• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.36 no.6
• /
• pp.319-324
• /
• 2019

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) are major promising targets in anticancer therapy in human and veterinary medicine. Using immunohistochemistry method, we evaluated the expressionof five types RTK (PDGFR-α, PDGFR-β, VEGFR 2, c-Kit and Abl) in the six canine brain tumor samples (2 meningioma, 2 astrocytoma, 1 ependymoma and 1 choroid plexus papilloma). A total of five samples expressed PDGFR-β (5/6), one sample, the choroid plexus papilloma, expressed c-Kit (1/6), and a total of two samples expressed Abl (2/6). None of the samples showed expression of PDGFR-α and VEGFR 2. We demonstrate that a significant portion of canine brain tumors express tyrosine receptors for growth factors and show that these receptors generally localize to tumor cell membranes and the cytoplasm. Evaluation of immunohistochemical expression for the RTKs PDGFR-β, c-Kit, and Alb in canine brain samples reveals an interesting potential for molecular targeting by TKIs in therapeutic studies of canine brain tumors, and more studies will be needed to assess the interactions and efficacy of these RTKs and TKIs. Based on these results, we have some evidence for novel chemotherapeutic trials using TKIs for canine nervous tumors.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.81-87
• /
• 2024

Background: Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRα) is essential for various biological processes, including fetal Leydig cell differentiation. The PDGFRα^EGFP mouse model, which expresses an eGFP fusion gene under the native Pdgfrα promoter, serves as a valuable resource for exploring PDGFRα's expression and function in vivo. This study investigates PDGFRα expression in adult testicular cells using PDGFRα^EGFP mouse model. Methods: Genotyping PCR and gel electrophoresis were used to confirm the zygosity of PDGFRα^EGFP mice. Histological examination and fluorescence imaging were used to identify PDGFRα expression within testicular tissue. Immunohistochemical analysis assessed the co-expression of PDGFRα with c-Kit, ANO-1, and TASK-1 in testicular cells. Results: Genotyping confirmed the heterozygous status of the mice, which is crucial for studies due to the embryonic lethal phenotype observed in homozygotes. Histological and fluorescence imaging revealed that PDGFRα⁺ cells were primarily located in the interstitial spaces of the testis, specifically within Leydig cells and peritubular myoid cells (PMCs). Immunohistochemical results showed PDGFRα co-localization with c-Kit and ANO-1 in Leydig cells and a complete co-localization with TASK-1 in both Leydig cells and PMCs. Conclusions: The findings demonstrate specific expression of PDGFRα in Leydig cells and PMCs in adult testicular tissue. The co-expression of PDGFRα with c-Kit, ANO-1, and TASK-1 suggests complex regulatory mechanisms, possibly influencing testicular function and broader physiological processes.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.37-41
• /
• 2009

Measurement of hemoglobin A1c is used as an objective indicator of long-term blood glucose control in diabetic patients. We evaluated recently introduced Norudia$^{(R)}$ HbA1c (Daiichi Pure Chemical Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) test reagent using enzyme method for HbA1c assay. Linearity, precision and correlation with VARIANT$^{TM}$ II Turbo HbA1c analyzer (BIO-RAD, Hercules, CA, USA) were evaluated. The reference range was determined from 201 healthy subjects. The Norudia$^{(R)}$ HbA1c test reagent was founded to be linear in a range of 5.6% to 14.0% ($r^2=0.9885$). The within-run and between-day precision were 0.954% and 1.03% for low level (HbA1c 5.24%), 0.67% and 1.28% for high level (HbA1c 9.01%), respectively. Comparison study between Norudia$^{(R)}$ HbA1c test reagent and VARIANT$^{TM}$ II Turbo showed good correlation with a slope of 1.0489. an intercept at -0.9717, and coefficient of correlation was 0.9907. The reference range of HbA1c obtained from this reagent was 4.07-5.50%. The Norudia$^{(R)}$ HbA1c test reagent showed good linearity, precision and correlation with HbA1c analyzer with HPLC method. In addition, the exclusive analyzer is not required for assay and then this kit may be useful for HbA1c assay in clinical laboratory.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.44 no.4 s.141
• /
• pp.257-264
• /
• 2005

