• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.273-276
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• 1992

Present study was undertaken in order to evaluate the lead contents of various feedstuffs produced in Chonbuk area. Fifty-five samples were collected from 5 regions. All of the samples were dry-ashed and analyzed for lead content using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results obtained were summarized as followed : 1. The lead content in $\mu\textrm{g}$/g of agriculture by-products were measured with the following mean values and ranges : soybean pod 7.01${\pm}$2.49(4.71∼10.66), rice bran 4.56${\pm}$0.90(3.17∼5.65), rice straw 3.89${\pm}$2.01(1.29∼6.33), rice hull 1.92${\pm}$1.77(0∼3.63). 2. The lead content in $\mu\textrm{g}$/g of pasture plants were measured with the following mean values and ranges : kudzu 20.29${\pm}$4.75(14.84∼25.34), clover 13.92${\pm}$2.68(10.17∼16.44), lespedeza 10.91${\pm}$9.00 (3.35∼23.54), sagebrush 10.75${\pm}$3.28(5.14∼13.18), Korean lawn grass 5.05${\pm}$2.29(2.57∼7.79), cornstalk 3.91${\pm}$2.55(0.50∼7.22), reed 2.92${\pm}$1.88(0.50∼5.73). 3. Seventeen samples (30.9%) out of 55 samples showed lead content of more than 10$\mu\textrm{g}$/g which are said to be the upper limit value for all animals. 4. The regional mean v짓ues for 리1 kinds of samples were Wanju-gun 10.02${\pm}$8.55$\mu\textrm{g}$/g, Mooju-gun 8.16${\pm}$4.91$\mu\textrm{g}$/g, Namwon-gun 7.09${\pm}$4.59$\mu\textrm{g}$/g, Okgu-gun 7.06${\pm}$7.11$\mu\textrm{g}$/g, Jeongup-gun 6.35${\pm}$6.50$\mu\textrm{g}$/g.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.267-271
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• 1992

Present study was undertaken in order to evaluate the cadmium contents of various feedstuffs produced in Chonbuk area. Fifty-five samples were collected from 5 regions. All of the samples were dry-ashed and analyzed for cadmium content using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results obtained were summarized as followed : 1. The cadmium content in $\mu\textrm{g}$/g of agriculture by-products were measured with the following mean values and ranges : soybean pod 3.15${\pm}$0.51(2.40∼3.81), rice bran 2.87${\pm}$0.23(2.50∼3.09), rice straw 1.66${\pm}$0.85(1.08∼3.14), rice hull 0.86${\pm}$0.45(0.41∼1.35). 2. The cadmium content in $\mu\textrm{g}$/g of pasture plants were measured with the following mean values and ranges : kudzu 5.65${\pm}$1.00(4.87∼7.29), sagebrush 4.86${\pm}$1.24(2.89∼6.24), clove, 4.28${\pm}$0.75(2.99∼4.86), lespedeza 3.99${\pm}$1.21(2.38∼4.94), Korean lawn grass 2.24${\pm}$1.04(1.33∼3.44), reed 1.99${\pm}$0.95(0.88∼2.91), cornstalk 1.61${\pm}$0.99(0.38∼3.12). 3. The regional mean values for all kinds of samples were Okgu-gun 3.19${\pm}$2.09$\mu\textrm{g}$/g, Mooju-gun 3.15${\pm}$1.73$\mu\textrm{g}$/g, Wanju-gun 3.05${\pm}$1.76$\mu\textrm{g}$/g, Namwon-gun 2.85${\pm}$1.70$\mu\textrm{g}$/g, Jeongup-gun 2.85${\pm}$1.25$\mu\textrm{g}$/g.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.1464-1472
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• 2011

Effects of a supplemental fermented agro by-products diet on growth performance, blood characteristics and carcass traits were investigated in fattening pigs. The fermented diet mainly contained 38.0% brewer's grain, 25.0% rice bran and 21.0% byproduct of king oyster mushrooms. The mixed ingredients were fermented at $40^{\circ}C$ for 7 days and fed to crossbred barrow pigs for 62 days. Ninety pigs were housed in 10 head per pen with three replicate pens per treatment. The pigs in the control group were fed with formula feed, while the pigs in T1 group were fed 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% fermented diet substituted with formula feed on 1 week interval. Pigs in T2 group were fed 30, 60 and 100% fermented diet substituted with formula feed on 1 week interval. The fermented diet significantly (p<0.05) decreased body weight gain and feed efficiency of pigs. The blood characteristics differed with diet types. Carcass grade was significantly better (p<0.05) in the pigs fed fermented diet than in the pigs fed control diet as well as ratio of high grade was higher in the fermented diet groups. Therefore, although a dietary of fermented diet decreased growth performance and feed efficiency, it improved the carcass grade in pigs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2004

