar bone had little change but in tension site of maxillary alveolar bone , phosphorous levels were decreased, 3. Calcium levels in tension and compression site of mandibular alveolar bone were decreased, especially at 28 days. 4. In tension and compression site of mandibular alveolar bone, inorganic phosphorus were slightly decreased from 1 day.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.201-209
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• 2011

With a new method of applying chitosan and alginate onto cellulose, multi-coated cotton fabrics with chitosan and alginate were prepared and characterized. To coat cotton with chitosan, raw cotton was dipped in chitosan solution, mangled of 1kgf/$cm^2$, neutralized in 2 wt% NaOH soluton, washed, and dried at $60^{\circ}C$ oven. The chitosan-coated fiber was dipped in sodium alginate solution, 1kgf/$cm^2$ mangled, neutralized in 2 wt% $CaCl_2$ solution, washed, and dried at $60^{\circ}C$ oven, resulting in CCAC(coated cotton with chitosan and calcium alginate skin) fiber characteristics. Excellent absorbancy of distilled water and saline solution was observed by the absorption test on cotton fabric treated with CCAC(0.5 wt% calcium alginate) and 0.5 wt% calcium alginate respectively. The SEM photograph confirmed the uniform coating on the cotton fabric surface.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.129-136
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• 2021

This study identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that affect the body weight of chickens. Analysis of body weight showed that the Cornish breed had the highest body weight, and the Korean native chicken (Gray Brown) had the lowest body weight. TSH is composed of an α-subunit and a β-subunit, and the TSH-β gene encoding the β-subunit has been reported to be associated with obesity. In chickens, it is located on chromosome 26 and is reported to be associated with growth. The calcium-sensing receptor gene (CaSR) plays a role in the regulation of extracellular calcium homeostasis and is responsible for calcium absorption in the urinary tract, which affects the eggshell quality in poultry. It was shown that TSH-β was strongly correlated with weight in Cornish and Korean native (Gray Brown) chickens, particularly in those with the CC trait. However, CaSR showed no association with body weight in poultry; it was associated with calcium and the eggshell. Thus, selection for TSH-β can be used to produce individuals with more favorable traits in terms of body weight.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.631-636
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• 2019

Fish bone-based calcium products are currently receiving much attention among high value-added industries involving calcium. Industrial processing of fish products yields unused fish parts including bones, which could be used as marine health foods to enhance the economic and environmental benefits of fish production. The ultimate goal of this study is to develop the high value-added fisheries products fortified with fish bones supplementing calcium. We here explored the physical and chemical softening methods of the fish bones to enhance texture of the fish products with a high degree of calcium absorption rates. The eluted calcium from the fish bone was quantified with the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The characteristics of the softened fish bones were determined by the laser diffraction particle size analysis, texture profile analysis, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) analysis. As the result, the optimized softening method of fish bone was established when Theragra chalcogramma bone was treated twice with the pressurized high temperature (110-120℃ and 1.0-1.5 kg/cm²). The produced softened fish bone turned out to be suitable for the food additives with low particle sizes, low hardness values, and negligible VOCs responsible for the unpleasant flavors.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.860-865
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• 2006

This study was performed to investigate the effect of ethanol and citric acid-treated anchovy, caseino-phosphopeptides (CPPs), calcium lactate, and calcium phosphate as dietary calcium supplements on calcium metabolism in rats for 5 weeks. Experimental animals were randomly assigned to five treatments with 15 heads of SD male rats (mean body wt. of 100 g) in each group. The experimental diets were as follows; dried large anchovy powder (C) as control, ethanol+citric acid group (EC), ethanol+citric acid+cpps group (ECC), calcium lactate group (CL) and calcium phosphate group (CP), which were formulated with commercial semi-purified Chow diet, while maintaining the same level of calcium in all diets (1%) groups. The weight gain of EC group was significantly higher than ECC, CL and CP groups (p<0.05), food efficiency (FER) was not different. In vitro and in vivo calcium absorption rates of ECC group treated with citric acid and CPPs were 20.4 and 28.4%, respectively, and the highest among the experimental groups (p<0.05). The blood glucose levels of CL group (105.7 mg/dL) was significantly higher than control group (98.5 mg/dL). In terms of serum lipids, total-cholesterol concentration of EC group (75.1 mg/dL) was significantly higher than CP group (65.6 mg/dL) and triglyceride concentration of CP group (33.5 mg/dL) was the lowest (p<0.05). ALP activity and 057 level were not different among experimental groups. The serum calcium concentration of control group (C) was the lowest among groups (p<0.05). The femur weight of CP group was the lowest (p<0.05) and the femur length of ECC group is the longest (P<0.05). The bone density of CP group $(0.1116\;g/cm^2)$ was the lowest while ECC group $(0.1149\;g/cm^2)$ was the highest, and the bone density was increased by added CPPs. These data demonstrated that ECC group significantly increased in vitro and in vivo calcium absorption rate, serum Ca level, and the length and bone density of femur.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.129-136
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• 1985

In the atomic absorption spectrometry using an air-acetylene flame, the interferences of Zr, Sn, Al, Sb, $SO_4^{2-},\;VO_3^-,\;and\;SiO_3^{2-}$, on the calcium absorption and the repression of this interference by the addition of cerium have been studied. The interference by Zr, Sn, Al, Sb, $SO_4^{2-},\;VO_3^-,\;and\;SiO_3^{2-}$ existed as the same concentration as calciurn ($3.0 {\times} 10^{-4}$M) in the sample solution are completely released by the addition of cerium twice as much as interfering cation. The interferences by the mixed interfering cations (Zr, Sn, Al and Sb) and by the mixed interfering anions ($SO_4^{2-},\;VO_3^-,\;and\;SiO_3^{2-}$) are larger than by each interfering cation and anion, and the releasing effect by cerium ($1.5 {\times} 10^{-2}$M) is effective up to some degree of the concentration of mixed interfering cations and of mixed interfering anions. The releasing effect by cerium to the mixed solution of interfering cations and anions is applicable to quite wide range of concentration.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2003