In order to establish the successive rearing system brush-footed butterflies (Lepidoptera : Nymphalidae) were reared in a room. Artificial diets were developed for a year-round rearing. Bu-diet was best to rear these butterflies among 3 kinds of diet used. The freeze-dried host plant leaf powder in diet was better than heat-dried one $(60^{\circ}C)$ in the growth of larvae. The rearing results were best in the diet C/N ratio was 1:1. The 24-hrs old eggs could be stored for 5 days at $15^{\circ}C$ or for 3 days at $5^{\circ}C$ and showed 75% of hatchability. On the other hand, pupae could be stored for maximum 15 days at $15^{\circ}C$ because the emergence of abnormal adults appeared much more as the cold storage period got longer. And the adult was able to be stored until 60 days at refrigerator without relation of nectar-sucking period before cold-storage and storage temperature. Also a simple artificial ovipositing kit was devised by ${\Phi}9$ cm of petri-dish and a female oviposited $278{\pm}27$ of eggs with adding the ether extract of host plant to this kit. The systematic successive rearing method of brush-footed butterflies in a room was completed.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.38 no.sup2
• /
• pp.335-342
• /
• 2008

Purpose: Cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) considered as a key factor of localized aggressive periodontitis, endocarditis, meningitis, and osteomyelitis is composed of five open reading frames (ORFs). Among of them, the individual role of CdtA and CdtC is not clear; several reports presents that CDT is an AB2 toxin and they enters the host cell via clathrin-coated pits or through the interaction with GM3 ganglioside. So, CdtA, CdtC, or both seem to be required for the delivery of the CdtB protein into the host cell. Moreover, recombinant CDT was suggested as good vaccine material and antibody against CDT can be used for neutralization or for a detection kit. Materials and Methods: We constructed the pET28a-cdtC plasmid from Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Y4 by genomic DNA PCR and expressed in BL21 (DE3) Escherichia coli system. We obtained the antibody against the recombinant CdtC in mice system. Using the anti-CdtC antibody, we test the native CdtC detection by ELISA and Western Blotting and confirm the expression time of native CdtC protein during the growth phase of A. actinomycetemcomitans. Results: In this study we reconstructed CdtC subunit of A. actinomycetemcomitans Y4 and generated the anti CdtC antibody against recombinant CdtC subunit expressed in E. coli system. Our anti CdtC antibody can be interacting with recombinant CdtC and native CDT in ELISA and Western system. Also, CDT holotoxin existed at 24h but not at 48h meaning that CDT holotoxin was assembled at specific time during the bacterial growth. Conclusion: In conclusion, we thought that our anti CdtC antibody could be used mucosal adjuvant or detection kit development, because it could interact with native CDT holotoxin.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.46 no.5
• /
• pp.735-742
• /
• 2004

This study was conducted for the identification of pure Landrace, Large White and Duroc breeds which are mainly maintained in Korea using DNA markers. We used known KIT and MC1R mutations, which were related coat color in pigs, and pig mitochondrial DNA variations. The KIT mutation was used to distinguish white and colored animals. Duroc breed could be discriminated from other colored breeds using the MC1R mutation N121D. Discriminating Landrace and Large White was possible using the l l-bp duplication of D-Ioop region and alternative initiation codon of ND2. In conclusion, identification of Landrace, Large White and Duroc breeds was might be possible using the procedure designed in this study.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.619-630
• /
• 2009