The aim of this study was to predict the energy value and dynamic degradation of roughage in Taiwan using the $Daisy^{(R)}$. in vitro fermentation method to provide information on one of the very important nutrients for ration formulation. The second objective was to study the effects of Aspergillus oryzae (AFE) inclusion on nutrient utilization. Three ruminal fistulated dry dairy cows were used for rumen fluid and fifteen conventional forages used in dairy cattle were collected around this island. The degradability of these feedstuffs with and without AFE ($Amaferm^{(R)}$.) treatment was measured using the $Daisy^{(R)}$. in vitro method. The roughage energy values, including TDN and NEL, were calculated according to Robinson (2000). Results from the 30 h in vitro neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradability and predicted energy evaluations showed that alfalfa (among the forages) contained the highest degradability and energy values, Bermuda straw having the lowest. Peanut vines and corn silage contained higher energy values and the lowest value found in Pangola and Napier grasses among the locally produced forages. Pangola and Napier grasses had lower values than most imported forages except Bermuda straw. Among the by-products, wheat middling contained the highest NDF degradability, while rice bran contained the richest energy value due to its high oil content. From the dynamic dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradation, corn silage contained the highest effective degradation among the local forages; wheat middling (among the by-products) degraded the fastest in DM, OM, ADF and NDF and showed the highest effective degradability. AFE inclusion was inconsistent among the forages. Alfalfa hay showed significantly increased 30 h NDF degradability and energy values, Pangola hay, Napier grass and brewer's grains showed decreased degradability and energy values. AFE inclusion increased the DM, OM and NDF degradation rate in most forage, but only increased the DM degradation rate in sorghum distiller's grains, the OM degradation rate in bean curd pomace and the NDF and ADF degradation rates in soy pomace (among the by-products).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.85-90
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• 1991

Weaner heifers were set stocked at 4/ha on a grass-legume pasture in South Sulawesi, Indonesia, and either unsupplemented (Control) or for 338 days given daily supplements of one of, rice bran (RB) supplied at 1 kg/animal/d, molasses/urea (MU) or 0.5 RB + 0.5 MU (MURB) the amounts of which were adjusted to give similar energy intakes. There were 20 animals in each treatment. A drought resulted in low pasture availability for about half the supplementation period. The LWG per animal in the MURB treatment was 85 kg above that of the control and this was significantly greater (p < 0.01) than those for MU (62.0 kg) or RB (56.2 kg) although the economics favoured the gains from RB which returned over three times the cost of the supplement. Costs could be reduced by supplementing only at times of maximum undernutrition, but such a strategy is of doubtful value in this situation as there was no compensatory LWG and a similar rate of economic return was maintained throughout the period. The results suggest that additional benefits from the supplementation may be improved reproductive performance and more efficient use of pasture.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.150-153
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• 2023

본 연구는 미강의 대체 원료로 콩나물 부산물(BW)을 활용하여 표고의 생장특성을 확인하였다. 참나무톱밥과 미강을 8:2(v/v) 섞은 배지와 미강을 대체하기 위해 미강과 각 BW 50%, 100%로 BW를 섞은 혼합배지에 표고의 주요 재배 품종인 산조 701의 균사생장을 비교한 결과 대조구와 BW 50%의 균사생장량은 13.5 cm였으며, BW 100%의 균사생장량은 12.2 cm인 것으로 확인되었다. 자실체 생장을 비교한 결과 대조구에 비해 BW 50%는 갓의 직경은 1.6 cm 증가하였으며, 대길이는 0.4 cm 감소되었다. 반면에 BW 100%는 갓의 직경은 9.6 cm 감소하였으며, 대의 길이는 1.4 cm 감소하였다. 구성아미노산의 분석 값에 의하면 영양적인 측면에서 BW 50%는 대조구에 비해 전반적으로 낮은 함량을 보인 반면 BW 100%는 대조구에 비해 Met 함량은 낮았지만 감칠맛을 더해주는 성분을 가진 Glu와 필수아미노산 중 하나인 Val이 각 3.95 mg/g, 2.30 mg/g 높은 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 콩나물 부산물을 효율적으로 처리 및 활용한다면 미강 대체제로서 활용이 가능할 것으로 보여진다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.1481-1490
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• 2018