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of calcium sulfate as a bone graft substitute in the treatment of benign bone tumor. Materials and Method: Between December 2000 and November 2001, 18 patients with a benign bone tumor were treated with crettage and the defects were filled with calcium sulfate (Osteoset$^{(R)}$:Wright Medical Co. USA) as a bone graft substitute. Average age was 28.4 years and mean follow up period was 12.3 months. Calcium sulfate mixed with autograft was used in 6 cases, calcium sulfate with allograft in 2 cases, and calcium sulfate alone was used in 10 cases. The degree of absorption of calcium sulfate and new bone formation at plain radiograph was analyzed at immediate postoperative and postoperative 3 months and 6 months follow up. Results: At 3 months postoperatively, 92% of calcium sulfate was absorbed, and at 6 months postoperatively, 89% of new bone formation was observed. There was no difference in the resorption and new bone formation between the group using bone graft and the group osteoset$^{(R)}$ alone, different preoperative diagnosis and even different locations. There was no complication. Conclusion: Calcium sulfate(Osteoset$^{(R)}$) is a safe and effective bone graft substitute in the treatment of benign bone tumors, especially for the children in whom autograft is not recommandable.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.287-293
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• 1994

The effect of several adsorbents on paraquat poisohing was investigated (1) by measuring the saturatd amount of the poison adhered on the adsorbents in vitro and (2) by assaying the blood level of paraquat in the rat in in situ intestinal absorption experiments. Activated charcoal powder, natural aluminum silifonate) were used as adorbents. The steady-state blood level of paraquat in its absorption experiment with the cationic exchange resins was markedly lower than those without the resins or with other adsorbents. A good relationship was achieved between the calculated AUC or adsorptioin rate (in situ) and the saturated adsorption amount (in vitro). The rank order of the effect was sodium polystyene sulfonate > calcium polystyene sulfonate>natural aluminum silicate>activated charcoal powder. The effect of sodium polystyrene sulfonate after intestinal washing with physiological saline ws also measured, and a synergistic effect (marked decrease in blood paraquat level0 was found as compared with the intestinal washing alone. The simultaneous use of G.I. weshing and powerful adsorbent was scientifically proven to be most benefical.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.17-25
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• 2014

The thermal effect on the compositional change of the $SO_2$ absorption process product was investigated compared with the composition of raw material when dolomite is employed in place of lime in the scrubbing process based on thermodynamic estimation. It was considered that the equilibrium reactions which directly related with the formation of $CaSO_4$ and $MgSO_4$, the absorption process products, are those between $Ca^{2+}$ and $Ca(OH)_2$, $Mg^{2+}$ and $Mg(OH)_2$, and the secondary dissociation reaction of $H_2SO_4$. It was thought to be necessary to examine the enthalpy change for the formation reactions of $CaSO_4$ and $MgSO_4$ along with the thermal feature of the relative reactions to figure out the influence of temperature on the compositional change of absorption process products. The stable regions for $Ca(OH)_2$ and $Mg(OH)_2$ in Pourbaix diagram were found to be increased as temperature rises and the equilibrium reaction between $Ca^{2+}$ and $Ca(OH)_2$ was investigated to be more strongly influence by temperature change compared with the equilibrium reaction between $Mg^{2+}$ and $Mg(OH)_2$. The amounts of $CaSO_4$ and $MgSO_4$ were anticipated to be decreased with temperature considering the thermal characteristics for the equilibrium reactions regarding calcium, magnesium, and $H_2SO_4$. It was understood that the formation ratio between $CaSO_4$ and $MgSO_4$ is greater than the composition ratio between calcium and magnesium contained in dolomite at specific temperature and the decrease of the formation ratio of $CaSO_4$ and $MgSO_4$ with temperature was estimated to be diminished as the content of calcium in dolomite is increased. In addition, the extent of the change in the compositional ratio between absorption process products was examined to be reduced compared with the composition of raw material as the calcium content in dolomite is raised.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.541-546
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• 2001

This study examined the effect of various types of exercise on bone formation and resorption in rat. Five-week-old male Sprague-Daweley rats were randomly assigned to one of four groups with 10 animals in each; Control, Treadmill, Swimming, Resistance. The exercise regimen consisted of treadmill running at 25m/min, 1 hr per day, 5 days a week, and swimming for 1 hr per day, 5 days a week. Resistant exercise type with weight-bearing was designed to extend lower and upper extremities in order to feed the diet and water. Food intake showed no significant difference among groups but body weight gain and food efficiency were significantly increased in Control group as compared with exercise groups. Femur and tibia length and weight were higher in Control group and the density of therm tended to be higher in exercise groups than Control group, but this difference was not statistically significant. The breaking force of femur was the highest in Swimming group and tibia was the highest in Resistance group among groups, while there was no signigicant difference among the exercise groups. The calcium content of femur was significantly increased in Resistance group than the other groups. Calcium intake and urinary calcium showed no significant difference among groups, while calcium absorption and retention were significantly higher in exercise group than Control group. In conclusion, exercise training enhanced bone formation due to the positive effect on metabolism of calcium and bone which were different according to the types of exercise. (Korean J Nutrition 34(5) : 541∼546, 2001)