To investigate the hair growth activity of fractions and extract of Arisaematis Rhizoma in the hair removed skin of normal and spontaneous alopecia areata model in C57B/6N mice. These experiments were performed with the macroscopic, microscopic, immunohistochemical(VEGF, c-kit, PKC-${\alpha}$, TGF and FGF) and RT-PCR(TGF-${\beta}$, IGF, prolactin and placenta lactogen) methods. The results were as follows: Macroscopic observation after topical application of vehicle, 50% EtOH as control and extract of Arisaematis Rhizoma to the hair removed skin of C57BL/6N mice on the 9th, 11th and 15th day. Extensive hair growth activity was observed in treated group with extract of Arisaematis Rhizoma on the 9th, 11th and 15th day. In Arisaematis Rhizoma extracts treated group, hair follicles of middle stage of anagen was observed and it were grown down to subcutaneous tissue of skin in all the normal mice on 15th day. But in control group, most of hair follicles of telogen phase was observed in skin. The treatment of extract of Arisaematis Rhizoma increased expression of IGF(145%) and placenta lactogen(108%) in the skin of normal C57BL/6N mice on the 11th day compared to control group(100%). But expression of TGF-${\beta}$(90%) and prolactin(91%) decreased in the skin of normal C57B/6N mice on the 11th day compared to control group(100%). After application of fractions(chloroform, ethyl acetate and water fractions) of Arisaematis Rhizoma extract for 9th day, hair growth effect was observed in whole skin area in 50% of normal mice. But in control group, hair growth effect was not observed in whole skin area of normal mice. Immunoreactive density of VEGF, c-kit, PKC-${\alpha$ and FGF in skin of fractions of Arisaematis Rhizoma extracts was strongly stained in epidermis, bulge, secondary hair germ cells, cutaneous trunci m., subcutaneous tissue, root sheath compare to control group on the 9th day. In spontaneous alopecia areata model, The hair growth activity of Arisaematis Rhizoma extrat treated group(75%) was observed to be strong compared to control group(O%) on 7th day. These experiments suggest that fractions and extracts of Arisaematis Rhizoma may stimulate the topical hair growth activity. Thus it can be useful for treatment of alopecia areata.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.49 no.6
• /
• pp.1250-1258
• /
• 2017

The multigroup transport theory is the basis for many neutronics modules. A significant point of the cross-section (XS) generation procedure is the choice of the energy groups' boundaries in the XS libraries, which must be carefully selected as an unsuitable energy meshing can easily lead to inaccurate results. This decision can require considerable effort and is particularly difficult for the common user, especially if not well-versed in reactor physics. This work investigates a genetic algorithm-based tool which selects an appropriate XS energy structure (ES) specific for the considered problem, to be used for the condensation of a fine multigroup library. The procedure is accelerated by results storage and fitness calculation speedup and can be easily parallelized. The extension is applied to the coupled code SIMMER and tested on the European Sustainable Nuclear Industrial Initiative (ESNII+) Advanced Sodium Technological Reactor for Industrial Demonstration (ASTRID)-like reactor system with different fitness functions. The results show that, when the libraries are condensed based on the ESs suggested by the algorithm, the code actually returns the correct multiplication factor, in both reference and voided conditions. The computational effort reduction obtained by using the condensed library rather than the fine one is assessed and is much higher than the time required for the ES search.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.40-48
• /
• 2003

Cylindrocarpon destructans is the major pathogen inducing the root rot disease in ginseng. Up to now, there is no reliable and convenient method to analyze the spore density or population of this pathogen in ginseng-growing soil or any contaminated farmlands. Therefore, it will be very valuable to develop a new and reliable method in detecting the spore of this pathogen. In this study, a molecular biological technique using two step nested PCR method, was developed. Two universal ITS primers, ITS5F and ITS4R were used in the first round of PCR to amplify a fragment of ITS region from the genomic DNA of C. destructans. The specific prmers Nest 1 and Nest 2 were designed and used in the second round of PCR to amplify a inner fragment from the first round PCR product of C. destructans. C. destructans spore, only soil samples from the diseased ginseng farm produced the positive bands, suggesting its usefulness in detecting the C. destructans spores in soil samples. Thus it is recommended to first extract the whole genomic DNA from soil samples and use it for the PCR reaction, thereby eliminating the inhibitory activity of soil components.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.207-213
• /
• 1999

This study was carried out to get a industrial information about a possibility of IgY antibody production, antimicrobial activity and properties of IgY antibody in egg yolk. The residual antibody activities of IgY were 91.5% after heating for 30min at 6$0^{\circ}C$. At the same time. these activities, were 73.2% after heating 15min at $65^{\circ}C$ and decreased vapidly at 7$0^{\circ}C$ and little antibody activity was left after heating for 15min at 8$0^{\circ}C$. When the prepared IgY was incubated at various pH ranges from 7 to 2 for 5hr at 37$^{\circ}C$., the antibody activity was stable from pH 7 to 4 and remained to 69.8% at pH 3.