Objective: The objective of this experiment was to determine the net energy (NE) content of full-fat rice bran (FFRB), corn germ meal (CGM), corn gluten feed (CGF), solvent-extracted peanut meal (PNM), and dehulled sunflower meal (SFM) fed to growing pigs using indirect calorimetry or published prediction equations. Methods: Twelve growing barrows with an average initial body weight (BW) of $32.4{\pm}3.3kg$ were allotted to a replicated $3{\times}6$ Youden square design with 3 successive periods and 6 diets. During each period, pigs were individually housed in metabolism crates for 16 d, which included 7 days for adaptation. On d 8, the pigs were transferred to the respiration chambers and fed one of the 6 diets at 2.0 MJ metabolizable energy (ME)/$kg\;BW^{0.6}/d$. Total feces and urine were collected and daily heat production was measured from d 9 to d 13. On d 14 and d15, pigs were fed at their maintenance energy requirement level. On the last day pigs were fasted and fasting heat production was measured. Results: The NE of FFRB, CGM, CGF, PNM, and SFM measured by indirect calorimetry method was 12.33, 8.75, 7.51, 10.79, and 6.49 MJ/kg dry matter (DM), respectively. The NE/ME ratios ranged from 67.2% (SFM) to 78.5% (CGF). The NE values for the 5 ingredients calculated according to the prediction equations were 12.22, 8.55, 6.79, 10.51, and 6.17 MJ/kg DM, respectively. Conclusion: The NE values were the highest for FFRB and PNM and the lowest in the corn co-products and SFM. The average NE of the 5 ingredients measured by indirect calorimetry method in the current study was greater than values predicted from NE prediction equations (0.32 MJ/kg DM).

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2015

Seasoned laver Pyropia spp. is a traditional Korean seafood that has gained popularity worldwide because of its unique taste, texture, and health benefits. It is prepared by roasting a sheet of dried laver, to which vegetable oils have been applied, at an ultra-high temperature (UHT) of $300^{\circ}C$. Therefore, the oxidative stability of the oils is the most important factor in determining the shelf life of seasoned laver products. In this study, we investigated changes in the thermal oxidative stability of six major vegetable oils (sesame, perilla, sunflower, rice bran, canola, and olive) during the seasoned laver processing. The oxidation induction time of each oil from the seasoned laver products was decreased compared with the fresh oil. These results indicate that the UHT treatment ($300^{\circ}C$, 10 s) induced thermal oxidation of the oils. Among the six seasoned laver oils, the induction times of olive (OL, 8.02 h) and sesame (SE, 5.31 h) oils were significantly higher than the other oils. The acid values (AVs) of OL and SE oils from the seasoned laver were 0.49 and 0.79, respectively. On the other hand, perilla oil had the overall worst thermal oxidative properties (induction time: 0.35 h, AV: 2.82). Our results provide useful information about seasoned laver products for researchers or manufactures.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.135-143
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• 1971

유기수은제 농약은 도열병 방제의 목적으로 다량 살포되는데 그 결과로 식품중의 수은잔류량증가로 그 피해가 예견되어 수은함량을 검색할 필요성이 요구된다. 그러나 종래 분석방법인 dithizone 비색법은 시료 분해시 수은 화합물의 손실, 유출물의 변동으로 인하여 정확도를 기대하기 어려운점이 있으나 본 연구에서 시도한 방사화 분석법에 의하면 극미량도 고감도로 정량 할 수가 있다. 본 실험에서는 곡류, 야채, 육류, 과일, 계란을 산지별로 시료를 수집하여 건조, 포장하여 vial에 넣고 열중성자속 $3.8{\times}10^{12}\;n/cm\;sec$에 15시간 조사하였다. 이 시료를 Bethge 장치로 분해시켜 수은을 증류하여 TMC 100 Channel pluse height analyzer로 $^{203}Hg$ 방사능율 0.279 MeV Photopeck로 측정하였다. 시료별로 수은 함량은 곡류 $0.033{\sim}0.250\;ppm$, 야채 $0.012{\sim}0.190\;ppm$, 닭고기 $0.04{\sim}0.07\;ppm$, 과일 $0.085{\sim}0.145\;ppm$, 계란$0.051{\sim}0.165\;ppm$, 콩나물 0.123 ppm 됨을 알게 되었다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.324-332
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• 2016

왕겨를 탄소원으로 사용하여 증균 배양을 실시함으로써 국내 사찰에서 제조된 된장으로부터 xylan 분해능 우수한 균주를 분리하였다. 분리균 YB-1301은 DNA gyrase subunit B 유전자(gyrB)의 염기서열에 근거하여 Bacillus safensis로 동정되었다. B. safensis YB-1301을 밀기울 또는 여러 종류의 xylan들이 첨가된 배지에서 배양하였을 때 xylanase의 생산성이 급격하게 증가되었다. 특히 birchwood xylan이 첨가된 LB 배지에서 플라스크 배양을 하였을 때 최대 340 U/ml 이상의 xylanase 생산성을 보였다. Xylan이 첨가되지 않은 LB 배지에서는 매우 소량의 xylanase가 균의 성장과 연계되어 항시적으로 생산되지만, xylan이 첨가된 배지에서는 정지기 생육단계에서 xylanase의 생산이 크게 유도되었다. 더구나 xylanase 생합성은 가수분해되지 않은 xylan 보다 xylan의 효소적 가수분해 산물에 의해 더 빠르게 유도되었다. 또한 B. safensis YB-1301의 배양상등액에 존재하는 xylanase는 55℃와 pH 6.5−7.0의 반응조건에서 최대활성을 나타냈다.